In the present investigation, a series of Schiff bases of substituted 4-Amino- 5 –Phenyl-2, 4- dihydro - [1, 2, 4] - triazole -3 –thione were synthesized and evaluated for their anticonvulsant activity and neurotoxicity study. The structures of the synthesized Schiff bases were confirmed by IR, 1H-NMR, and elemental analysis. In anticonvulsant chemo shock method, all the compounds were tested against three chemical stimulants strychnine, thiosemicarbazide and Isonicotinic acid hydrazide (INH) at a dose of 30,100,300 mg/kg at 0.5h to 2hrs time slot and also successfully passed the rotarod test without any sign of neurological defects. The compounds 4A-i, 4A-j, 4A-k, and 4B-i were observed to be most active for anticonvulsant activity while compounds 4A-b, 4A-f, 4A-g, and 4A-h were showing moderate activity. Results indicated that compounds with menthone, camphor derivatives and having chloro-substituted aldehydes/ ketones showed good anticonvulsant activity. Therefore, these derivatives may possible to use as lead compounds for other biological activities also. Overall, the synthesized compounds emerged as more active and less neurotoxic derivatives

The aim of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of different types of gingivitis and periodontitis and their distribution in males and females for patients attended to periodontal clinic over 15 months from October, 2015 to December, 2016.1)To evaluate the severity and incidence of those disease among group sexes and how specifically affect each sex group.2)To estimate the periodontal health condition of the community from the study sample.3)To instruct them about the importance of periodontal health and good oral hygiene.4)To make this study a reference study for comparison for other studies. The study was conducted on 1273 patients who attended periodontics clinic, ArAr dental center over 15 months from October, 2015 to December 2016. The sample consisted of 748 male patients and 525 female patients with age vary from 15 to 69. Information on sex, age, systemic diseases, medical history, dental history and periodontal status were obtained (probing, radiographs, plaque and gingival indices). According to data analyzed, gingivitis was more predominant than periodontitis and males are more affected by both gingivitis and periodontitis.

Abstract: Postpartum haemorrhage is the leading cause of maternal mortality at a worldwide scale. The postpartum morbid consequences include problems, such as postpartum infection, anaemia, perineal tears, urinary tract infection, and depression; others defined in the literature as long-term morbidities/disabilities include incontinence, fistula, pelvic inflammatory disease, genital prolapse, hypertension, haemorrhoids, nerve damage, pituitary failure, anaemia, and infertility. Information on postpartum morbidity in developing countries is limited and, when available, usually describes the type of medical conditions diagnosed at the hospital level. The maternal includes different short-and long-term morbid conditions that can result from acute obstetric complications or poor management at delivery. Many of the maternal morbidities and disabilities may arise during delivery or in the first 1-2 week(s)following delivery and can become chronic if not cared for appropriately. The aim of this study was to review the literature on signs and symptoms of post-partum morbidity.

PRF along with various additives like Bone graft (BG) and Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) enhances periapical healing. This comparative clinical study was taken up to evaluate the periapical healing potential of plasma rich fibrin (PRF) as scaffold along with MTA and bone graft. Two patients with a history of trauma and large periapical radiolucent lesion were selected for this study. After access opening and biomechanical preparation, involved teeth were obturated with gutta percha using AH plus sealer. Subsequently periapical surgery was carried out and PRF was prepared by collecting blood from the patients. In the first patient, a mixture of PRF and MTA was placed into the periapical defect, while in the second patient a mixture of PRF and BG was placed. At 1 month, 3 month, 6 month and 1 year follow up was done for evaluation of clinical and radiographic healing. Both the patients remained clinically asymptomatic. Radiographically healing was found to be better with PRF and BG combination.

