Funding is very critical for the sustainability of special education. Funding aids in the realization of special educational objectives. Funding of special education is affected under depressed economy. This paper looked at the concept of funding, concept of depressed economics and the concept of alternatives sources. This paper also discussed various alternatives sources of funding options available for special education in a depressed economy. Relying on secondary data that were collected from print and online publications, the paper identified public private partnerships (PPPs), non-governmental organisations (NGOs), international development agencies, community partnership, donations from individuals and charitable organisations, endowment funds, old boy association partnership as some of the alternatives sources of funding available for funding of special education in a depressed economy. Based on this, the paper recommended that special education managers should embrace public private partnerships (PPPs) model, non-governmental organisations (NGOs) strategy, international development agencies strategy, community partnership strategy, donations from individuals and charitable organisations strategy, endowment funds strategy and old boy association partnership strategy to raise more fund to administer the special education institutions in the economy depressed era.

Mathematical culture is an abstract concept in relation to fundamental characteristics in the quality and thinking of math learners. Not only does teaching math help learners obtain rules, methods, and strategies for solving the math problems in the process of math study but it also shows the learners with the reality value of learning math in tight relation to nature and society. In the context of innovations in the General Education Program in Mathematics 2018 and the educational objectives in the new era of Vietnam, teaching mathematical culture to students calls for special interest and determined action. On the basis of fundamental characteristics in the concept of Mathematics and objectives in the General Education Program in Mathematics 2018, we proposed some solutions of teaching Mathematical culture effectively by demonstrating examples in the topic: “Natural logarithm” – 6th grade Math. Teaching Mathematical culture at schools still draws little attention and emphasis. Proposing some measures of supporting teachers to overcome this difficulty shall make a positive impact on students' and teachers' awareness of the meaning and role of Mathematical culture in the process of learners’ comprehensive development.

Here we present the English translation of two texts written by Alfred Rosenberg. The first corresponds to a speech at a memorial service on the occasion of the 100th birthday of Friedrich Nietzsche on October 15, 1944. The second one is entitled ‘Shape and Life’ and was published during year 1938. This last article presents Rosenberg’s views on Ludwing Klages philosophical works.

The voluntary and willing participation of followers is a necessary prerequisite for the emergence of the leadership phenomenon. However, followers' view about leaders and leadership is usually overlooked in research. The present study therefore aims to explore teachers' opinions about the ideal school leader and the effect of leadership in education. Data for this study were collected using free text as a research tool and qualitative content analysis as a research method. Findings reflect the leadership models that participants preferred for education, the qualifications that -in their opinion- the ideal leader possesses in a school unit, as well as the influence that they estimated that leadership has in the educational field.

The aim of this study is to identify and analyze environmentally conscious approaches that can be integrated into the Islamic Religious Education (PAI) curriculum at various levels of education, from elementary to tertiary education. This research also explores teaching strategies that can be used to introduce environmental concepts within the context of PAI. The research method employed is a literature review, involving the collection and analysis of relevant literature on environmental education, the PAI curriculum, and environmentally conscious approaches in religious education. The results of this research are expected to provide guidance for the development of a more inclusive PAI curriculum regarding environmental issues, as well as practical guidelines for PAI educators to integrate environmentally conscious aspects into their teaching. This research has the potential to make a positive contribution to sustainable religious education understanding and practices, promoting environmental awareness and social responsibility among students and university students. In conclusion, the integration of environmentally conscious perspectives into the PAI curriculum can be a crucial step in preparing the younger generation to face global environmental challenges in the future.

Family characteristics and work relationships have effects on teachers’ retirement decision-making in the country. This has led to much frustrations of life for some retired teachers in Ghana. The study was guided by the following research objectives: Effects of family characteristics on retirement decision-making, the influence of work relationships on retirement decision-making and the strategies that can be put in place to improve retirement decision-making among teachers. A quantitative approach and descriptive survey design were used. The target population comprised teachers in public Basic schools in the Agona West Municipality. 150 teachers formed the sample for the study. Data was obtained using a self-developed questionnaire. It emerged from the findings that high financial demands stemming from home expenses, expectations from family members, and being first-borns hindered individuals’ ability to save and plan for their retirement. Also, it revealed that teachers in the Agona Swedru Municipal place considerable importance on their interactions with colleagues when it comes to retirement decision-making. It was found that teachers in the Agona Swedru Municipal place considerable importance on their interactions with colleagues when it comes to retirement decision-making. It was therefore recommended that retirement planning initiatives and financial education programmes should prioritize offering diverse and adaptable forms of psychoeducation and guidance to cater for the varying expectations and preferences of respondents. Educational institutions and policymakers should encourage and support peer relationships to improve retirement preparedness and satisfaction among teachers in the Municipality. Prioritize and tailor retirement planning guidance and education to address the diverse preferences and needs of respondents.