Background: Human body is still in the process of evolution. Incorrect ergonomics at workplace including working from home is not free from serious long-term health effects. Lockdown during COVID-19 pandemic, people stayed indoors. This has led children to depend on online classes, training and meetings. In view of this, study was undertaken to assess the effects of ergonomic settings on children spending more time on devices. Methods: About 186 children (aged between 10-18 years of both sexes) and their parents volunteered to respond to online survey with a questionnaire covering awareness of parents on ergonomics, problems encountered by children on ‘make-shift’ workplace adjustments, hours of sitting, screen time, eye-monitor ergonomics, backrest, footrest, keyboard & mouse ergonomics, breaks during work and gadgets they used. Problems encountered by the children were analysed. This was conducted 60 days after the first day of lockdown in Hyderabad (23 March 2020). Results & Discussion: Children spent longer hours on gadgets, on laptops (58%), android / apple phones (20%), desktops (12%) and tablets (10%). Their content on gadgets was 45% curriculum, 35% games and 20% others. Study revealed that parents were unaware of ergonomics and effects on their children. Very few parents understood the correct sitting posture (6%), eye-monitor ergonomics (1%), laptop ergonomics (3%) and (38%) importance of breaks. About 21% of subjects suffered upper back pain, 18% lower back pain, 13% eye strain, 11% headache, 6% had irregular sleep and 6% behavioural changes. Effects of wrong posture during work, repetition, loading and probable cause for pain were discussed in the paper. Conclusion: This pilot exploratory study revealed that parents and students were not aware of ergonomics. In a short duration of two months, lot of them have developed significant problems and this may increase the risk of many painful syndromes in future. These incorrect student-occupation practices may develop into permanent habits. There is a need of inclusion of ergonomics and workplace management in school curriculum, parents and teachers need training in the subject. More controlled studies are required to develop lifestyle strategies to combat these inevitable problems.

Physical activities in young people. The concept of the game as a cultural phenomenon was partly influenced by the ideas of different studios. The aim of this study was to examine the nature of the physical activities practiced by young people in their leisure time through questionnaires. Study sample. This study involved 126 young people: 66 girls and 60 boys, aged between 15 and 18 years old. They study in three different schools of Tirana. In both studies there are three main reasons for practicing informal physical activities: "because they like it“, "for fun and enjoyment" and "for exercising". Since the type of activities carried out during leisure time will affect many aspects of life persons, it is important to prevent these young people from becoming adults and spending most of their leisure time in sedentary activities.

Functional training is a classification of exercise which involves training the body for the activities performed in daily life. Yoga is an ancient Indian way of life, which includes changes in mental attitude, diet, and the practice of specific techniques such as yoga asanas (postures), breathing practices (pranayamas), and meditation to attain the highest level of consciousness. This study was conducted with the purpose to find out the combined effect of functional fitness training with yogic practices on selected physical and physiological variables of homemakers. Parallel group experimental design was formulated for this study. The selected 40 homemakers were randomly divided into two equal groups 20 on each group. (Experimental & Control group). The package of combined functional fitness training with yogic practices was incorporated to the experimental group, for 12 weeks, weekly three days, one hour in the evening session. The pre and post tests were conducted on the selected physical (flexibility, CVE) and Physiological variables (Pulse rate, BP & lung capacity) on the subjects of both the groups administering standardized tests of sit and reach, 9 minutes run and walk test, manual, monitary and wet spirometry. The collected data was analyzed by using the following statistical tests. The pre-test and post test scores were subjected to statistical analysis using paired ‘t’ test and in all cases 0.05 level of significance was fixed to test hypothesis. Functional fitness training associated with yogic practices showed a significant contribution to improve the Flexibility, Cardio Vascular Endurance, lung capacity and maintain Blood pressure and Pulse rate.

The presence of the sports can historically contribute international understanding and cooperation. Olympic and Paralympic Games in Tokyo will be scheduled, and “Exercise is Medicine” has been known widely by American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM). Authors et al. have continued clinical practice and research on pole exercise for years. The methods include various movements in frontal, horizontal and sagittal planes. The pole consists of aluminum with 60-160 cm in length. Moriyasu pole training would be clinically effective, which can simultaneously increase the flexibility of thorax, vertebrae and pelvis, and the functioning ability of joint movement and posture control.

Background: The researcher motivated a group of Govt. servant to start morning walk for the benefit of their health & fitness. At the very outset researcher discuss and assured them to monitor the training program targeted for the improvement of their health & fitness status and at the same time he thought to conduct a research work on them. Objective: The objective of this research work was to find out the effectiveness of morning walk on WHR, BMI, BP and RHR in Bengali men under the age of 40 years. Methods: Total thirty (N = 30) male Govt. servant, few office workers & few school teachers, were considered as subject for the present study. They were purposefully divided into two equal groups – One group was treated as experimental group (n=15) another group was treated as control group (n=15). The age of the subjects were ranged from 35 to 40 years. The subjects of experimental group were motivated and all the subjects were participated spontaneously in the morning work program followed by some free-hand and starching exercises for a period of 32 weeks. On the other hand the subjects of the control group were chosen from the same pair population of the age group who were not any history of participation in regular physical activity. Therefore, the control group was free from the morning walk program. In the present study WHR, BMI, BP and RHR were considered as variables. Data were collected in Pre intervention and Post intervention of the morning walk program both for the experimental as well as control group by using standard tools & techniques. To draw the inferences the data were analyzed by using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). It was tested at p < 0.05 level of significance. Results: A significant improvement was observed in BMI, WHR, BP (systolic blood pressure & diastolic blood pressure) and resting heart rate of less than forty year men. Conclusion: Regular morning workings have significant impact on WHR, BMI, BP and RHR.

Self-esteem is the basic human need or motivation. American psychologist Abraham Maslow for example included self-esteem in his hierarchy of needs for respect from others and inner self esteem. Respect from others entail recognition, acceptance, status and appreciation and was believed to be more fragile and easily lost than inner self esteem. According to Maslow, without the fulfillment of the self-esteem need, individuals will be driven to seek it and unable to grow and obtain self-esteem. The purpose of the study was to analyze the self-esteem between men and women physical education professionals. 17 women and 17 men undergoing Master of Physical Education students from Alagappa University College of Physical Education, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Sivagangai district, Tamil Nadu were selected as subjects for the study at random. Self-esteem was measured by Self Esteem Inventory Scale by Dr. S. Karunanidhi (1996). The multidimensional questionnaire consists of 83 key items in the form of statements. It has both positive and negative items. The inventory measures six dimensions of self-esteem such as Competency, Global self-esteem, Moral and Self-control, Social esteem, Family self-esteem and Body and physical appearance. The data collected were statistically analyzed by using ‘t’ test to find out the significant difference between men and women physical education professionals on their self-esteem. The level of significance was fixed at 0.05. The result showed that men scored in global self-esteem and social self-esteem than women. No significant difference was found in Competency, Moral and Self-control Family self-esteem and Body and physical appearance between men and women physical education professionals.