REVIEW ARTICLE | Dec. 26, 2024
A Multidisciplinary Role of Nano Particles Focusing Across the Industrial Scale
Muhammad Sheeraz Javed, Tahira Batool, Saeed Ahmad, Iqra Noreen, Seemab Javed, Zahid Asghar Bajwa, Rimsha, Kinza Nazir, Muhammad Sharjeel
Page no 519-525 |
DOI: https://doi.org/10.36348/sjls.2024.v09i12.004
Several NPs are being protect plants from various environmental stresses and encourage plant growth. Plant extract-mediated AuNP synthesis has drawn a lot of interest in this field since it can produce AuNPs effective results. AuNPs have better biocompatibility without harboring hazardous chemicals. The physical properties of nanoparticles, such as size, chemical makeup, surface charge, and surface modification, influence the absorption and transportation processes. Applying nanoparticles can assist plants in reducing abiotic stressors. Silver, gold, and other metallic nanoparticles have been produced using a variety of bacterial species. Some strains Staphylococcus aureus, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus were used to create AgNPs with antibacterial qualities. The exogenous NP administration allows plants to maintain their photosynthetic efficiency under DS while also stabilizing the ultra-structure of the mitochondria and chloroplasts. The application of SiO2 NPs to the leaves enhanced the elasticity and expansion of the cucumber's cell wall during the growth period and increased the accumulation of nitrogen and phosphorus elements in the leaves, thereby reducing the salt stress on cucumber plants. Silver nanoparticles are formed by natural biomolecules present in plants, including proteins, enzymes, amino acids, polysaccharides, alkaloids, alcoholic chemicals, and vitamins. Additionally, nanoparticles have different effects on seed germination and plant growth as they move throughout the plant body.
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE | Dec. 26, 2024
Evaluating Patient Satisfaction with the Quality Nursing Care in a Selected Hospital
Miss. Rijiya Sultana, Miss. Deepti Rai, Miss. Pooja Khadka, Miss. Swagatalakshmi Sen
Page no 410-413 |
DOI: https://doi.org/10.36348/sjnhc.2024.v07i12.010
Quality nursing care is subjective and influenced by individual expectations and needs. Evaluating it is complex due to varying client standards, although client satisfaction remains a key measure of nursing quality. This study explores patient satisfaction with nursing care during hospital stays, examining factors affecting quality and demographic variables related to satisfaction. Continuous evaluation helps healthcare managers identify areas for improvement. Nurses play a crucial role in overall patient satisfaction by providing emotional and psychological support. This descriptive study, conducted with 100 patients at a private hospital in Bangalore, used the “Patient Satisfaction with Quality of Nursing Care” scale to assess satisfaction levels.
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE | Dec. 26, 2024
The Clinical Features and Strategy for Diagnosis of Choledochal Cyst Using Improved Diagnostic Techniques
Dr. Muhtarima Haque, Prof. Dr. Mohammad Ali
Page no 960-964 |
DOI: https://doi.org/10.36348/sjmps.2024.v10i12.012
Background: Choledochal cysts are rare congenital anomalies of the biliary system, presenting variably across age groups. Early diagnosis is crucial to avoid complications such as cholangitis, pancreatitis, and malignancy. Advancements in diagnostic imaging have significantly improved the detection and management of this condition. Objective: To assess the clinical features and diagnostic strategies for choledochal cysts using improved diagnostic techniques. Methodology: A retrospective observational study was conducted in the Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery (HBPS) department of BIRDEM Hospital, Dhaka, spanning five years from January 2003 to January 2008. Thirty patients diagnosed with choledochal cysts were included based on clinical history, examination, and imaging. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 22, with descriptive statistics and chi-square tests employed to explore associations between variables. Results: The study cohort comprised 21 females (70%) and 9 males (30%), with the majority of cases (49.5%) occurring in the 0–15 years age group. Jaundice (36%), abdominal mass (32%), and right upper quadrant pain (32%) were the most common clinical features. Complications such as cystolithiasis (24%) and pancreatitis (29%) were observed, while cirrhosis and malignancy were rare. Ultrasonography was utilized in all patients as an initial diagnostic tool, while MRCP (33%) and CT scans provided additional insights. ERCP was performed in 42% of cases, but its use has since declined due to associated risks. Conclusion: This study highlights the demographic and clinical features of choledochal cysts, with a focus on the utility of advanced imaging modalities like MRCP for non-invasive and accurate diagnosis. Early detection and intervention are key to reducing complications and improving outcomes.
Background: Chalazion, a common benign eyelid lesion caused by chronic inflammation of a blocked meibomian gland, often requires intervention for larger or recurrent lesions. Incision and curettage (I&C) and intralesional steroid injections are common treatment methods, each with distinct advantages and challenges. This study aims to compare the efficacy, safety, and patient satisfaction of these treatments to guide clinical decision-making. Objective: To evaluate and compare the effectiveness and safety of triamcinolone acetonide (TA) injection, methylprednisolone acetate (Depo) injection, and I&C in the treatment of large chalazia. Methodology: A total of 60 patients with recurrent chalazia were randomly assigned to three treatment groups: TA injection, Depo injection, or I&C. Patients were followed up at 1, 2, and 6 weeks post-treatment. The primary outcome was the complete resolution of the chalazion, defined as an 80% reduction in size with no recurrence. Results: The demographic characteristics, including age and gender, showed no significant differences between groups. The overall success rate for all treatments was 95%, with only 5% of patients in each group experiencing incomplete resolution. A single injection group showed higher success rates (27 successful cases) compared to the two-injection group (13 successful cases), with a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05). Resolution rates improved over time, with 95% complete resolution achieved by 6 weeks in all groups. However, there were no significant differences in resolution rates between groups at any time point (p > 0.05). Conclusion: This study supports that both steroid injections and I&C are highly effective treatments for recurrent chalazions, achieving a 95% success rate. Single injections were more effective than multiple injections. While the resolution rates improved over time, no significant differences were observed between treatment groups. These findings suggest that either treatment option can be selected based on patient preference, with I&C remaining an effective choice for more persistent cases.