Abstract: Sickle cell disease is one of the commonest reasons for hospital admissions in Bahrain and it considered one of the most significant causes of morbidity and mortality. However, HRQOL in SCD patients is not well studied in this part of the world. SF 36 questionnaire was administered to a total of 1886 participants, through manual and online methods in Salmanya Medical comlex and health centers outpatient’s clinics, general society, and through SCD society, out of which 168 were excluded. Of the participants, 420 (24.4%) had SCD, 607 (35.3%) had chronic disease and 691 (40.2%) were disease free. SCD respondents scored significantly lower than the other two groups in HRQOL in all domains of SF-36, with the following means in role-physical 34.1 (SD 36.1), role-emotional 40.6 (SD 41.0) and general health 44.7 (SD 17.7) affected mostly P ≤ 0.001. Adults with SCD in Bahrain showed significant impairment in all domains of HRQOL when compared to the general population. We would recommend conducting further researches to evaluate the factors that may influence the HRQOL in SCD patients.

Damage of a dental needle during local anesthesia is very rare complication nowadays. We present such an occurrence in which the needle was lost in the pterygomandibular space during routine dental practice. Patient was referred to Oral & Maxillofacial surgery department where he was treated and the needle was removed. Postoperative period was uneventful. We attribute this to the utility of Cone Beam Computed Imaging that made the exact locating of the needle in the soft tissues possible. We underline the significance of CBCT to precisely locate the broken needle and to facilitate its surgical retrieval.

Smoking is recognized as one of the major risk factors for chronic periodontitis. RANKL/OPG axis is involved in the regulation of bone metabolism in periodontitis. The objective is to study the effect of smoking on salivary levels of RANKL and OPG in chronic periodontitis. Fifty five subjects with chronic periodontitis with ages range from 24-64 years and 25 apparently healthy volunteers their ages and sexes were matched with the patients were participated in this study. Patients who smoked a minimum of 10 cigarettes per day for 2 years were included in the smoker periodontitis group (25), the remainder of the patients who never smoked were assigned to the non smoker periodontitis group (30). Saliva samples were collected from all patients and control the levels of salivary level of RANKL and OPG were determined using enzyme linked immunosorbent assays. The current findings were showed that there are no significant differences in median levels of RANKL and OPG between smokers and non-smokers patients, (p>0.05). In addition there are no significant differences in ratio of RANKL/OPG between smokers and nonsmokers groups of patients (p>0.05). The present study revealed that cigarette smoking had no effect on the salivary levels of RANKL and OPG.

Fungal lung infections due to Geotrichum are opportunistic, usually occurring on an immunosuppressed person, particularly severe neutropenia, or an imbalance of the normal microbial flora. Geotrichum capitatum is the most widely reported species in human pathology.We report case of pulmonary geotrichosis due to Geotrichum capitatum in a patient with a chronic pulmonary disease type of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

Friction stir welding (FSW) is proved as a promising welding technology for joining dissimilar aluminium alloys. Aluminium alloys are used extensively within the aerospace industry for applications such as fuselage and wing skin panels due to their high strength to weight ratio. Therefore, an attempt is made to optimize the process parameters of friction stir welding using AA2024 and AA6061 age hardenable aluminum alloys in order to improve the tensile properties such as ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and tensile elongation (TE). A response surface method (RSM) based fuzzy grey relational approach (Fuzzy - GRA) is applied using four factors with three levels. The process parameters namely rotational speed (N), welding speed (F), axial load (P) and pin shape (PS). The results indicate a RSM based fuzzy grey relational approach improving tensile properties of FS welded AA2024 and AA6061 aluminum alloys when comparing to conventional grey relational approach. A quadratic relationship was also established between the process parameters and fuzzy grey relational grade.

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Multidisciplinary approach is required for the management of paediatric mandible fractures. Any fault in the treatment might lead to asymmetry of the mandible followed by temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis. Etiology links to road traffic accidents, fall, sports injuries and interpersonal violence. Condyle is most commonly involved followed by symphysis, body and angle of the mandible. Treatment options include conservative management, closed reduction and open reduction-internal fixation. In this scientific article, we present a case report of a 12 year old female with fracture of right parasymphysis and left body of the mandible managed by open reduction-internal fixation - intermaxillary fixation whereas the right sagittal split of condylar head managed conervatively.

