The purpose of the study was to find out the influence of different altitude training on VO2max and stress. Forty-five male middle distance runners studying in various colleges around Kodaikanal Town, Dindigul District, were selected and divided into three equal groups (n = 15), in which group - I underwent low altitude (sea level) training, five days per week for twelve weeks and group II underwent moderate level altitude training and group – III acted as control which did not participate any special training apart from their regular activities. The subjects were tested on selected criterion variables such as VO2max and stress at prior to and immediately after the training. For testing the VO2max, Cooper’s 12 minutes run/walk test result was taken and a formula recommended by Cooper was applied, and for stress, Girdano and Everly Stress Scale was used. The Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) was used as statistical tool to find the training effect difference between three groups. Since there were three groups involved in this study the ScheffẻS test was used as pos-hoc test. The result of the study shows that the VO2max was improved and stress level was decreased significantly for the training groups when compared with the control group. The result of the study also shown that there was no significant difference occurred between the experimental groups, such as, low altitude and moderate altitude training groups.

The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of the spread of coronavirus disease-19 on physical activity and mental health of students. Coronavirus-19 (Covid-19) is a new disease that can cause respiratory problems and pneumonia. The spread of an infectious disease called COVID-19 in Indonesia has changed the joints of social life. The population in this study was (n=43) and all were used as a whole research sample (total sampling), students at the Faculty of Sports Science, State University of Malang, research instrument data collection using Google forms and then disseminated through WhatsApp social. The types of data in this study are in the qualitative category analyzed by percentage with windows excel 2010. The results of the study, most respondents considered it very important to do physical activity, and at least 3 to 7 times per week, with a duration of time mostly under 60 minutes. Meanwhile, the intensity of physical activity is in the medium level category. The level of boredom reaches 90.5% of respondents. Respondents have activities to reduce boredom such as playing games and doing daily chores at home as many as 18 students (48%), while 6 respondents (16%) work on college assignments, and 5 respondents (13%) do sports activities. A total of 8 respondents (21%) helped the entrepreneurial parents. Various activities aimed at reducing boredom so as not to cause more serious mental health disorders such as feelings of stress and depression.

Study This aiming for (1) For analyze difference application of learning models cooperative TPS type against interest and motivation Study participant educate in volleyball underhand passing practice participant educated at SMP Negeri 2 Geneng. (2) For analyze difference application of learning models cooperative TGT type against interest and motivation Study participant educate in volleyball underhand passing practice participant educated at SMP Negeri 2 Geneng. (3) For compare and analyze effectiveness between learning models cooperative TPS and TGT types in increase interest and motivation Study participant educate in volleyball underhand passing practice participant educated at SMP Negeri 2 Geneng. Research This is study quantitative with design experiment quasi -experimental research This aiming for test differences between cooperative learning models TPS (Think Pair Share) and TGT (Teams-Games-Tournaments) interest and motivation Study participant educate in volleyball underhand passing practice. Research this use Simple Random Sampling technique. The selection process sample done with method random simple for ensure representativeness and bias reduction. Data analysis techniques are carried out through prerequisite tests namely 1) Analysis Descriptive, 2) normality test, 3) homogeneity test, 4) sample t test. Based on results research that has been done above, then conclusion in study This is: 1) There is difference application of learning models cooperative TPS type against interest and motivation Study participant educate in volleyball underhand passing practice at SMP Negeri 2 Geneng. 2) There is difference application of learning models cooperative TGT type against interest and motivation Study participant educate in volleyball underhand passing practice at SMP Negeri 2 Geneng. 3) There is difference effectiveness between learning models cooperative TPS and TGT types in increase interest and motivation Study participant educate in volleyball underhand passing practice at SMP Negeri 2 Geneng by 36.13%.