REVIEW ARTICLE | Dec. 26, 2024
Novel Biotechnology and Immunotherapy Trends in Cancer Therapy
Akram N. Salah, Afaf Mufeid N. Alshakhs, Nafea Mufeid N. Alshakhs, Jawharah Faisal Bajaber, Sarah Wafi N. Alshakhs, Rahmah Ali Saleh Baobaid, Reema Hassan Hadi Alqahtani
Page no 526-535 |
DOI: https://doi.org/10.36348/sjls.2024.v09i12.005
The quest for a potent treatment to combat cancer, which has emerged as the primary ailment afflicting mankind, has spurred the advancement of many approaches to investigate this affliction. Researchers and medical professionals have faced significant challenges in developing innovative treatments to overcome obstacles in cancer treatment and uncovering crucial insights into cancer development and progression. Comprehending the fundamental principles of the interaction between the human immune system and tumor cells has facilitated the development of novel and inventive approaches to cancer immunotherapy. The first progress witnessed in immunotherapy sparked enthusiasm among the scientific and clinical communities, since these approaches demonstrated significant potential for cancer treatment. However, there are other obstacles that currently hinder immunotherapy from being recognized as a truly effective treatment in the battle against malignant neoplasms. This review is trying to identify, assess, characterize, and define the main novel trends in immunotherapy and biotechnological therapies for cancer treatment.
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE | Dec. 26, 2024
Association of D-Dimer with Severity of Preeclampsia and Their Feto-Maternal Outcome
Dr. Asma Akter, Dr. Fatema Rahman, Dr. Rokon Ud Dowla, Dr. Saeedul Islam, Dr. Sazedul Islam, Saima Akter, Dr. Sumaiya Tazin
Page no 645-657 |
DOI: https://doi.org/10.36348/sijog.2024.v07i12.010
Background: Preeclampsia (PE) affects 2-8% of pregnancies worldwide, leading to maternal and fetal complications such as abruptio placentae, renal failure, and HELLP syndrome. Objective: To investigate the association between plasma D-dimer levels and the severity of preeclampsia, along with its impact on fetomaternal outcomes. Methods: A case-control study was conducted at Dhaka Medical College Hospital from June 2021 to May 2022, enrolling 100 preeclamptic patients (50 with severe features and 50 without severe features). Participants were between 29-40 weeks of gestation. Exclusion criteria included chronic hypertension, renal/hepatic disorders, diabetes, and fetal anomalies. D-dimer levels were measured from 3 mL venous blood samples. Maternal and fetal outcomes were documented and analyzed using SPSS software. Results: The mean age of patients was 26.62 ± 3.99 years (PE without severe feature) and 27.26 ± 5.45 years (PE with severe feature). D-dimer levels were significantly higher in the severe feature group (2.91 ± 2.14 μg/mL) compared to the non-severe feature group (0.79 ± 0.45 μg/mL; p<0.005). Severe PE was associated with higher rates of postpartum hemorrhage (58.0%), HELLP syndrome (12.0%), abruptio placentae (44.0%), and fetal growth restriction (46.0%). The severe PE group also had significantly lower APGAR scores and higher NICU admissions (42.0%). Elevated D-dimer levels were significantly correlated with maternal and fetal complications, including eclampsia (p=0.020), HELLP syndrome (p=0.011), and fetal growth restriction (p=0.022). Conclusion: Elevated plasma D-dimer levels are significantly associated with the severity of preeclampsia and adverse maternal and fetal outcomes.
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE | Dec. 26, 2024
Child Safety and Accident Prevention: A Study on Mothers' Knowledge and Practices in Bengaluru Communities
Ms. Divya Deepa H P, Mr. Vasantha Malagi, Mr. Shahid Qayoom Yatoo
Page no 414-419 |
DOI: https://doi.org/10.36348/sjnhc.2024.v07i12.011
Accidents are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among under-five children globally. Mothers play a pivotal role in ensuring child safety and preventing accidents within home environments. This descriptive study aimed to assess the knowledge and practice of mothers regarding child safety and accident prevention in selected community areas in Bengaluru, India. A total of 60 mothers of under-five children were selected through Non-Probability Convenient Sampling technique. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire to evaluate their knowledge and a checklist to assess their practice. The findings revealed that while the majority of mothers had an adequate level of knowledge regarding child safety, but there were significant gaps in the practical implementation of safety measures. The vast majority of mothers (86.6%) were categorized as having good practices concerning child safety and accident prevention. Meanwhile, 11.7% exhibited acceptable practices, and 1.66% were found to have poor practices. The correlation analysis, reveals that there was no significant relationship between knowledge and practice regarding child safety and accident prevention among mothers of under-five children. The computed correlation coefficient (r = 0.001) was less than the table value, leading to the acceptance of the null hypothesis, which stated that there is no relationship between knowledge and practice. Factors such as education level, socio-economic status, previous experience of accidents, and other basic variables were found to have no influence on knowledge and practice. The study underscores the need for targeted educational interventions to further more improve maternal knowledge and enhance the practice of safety measures to prevent childhood accidents.