Technology has found its way slowly but surely into the classroom. This calls for the need to write on the title “Utilization of Digital Methods of Teaching for Interactivity and Effective Teacher Delivery at Basic Levels in Kaduna State.” Teachers are now exposed to using technological facilities in the instructional process to increase their abilities to use ICT gadgets for individualized instruction and assessment, arousing learners’ interest, retaining attention, and facilitating assimilation, understanding, recall, interaction, and collaboration. COVID-19 has opened a new normal in the classroom, where the sudden closure of schools calls for virtual or digital instruction. This technology can be applied to inject content, ideas, or encourage interactivity with or without a teacher. Trainees and teacher educators need to be exposed to these digital methods of teaching to remain updated, relevant, and technology-compliant. The paper discusses the nature and characteristics of technology-based methods, identifies six digital instructional methods for effective facilitation in the 21st century, and presents the processes, resources, problems, and recommendations for effective utilization. These elements are discussed in the paper for innovation and sustainability in Teacher Education.

The purpose of this research was to assess the challenges facing students when using the school library in Zanzibar. The study was conducted in Zanzibar West “A” District, Unguja. It involved three public secondary schools. This study used a qualitative method and employing a descriptive case study design. The objective of the study was to assess the challenges students face when using the school library. Data was collected through interviews, focus group discussions, and observations from 48 respondents selected from schools in the West “A” District in Zanzibar. The findings of the study revealed the usage of school libraries was low due to the various challenges facing students in using school libraries in Zanzibar, including shortage of resources, insufficient reading space, shortage of facilities in reading rooms, limited designated time for library usage, poor customer service from librarians, limited library hours, and shortage of librarians. The study recommends that schools be supported in establishing well-equipped, furnished, and resource-rich libraries to encourage students to enjoy visiting and utilizing these spaces for reading books and accessing informational materials.

Based on social practice, it can be seen that university education culture is an important part of the social culture of each country and nation. Accordingly, university education culture has a great responsibility in training, educating, shaping personality, ethics, lifestyle and thinking of people corresponding to the educational philosophy of the university, as well as having a certain influence on the views, thoughts, behaviors and values of learners towards political and social issues in each country. In recent years, many universities in Vietnam have carried out comprehensive educational reforms in all aspects so that the university education environment becomes a space for training and cultivating the ethics, personality and lifestyle of learners, in which the responsibilities and tasks of teachers are extremely important in contributing to the orientation and setting an example for learners to practice and follow in order to create the necessary spiritual values in teaching and learning activities in the university education environment.

Human action of ethical worth is free and voluntary one. And ethical judgement concerning human action carries with it particular inference about the nature of man: the fact that s/he is a responsible being. This derives from man’s ontological status as reasonably acting being of care and accountability to and for one’s self and others. This qualitative research critically analyses the place of responsibility in ethical life of man. It discloses that free responsible human action is in fact deliberately rational action, and that in lived experience there is a unique logical relationship between responsibility and the quality of human society and environment. It emphasizes that maturity is an index of developed existence. It then makes the submission that the inevitability of responsibility in human existence is part and parcel of what we may call the ethical cost implicational character of our moral consciousness and freedom.

This thesis's motive is to recognize the challenges that university students face while trying to speak English because of the effect of their educational background and it aims to uphold the role of teachers to assist students in overcoming those challenges using motivation and teaching strategies according to social-psychological aspects of Applied Linguistics. The data are collected from Army-governed universities, Schools, and Colleges from a sub-district and a renowned education consultant center in Bangladesh. There were 100 participants, and it used a mixed method. The failure of students to speak English at the tertiary level, this research identifies the possible barriers and suggests some solutions that will be effective for all English speakers. In most cases, the highest obstacles are anxiety, inferiority, lack of self-motivation, and dependency on the native language in academics. It also finds that the focus is mostly given to writing skills in the mentioned institutions as well as motivation, co-curricular activities, building a friendly and interactive environment in the classroom, improving the assessment policy, and equal facilities in educational institutions can overcome these challenges. It indicates the social, economic, and psychological obstacles that may block students from Speaking English in a public place and offers some methods to build student-friendly classrooms where students' both extrinsic and intrinsic motivation can be boosted.