Abstract: This paper devotes to incorporating a non-monotone strategy with an adjusted trust region radius to propose a more efficient trust region approach for unconstrained optimization. The primary objective of the paper is to introduce a more relaxed trust region approach based on a novel extension in trust region ratio and radius. The global convergence is proved under some reasonable conditionst.

Abstract: In this study, we used the concept “didactical contract”, which was introduced by Guy Brousseau in 1980, as a tool for finding out the errors of students. In order to illustrate this approach, we used the type of a task: “In the space Oxyz, write the general equation of a plane (P) passing through point A(x0, y0, z0) and parallel to two straight lines: (d1) and (d2) ((d1) and (d2) are not parallel to each other)” which was mentioned in mathematics textbooks of Vietnam. We formulated the hypothesis H: there exists a rule of didactical contract: When solving the problem, students don’t verify whether (d1) and (d2) are parallel or not; therefore, students will commit errors in the case of (d1) and (d2) are parallel. The results of study showed that many students committed errors in solving the exercise because of the above didactical contract.

Abstract: Big emotion well oilfield is located in the southern songliao basin in the central depression area in the middle of the changling sag, is the jilin oil field. Have a super Yi Dun Ji large lithologic reservoir group of reserve scale, because of the oil-bearing series is more; the workload is huge, to the objective interval in sedimentary facies sedimentary origin! The study of sedimentary structure characteristics and the lithology combination characteristics Low, thus unable to on the sedimentation rule of the work area of the whole system and comprehensive research, become the region the bottle neck of lithologic reservoir exploration and development.

Abstract: Evaluation of reservoir lithology recognition technology, is the foundation of reservoir and the reservoir comprehensive evaluation, and its precision directly affects the effect of reservoir evaluation, determine the level of fluid identification, capacity evaluation and precision. Portugal's west oil field, the black temple putaohua reservoir sedimentary environment is complex, because of its sedimentary environments and different hydrodynamic conditions, cause different sand body on the rock constituents, lithology involving powder sandstone and argillaceous siltstone, silty mudstone, mudstone, etc. Based on Portugal's west oil, the black temple putaohua oil layer in the particularity of geographic, sedimentary environment, cannot copy and paraphrasing from other parts of the existing interpretation result. In the understanding of the black temple, putaohua reservoir characteristics on the basis of sedimentary environment and establish corresponding relations between logging data and rock lithology lithologic identification methods should be a more suitable research train of thought.

Hypertension recognized as silent killer, has strong relationship with hormones secreted by endocrine glands. Present study was carried out to access the level of estradiol and testosterone in male and female cardiovascular hypertensive patients and to affirm their relation with hypertension. Serum samples of Cardiovascular hypertensive patients were tested for the level of estradiol and testosterone. Male and female cardiovascular patients were recruited for this study who were having treatment in District Head Quarter hospital. Estradiol level was significantly higher (61.38pg/ml; P=0.000) in post-menopausal hypertensive females, while normal concentration (51.01pg/ml; P=0.351) was observed in ovulating hypertensive females. In cardiovascular hypertensive males elevated estradiol level (51.545pg/ml; P=0.004) was found. Level of testosterone was higher (4.509ng/ml; P=0.000) in post-menopausal hypertensive females. Testosterone level was also raised significantly (4ng/ml; P=0.000) in hypertensive females that were in ovulating phase. We observed low level of testosterone (P=0.020) in cardiovascular hypertensive males. The level of the reproductive hormones was not normal range in females and males cardiovascular hypertensive patients. Level of the testosterone was lower in males suffering from hypertension while raised in female hypertensive patients that can lead towards problems in their marital life.

Mixed dentition space analysis is very important in orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. The present study evaluated prediction methods for the estimation of size of unerupted canine & premolars, and observed any sexual dimorphism in tooth size in a local population. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 192 boys and 192 girls aged 13-15 years who met the inclusion /exclusion criteria from schools of Lahore, Pakistan. Dental impressions of both arches were made and mesiodistal widths of teeth were measured with digital vernier caliper. Students t-test, Pearson correlation coefficient analysis and simple linear regression analysis was used to statistically compare tooth size differences in arches, among genders and predict maxillary and mandibular canine and premolars width based on sum of four mandibular incisors; sum of mandibular incisors and first molar; and sum of mandibular incisors and maxillary first molar. New regression equation was formulated for each arch and sex separately based on sum of mandibular incisors and maxillary first molar. Sum of maxillary first molar and mandibular incisors showed high correlation and determination coefficient in prediction of size of unerupted canine and premolars in the study population. Significant gender difference was found in tooth size in this sample. Sum of mandibular incisors and maxillary first molar is the better predictor for estimation of size of unerupted canine and premolars in our study population. Proposed prediction equations showed good accuracy, easy application and can be used in orthodontic treatment planning in local population.