Periodontal disease is the second most prevalent clinical entity among oral diseases, and is recognized as a serious public health problem. Osseous destruction as a result of periodontal disease is classified according to clinical criteria into horizontal (or even) and angular (or vertical) osseous destruction. The detection and accurate assessment of the location, extent and configuration of the endosseous defect is important for the determination of the tooth prognosis, the treatment plan and the maintenance procedures. Radiographic examination is a complementing mean of great importance to obtain the diagnosis of periodontitis, even though it does not reveal the real state of cellular activity, but shows the consequences upon dento alveolar structures.

This study examines whether the undergraduate accounting students in a Malaysian public university are experiencing stress and if yes, seeks to understand the reasons as to why the students experience stress during their course of study. Using a case study qualitative approach, this study found two main themes that relate to high stress level among the accounting students namely, academic related and non-academic related. Most of the students agreed that the main cause to their high stress level is attributed by their academic study. They agreed that overload of subjects and deadlines of submitting assignments and projects are the main causes for stress. In addition, irrelevant subjects and time spent to attend to academic events and activities have caused them to study last minute and consequently, put them under stress. The way they have to study for their degree is also very much different from the way they studied during their diploma. The students noted that much of their study during their diploma was based on memorizing compared to the degree level that requires application and critical thinking. Surprisingly, the students noted that accounting is not their preferred course. In relation to non-academic, the students experience stress as they have consistent thoughts of what their future may be, whether they would be able to obtain a job upon graduation and also on the current economy and political situation. The findings in this study sheds some lights to the university and the academics on the reasons to the students‟ high stress level and subsequently, provide some strategies to assist the students in overcoming their stress level and improve their performance.

The urinary tract infection is one of the most common infections acquired in community and hospital. The emergence of the acquired resistance of bacteria to antibiotics remains an important issue relevant to antimicrobial strategies. The Purpose of this paper is to review the frequency of isolation and the evolution of the resistance to antibiotics of the tree strains of Escherichia coli causing community urinary tract infections. It is a retrospective study made in the laboratory of microbiology of the university hospital center HASSAN II of Fez, concerning germs isolated from 5287 positive Bacteriological examination of urine (BEU) collected between 2010 and 2016 and diagnosed in consulting externs. Enterobacteriaceae were responsible for 84 % of the community urinary tract infections. The women were more touched (sex ratio F/H = 1, 66). Escherichia coli dominated the epidemiological profile (62 %). The antibiotic resistance of the tree strains of E. coli isolated highlighted rates of resistance to amoxicillin (64 %), to ciprofloxacine (59 %), to association amoxicillin-acid clavulonic (46 %), to sulfamethoxazole-triméthropime (42 %), to gentamicine (25 %), and to amikacine (14 %). The number of tree strains of E.coli resistant to third generation cephalosporins by production of B-lactamases with widened spectre"ESBL -producing" was 258, that is an average frequency of 5.8 % of all the enterobacteriaceae isolated. No resistance to imipeneme was registered for the tree strains of E. coli isolated whitch means that the sensibility to imipeneme is of 100 %. All these results showed an increase of the multiresistance of Escherichia coli in community environment which could be due to the excessive use of antibiotics in the medical domain. A regular surveillance of the resistance to antibiotics is essential to define effective and appropriate therapeutic strategies, limiting the emergence and the scattering of the multiresistant tree strains.

The experiment was carried out at Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Regional Station, Comilla, Bangladesh to determine the seeding interval of most promising parental lines of hybrid rice during boro 2009-10 season. The seeding interval between A (Cytoplasmic genetic male sterile line) and R (Restorer line) lines were determined by growth duration difference (GDD), leaf number difference (LND) and effective accumulated temperature (EAT) method. Five A lines and 12 R lines were used in this experiment. In 5 A lines, the days to 50% flowering ranged from 120 to 135 days and in 12 R lines, it ranged from 127 to 139 days. The leaf number varied from 15.07 to 18.63 and from 17.05 to 19.89 in the A and R lines, respectively. Among the A line, the EAT ranged from 1069 to 12910C and 1174 to 13510C in R lines. The growth duration differences between A and R lines varied found from 1 to 19 days. Similarly, the leaf number differences between A and R lines were from 0 to 4.82. The seeding differences between A and R lines in terms of EAT were from 13.50 to 282.20C.