The Relevance of the General Alphabet of Cameroonian Languages in Contest: The Engwo Perspective
Julius A. Eyoh
Page Numbers : 359-367
DOI : 10.36348/sijll.2021.v04i11.004
Since colonial days when Cameroonians in particular and Africans in general came in contact with the use of pen and paper for communication, the effect of first contact captured the psychology of the natives who to this day see the alphabets of western languages (English and French) as sacred or God given for the writing of all languages. This misconception partly explains the initial opposition and rejection of the introduction of new symbols for the proper writing of native Cameroonian languages. The development and introduction of the General Alphabet of Cameroonian Languages has faced common questions like: Why not simply use the English alphabet to write our local languages as a global and unifying system? Why introduce new unnecessary symbols or letters which are strange or unfamiliar and difficult to write, read or understand? It is in the light of this research problem that we use the Ngwo language to examine the place, role, importance and necessity of the General Alphabet of Cameroonian languages to clear doubts about the question of whether it is redundant or appropriate.
Original Research Article
Nov. 23, 2021
A Study of Parsi Culture and Search of Identity by the Characters in Rohinton Mistry’s Novels
Mr. A. Yogaraj, Dr. Mrs. M. Kavitha
Page Numbers : 354-358
DOI : 10.36348/sijll.2021.v04i11.003
This paper presents Parsis as a minority community who feel sense of insecurity, anxiety, atrophy and threat in a dominated culture in different time periods. Rohinton Mistry's novels deal with the life of Indians who suffer from communal disharmony, religious Chauvinism, ethnicity and cultural diversities. Such a Long Journey records the anxieties, uneasiness, problems and the distinct identity of a Parsi community within the boundary of India and tried to preserve the ethnic identity of the community. The novel mainly focus on realistic picture of the minority community like Parsis who became the victims of the political uncertainties. Mistry raises some problems of community and cultural crisis which are the main issues under the subaltern studies. There is a message that race, ethnicity or majority are controlling factors on the ideology and cultural make up of particular place where cultural diversity exists. The drift between ethnic culture and majority culture often gives rise to unrest in the national life as well as social structure. It is necessary to steam out the hatred, religious chauvinism and misconceptions through proper channels.
Review Article
Nov. 23, 2021
Inductive Approach: Its Pros & Cons
Rudra Prasad Samanta
Page Numbers : 351-353
DOI : 10.36348/sijll.2021.v04i11.002
Nowadays the general idea is that grammar has a pivotal role to play in language learning and teaching. English grammar instruction is extremely important for the English learners. However, prescriptive and deductive approaches to English grammar teaching have proved ineffective and boring, because the grammar of a language is acquired not through imitation but through abstracting a set of grammatical rules from language data. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to introduce an inductive approach to English grammar teaching that will help the students to rediscover their subconscious grammar knowledge and bring it to their consciousness, and to show how it is applied in the classroom. At the same time the merits and demerits of this approach are discussed meticulously and elaborately to help the teachers to use this approach in an effective manner in the classroom.
Review Article
Nov. 8, 2021
Depiction of Realism Reflected in Robert Frost's Poems
Mohammad Sarowar Hossain
Page Numbers : 345-350
DOI : 10.36348/sijll.2021.v04i11.001
An attempt has been made to examine Robert Frost's realism in his poems. Autobiographical elements, as well as the environment around him, find eloquence in his poems. His practical experiences of life tend him to choose his subjects in composing poems. Frost's poems seem to be very simple in the surface meaning, but a careful survey of his works vividly reveals his magnanimity as a poet. A critical study of his poetry testimonies him to be a true judge of various critical aspects of the everyday experiences of human beings. Frost employs an easily understandable simple diction and a liberal writing style, but within the encompassment of simplicity, layers of meaning can be unfolded. The characters that throng his poems are viewed as real people with real struggles in real life. It is well-known that Frost's poems are highly condensed with thematic interpretation, and simultaneously, the same reader can interpret his poems in multiple ways. The present paper aims at critically examining Frost's realistic approaches in the elevation of human nature under the broad spectrum of human life. This article also avoids the poems of Frost abounded with absolute imagination because fancy and imagination provide a transitory relief to the disturbed soul, and the ultimate fate of the individuals is to submit the reality. Frost himself individually appears to be a realist. Hence, Frost's poems claim the interpretation concerning realism and, with this end in view, to present article is tried out for.
Review Article
Oct. 30, 2021
Identity Crisis of James in Everything I Never Told You
Zhenhua Lyu
Page Numbers : 341-344
DOI : 10.36348/sijll.2021.v04i10.003
This paper analyzes the identity crisis of the protagonist James in Everything I Never Told You, explores the contributing factors to his failure to blend in American mainstream society and examines the aftermath of his failure.
Original Research Article
Oct. 25, 2021
A Study of Themes and Symbols used in ‘The Bull and She Devil’ by Zaib-Un-Nisa Hamidullah
Anila Hashim, Dr. Muhammad Arfan Lodhi, Surryia Khanum
Page Numbers : 335-340
DOI : 10.36348/sijll.2021.v04i10.002
A theme is a major topic, matter, or statement inside a tale and symbolism is a literary method that employs symbols, whether the words, characters, markings, places, or abstract concepts symbolize something more than the actual meaning. Thematic concepts refer to what readers "believe the work is about," while thematic statements are "whatever the work expresses about the topic". The major goal of this proposed study was to examine and debate the thematic concerns and symbols found in Zaib-Un-Nisa Hamidullah's novella ‘The Bull and She Devil’. She is regarded as a pioneer of feminist literary studies in Pakistan. Her contribution to the field of English literature is noteworthy. ‘The Young Wife and Other Stories’, a collection of her short fiction; deals with the impression and expression of sexuality in state of depression in a male dominated society. Nature of this research work is qualitative, and it explains various themes and symbols used in the story. Sample of the study is “The Bull and the She Devil”, a story taken from Hamidullah’s afore mentioned collection of short stories. Study discusses the mental approach and dilemma of the rural young man’s physical, psychological and emotional state regarding marital relationships with his wife along with the plight and repressive state of mind of females in male dominant societies. The author skillfully interacts with forbidden issues without being too overt with help of symbolic representations and thematic interpretations.
Original Research Article
Oct. 7, 2021
Use of Motivational Strategies in EFL Classrooms by Sudanese Teachers
Dr. Omer Bashir Elsheikh Aladani
Page Numbers : 329-334
DOI : 10.36348/sijll.2021.v04i10.001
The present study discusses the use of motivational strategies in EFL classroom by Sudanese Teachers; The study uses a questionnaire to collect the data from the participants (20 Language Teachers, 15 males and 5 females). The study found that majority of teachers use motivational strategies in the class. Out of 21 motivational strategies presented before the participants, only 4 received highest perentages (ranged from 80% to 95%), and around 6 motivational strategies are least used by teachers received lowest percentages (ranged from 25 % to 45%). The study also finds that the pre-and in-service training has significant impact in the teacher’s performance in the class, especially in using the motivational strategies.