Medical students are the future health professionals and are expected to be teachers of hygiene as well as role models of self-care regimens for their patients. The objective was to assess self-reported oral health attitude and behavior among undergraduate medical students. A self-administered questionnaire based on the Hiroshima University-Dental Behavioral Inventory (HU‑DBI) was distributed among 421 undergraduate medical students which consisted of 20 dichotomous responses (Agree- Disagree). Data were analyzed. Mean HU‑DBI scores among nursing students is 5.62 (Average) which shows students have average attitudes towards oral health. This study did not show any statistical difference between male and female students (p>0.05). Furthermore, second, third and final year students had better oral health attitude and behavior especially towards gingival health, oral hygiene practices and visiting the dentist.

Changes in today’s manufacturing environment allow tedious, fatiguing and repetitive tasks to be mechanically performed by robots, as manually controlled work is transition to auto-cycle control equipment. Such changes tend to take advantage of, and expand upon, operator process knowledge. As this trend continuous, the operator’s contribution becomes more technically oriented and less physically oriented with significantly greater product output being release. A robot is a reprogrammable multifunctional manipulator designed to move material parts, tools or specialized devices through variable programmed motions for the performance of variety of tasks. The step by step control and feedback is provided by a computer program run on either an external or embedded computer or a microcontroller.

Combinations of pelvic and abdominal injuries occur in 26-50% of prisoners with MT. To 55% of pelvic injuries are accompanied by abdominal trauma. Retrospective and prospective analysis of 68 patients was carried out for the period from 2001 to 2012. Combination of abdominal trauma with bladder injury was observed in 68 patients, of them in 49 (72.1%) with pelvis bones fractures, 11 with injuries of thoracic organs, 9 with cranial injuries, 8 with injuries of extremities, 7 with spinal column injuries. Results: 47 (69.1%) patients with combined intraperitoneal traumas underwent median laparotomy for peritonitis with suturing of bladder wall rupture. In 21 (30.9%) patients intraperitoneal bladder injuries were opened by median suprapubicectoperitoneal approach. Lethality in abdominal multitraumas with bladder injuries made 16.2% (11 patients). In 9 patients lethal outcome was caused by multiple and combined trauma of the skull, chest, etremities and abdomen (liver, spleen, intestine) and urinary peritonitis in 2 patients. In early and timely diagnostics and rational operative intervention both in intra and ectoperitoneal bladder injuries adequate drainage of paravesicular cellular tissue and small pelvis contribute to decrease of various complications and lethality

The present study conducted for Aquilaria agallocha of family Thymelaeaceae for anti-arthritic activity. The ethanolic extract of Aquilaria agallocha (EEAA) leaves and the Aquilaria agallocha oil (AAO) from Heart Wood were studied using in-vitro BSA denaturation method and in-vivo Freund's adjuvant induced arthritic rat model. The inhibition of protein denaturation in-vitro model and paw volume, hematological parameters and radiology of hind legs were studied. EEAA (100, 250 and 500 µg/ml) showed 34.09%, 36.95% and 43.13% inhibition respectively and AAO (100, 250 and 500 µg/ml) showed 23.68%, 48.21% and 56.71% inhibition of protein denaturation respectively and are comparable with Diclofenac (100, 250 and 500 µg/ml) showed 39.58%, 75.83% and 77.51% . In FA Arthritic model EEAA (200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg) inhibited the increase in paw volume and maximum inhibition were 21.20% and 25.34% respectably on 21th day. The percentage of inhibition was found gradually increasing with the day of treatment. Treated group with AAO (125 mg/kg and 250 mg/kg) inhibited the increase in paw volume and maximum inhibition were 19.78% and 27.88% respectably on 13th and 21th day respectably. Further the hematological and radiological also studies revealed the antiarthritic activity of EEAA and AAO.

Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a genetic disease characterized by fragile bones, skeletal deformities and, in severe cases, prenatal death that affects more than 1 in 10,000 individuals. We report a case of a primigravida, a 24 yr old lady who presented in the emergency room of a secondary care hospital in Howrah, West Bengal, India (Silver Jubilee Matrisadan) at 36 weeks of gestation with breech presentation. Upon delivery by Em LSCS the Obstetrician & Neonatologist found that there was fracture in right femur and abnormally stunted left leg. Fracture femur during delivery was suspected. Radiological examination of both lower limbs showed fracture of right femur, with abnormal acute bowing of left femur with no associated shadow showing fracture haematoma. The neonate was transferred to a tertiary care centre for investigation and further diagnosis and management. Neonate was diagnosed to have Osteogenesis Imperfecta. This peculiar puzzling presentation which was primarily suspected as fracture of femur due to manipulation during breech delivery was subsequently diagnosed to be an undiagnosed case of osteogenesis imperfecta with intrauterine fractures

Candida fermentati SA3-7, a haploid yeast strain was treated by ultraviolet (UV) radiations and Dimethyl sulphonate (DMS) for enhanced invertase (EC 3.2.1.26) production. The UV induced mutagenesis did not produce any stable mutant with improved enzyme production. The culture was subjected to DMS treatment. The mutant DMS-4 obtained after exposure with 0.06 mg/ml of DMS for 45 min gave many fold increased enzyme production (34.12 U/ml) compared to the wild. After optimization of incubation time (48 h), sucrose concentration (5 g/l), initial pH (6.0) and inoculum size (2 % v/v, 16 h old), the enzyme production reached 45.65 U/ml with a remarkable >40 fold enhancement. On the basis of kinetic parameters markedly Qp (0.872 U/g/h), Yp/s (2.403 U/g) and qp (0.209 U/g yeast cells/h), it was concluded that the mutant was a hyper producer of enzyme and has a faster growth rate. The rate of volumetric production was 25 fold improved over the parental strain. The enhancement in the enzyme production is highly significant (HS, LSD 0.045, p≤0.05).

The present study involves assessment of water quality of Kshipra river by use of control chart, water quality index (WQI), physico-chemical and microbiological analysis. Samples were collected from five sites of the river for a period of one year. The main purpose of the study is to provide a baseline data regarding pollution control, management and improvement of water quality of this river before Mahakumbh 2016. Analysis of various parameters like dissolved oxygen (DO), chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD), total coliform (TC), fecal coliform (FC), turbidity, transparency, total alkalinity, total hardness, chloride, calcium was performed.WQI values ranged from 284.0-1112.34 and shows all study site to be under pollution stress. Results of the present investigation showed that water quality of the river is more deteriorated during summer followed by monsoon and winter season. Control chart model is applied for the first time in the analysis of water quality, as it provides a clear pictorial view about the pollution status of the river. The sample mean values in control chart cross lower and upper limits consistently in all seasons and at all study site, indicating very poor water quality. Higher pollution load was observed in Ramghat followed by Managalnath, Triveni, Mahidpur and Kshipra village study sites. According to CPCB water of Kshipra river is found to be of D class and river is observed to be under great pollution stress. Immediate remedial measures are recommended to control pollution and improve water quality of the river which is important for proper management and conservation of this holy river.

Features of Type A are common among physicians and may be related to the experience of stress. We aimed to assess the prevalence of features of Type A and the level of declared vs. objectively measured stress among young, healthy men and women studying medicine. 130 healthy female (age: 23±2; BMI: 20.9±2.4 kg/m2) and 71 male (age: 22±2 years; BMI: 24.3±3.3 kg/m2) medicine students completed the Polish versions of: the Framingham Type A Scale, The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) and the Sense of Stress Questionnaire (SSQ, with 3 subscales assessing: emotional tension, external stress and internal stress). Moreover, we measured the level of cortisol (the ‘stress’ hormone) in saliva. Results in both questionnaires assessing perceived stress did not correlate with the level of cortisol (both p>0.05). In both genders, features of Type A were positively related to the perceived stress (PSS-10: accordingly, r=0.6 and r=0.5; SSQ: r=0.6 and r=0.6; all p<0,001), but not with the level of cortisol (p>0.05). Development of the pattern of behavior called Type A personality-behaviour might be related to the conviction of experiencing stress rather than to its actual level measured objectively. Such observation could be valuable for physicians who experience extremely high level of stress during their work.

Abstract: Taking a certain dense pattern test area in Daqing oil field as an example, the use of small layer contrast, sedimentary microfacies and single sand identification technology, combined with modern sedimentary model and the outcrop research results and cores, referred to c logging and dynamic data and empirical formula, densely well pattern anatomy and dyad well analysis, summed up internal architecture model of the point bar in the study area. And under the guidance of the model, the author provides the basis for further tapping the potential and development in oil field.