This paper is an overview of the discourse strategies involved in buyer-seller conversational exchanges. Discourse is truly human interaction, whether written or spoken. An analysis of discourse can simply be viewed as a conversational analysis. Contemporary use of the term discourse analysis covers several activities and disciplines which provide insights for the discourse analyst in the interpretation of language-use in a wide range of discourses or genres, including seller-buyer discourse. This study hinges on both the Pragma-crafting Theory and Bach and Harnish’s speech act theory for the analyses of data. The analyses reveal that in using language to communicate in different contexts and situations in buyer-seller conversation, the interactants (the sellers and the buyers) demonstrate the various functions that language performs therein: to bargain, to persuade, to greet, to explain, to undertake, to confirm, to affirm, among others.

The ‘Nuun’ of the 1st person or majestic ‘nuun’ is one of the letters signifying the present tense. It is used by the speaker whenever he intends to attach the verb to himself for self veneration or for the 1st person plural (we) masculine or feminine or a mixture of both, or when he wants to indicate his own greatness or self esteem [1]. The seven authorities in Qur’anic recitation have used it in various places in the Glorious Quran. They differ in its application. Some of them use it, but others use other letters of the present tense in their recitations. This article aims at exploring the secret of their differences and reviewing the linguistic phenomenon itself. The article consists of an introduction and case study of some areas where the authorities recited differently.

Via the presentation of critical perspectives, this study proposes: the translation of school subjects into Nigerian Pidgin (NP); and the use of standard NP for teaching and learning in primary, secondary and tertiary institutions in the country. In terms of lexicon, grammar and literature, Nigerian Pidgin should be extensively developed. If the language is to be effectively used as medium of instruction alongside English, translation – which incorporates codification and standardization – is crucial. Indeed, NP should be introduced into the Certification System, so that learners will strive to attain proficiency in the language. Such proficiency will have long-term positive implications not only in terms of national cohesion and development, but also in terms of producing human resources (future competent teachers of the language in primary, secondary and tertiary institutions). Hinging on Stewart‟s parameters for language classification, this study concludes that the translation of school subjects into NP and use of NP as medium of instruction in schools can culminate into improvement of its corpora so much that the language can subsequently suffice as a functional language in important facets of nation-hood and can become suitable as a National Language in future

Academic writing is the process of authors’ interaction and communication with readers. Based on Yang's classification of evidentiality and self-built corpus, this study examines and compares the characteristics of Chinese and western authors’ use of evidentiality in second language academic writing. The major results include: 1) Evidentials are universal in research papers. Chinese authors’ less use of evidentials indicates their tendency to conceal personal opinions to offer more objective arguments; 2) Both Chinese and western authors prefer reporting and inferring evidentials, owing to the style of natural science and the language practice of the subject; 3) The frequency of English authors’ sensory and belief evidentials is significantly higher than that of Chinese authors due to the different cultural backgrounds; and 4) As to the specific realization of each evidential type, the commonality and difference coexist.

This research, based on the analysis of the themes in the college English textbooks and the analysis of the need of Chinese elements, combined with the quantitative discussion and analysis about the speech authority distribution in English textbooks which is acquired by questionnaire surveys, and by the discussion about the cultural orientation of students and the influence on their language-leaning and trans-cultural communication the speech authority distribution brings about, provides substantial support for college English teaching studies.