The translation of English for science and technology (abbreviation for EST) in the internet era caters to the needs of the market and boasts a promising prospect. EST is a kind of informational text characterized by its scientific seriousness, requiring the translator to demonstrate the accuracy and logicality in translated text. Results show that the figure-ground theory can be well applied to spatial orientation analysis, temporal event analysis, and syntactic analysis. Regarding the complex sentences, Tamly put forward five principles of figure-ground theory including sequence principle, cause-result principle, inclusion principle, contingency principle and substitution principle. Taking petroleum EST as the research object, this paper applies the five related principles to the syntactic analysis of long and complex sentences with examples.

Iron craft is a society cultural heritage that has to be preserved. There are many factors working on the sustainability of domestic iron craft industry. This research aims to investigate those factors. The primary data were collected through the field observation, deep interviews, surveys, and documentation. The secondary data were obtained from literature reviews. Those data were deeply analized by qualitative method. The result of this research reveals some factors obstracting the rise of iron craft productivity which are human resourses, management, and finishing. The decreasing number of labors working in this industry and the absence of potential future Iron craftmen as well as the inadequate tecnology application to do the finishing process. Good management practise is required to develop the iron craft business. The values believed by the blacksmiths are family values, community values, and cultural values. The trade off of technology application replacing the labors potentially decrease the current values. On the other hand, technology is requaired to increase the productivity.

The prosthetic considerations for treatment of partially edentulous patients involve evaluation of important aspects such as presence of certain functional or skeletal deficits, orientation of the occlusal plane, free-way space, size and location of edentulous areas, number, strategic location and quality of the likely abutment teeth, vertical dimension, and the type of occlusion. A comprehensive evaluation, multidisciplinary approach and a sequential treatment plan, worked out in harmony with the patient’s perceptions are important factors to ensure a successful outcome. One of the major conditions faced for full mouth rehabilitation is the severely worn dentition. In the present era with increased life expectancy, improved dental care, increased retention of teeth and increased awareness about oral health number of patients with generalized worn dentition have increased. This case report presents a case of partially edentulous bilateral jaws in which full mouth rehabilitation was done using implants and tooth supported prosthesis.

Infertility has remained a major health problem among couples and sexually active individuals who seek to procreate, and the search for therapeutic solutions have remained endless. This led to the consumption of moringa oleifera as fertility aid. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of ethanolic extract of moringa oleifera seeds and leaves on pregnancy. Eighty-four (84) albino rats comparing of 56 females and 28 males, which acclimatised for two weeks and mated in ratio of 2 females to 1 male, the pregnant female rats were then divided into 7 Groups of 7; All rats were weighed on a daily basis throughout the research period. Group 1- Control (10ml/kg body weight/day of vehicle [Tween 80] orally). Groups 2-4 (Seed extract at dose level of 100, 200 and 400mg/kg body weight/day respectively), Groups 5-7 (Seed extract at dose level of 100, 200 and 400mg/kg body weight/day respectively). Administration was carried out throughout the gestation period. The blood samples were collected for hormonal assay and under standard aesthetic conditions. From the results it was observed that the moringa oleifera leave and seed extract caused resorption of the foetus with decrease in weight in a dose dependent manner; however, there was no disruption of the normal gestation. The levels of FSH and LH for animals treated with 400mg/kg were significantly lower than those of 200mg/kg, 100mg/kg and the control group. In conclusion, the ethanol extract of both the leaf and seed of moringa oleifera has shown abortifacient effect and therefore not advise for consumption during pregnancy.

This study aimed to determine the prevalence and risk factors of the neck and back pain among students and staff of the Dental centre, University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital (UPTH). This study was conducted among one hundred subjects, comprising of ten consultants, eight residents, fourteen house officers, fortythree dental students, fifteen dental surgery assistants, four therapists and six technologists. Evaluation of the subjects with self-administered questionnaires was done, which comprised subjects’ biodata, posture during work, rest period at work, exercise during rest and location of pain. Pain severity was assessed using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) (0 -10) pain scores. Fifty-eight percent of the participants were female, with male to female ratio of 1:1.34 and mean age was 30.23±8.49years. Seventy-six percent (76%) had experienced back pain with neck pain predominating in 38.2% followed by upper back pain (31.6%). There was no statistical difference between the percentage of males (76.2%) and females (75.9%) that have experienced musculoskeletal pain. According to the cadre of the respondents; 100% of residents, 90% of consultants, 86.7% of DSA and 83.3% of dental technologist have experienced musculoskeletal pain in their practice. Only 14.5% of the respondents had missed practice due to pain. Majority (49.0%) compromised their posture while working and only 9% do any form of exercise during rest period. There is a high prevalence of neck and back pain among dental professionals in this study. Years of practice, number of patients seen per day and posture plays a vital role. Hence, a review of the practice of dentistry is needed.

Abstract: Fasting for at least eight hours prior to a lipid test has been standard practice in India and internationally for many years. However, a growing body of evidence and international expert opinion suggests that a non-fasting lipid profile can be used in most situations. Factors That Contribute to an Individual’s Usual Cholesterol Level: The National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) has the following recommendations to ensure that individual lipid measurements are clinically useful. Individuals should be on their regular diet and their weight should be stable for at least 2 weeks before their lipids or lipoproteins are measured. Patient preparation and blood collection procedures should be standardized according to these guidelines: Variation in lipid values- Age and gender, Posture, Venous Occlusion, Anticoagulants. Prolonged tourniquet application (2–5 min) can increase cholesterol from 5 to 15%. Biological variation is <5% for cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and HDL cholesterol and 20 to 30% for triglycerides, Considerable variation can occur from one assay to another between clinical laboratories, For patient care, it is important to know if the LDL is calculated or is measured directly, In order to compare results from different laboratories, it is important to know which assay method is utilized, If patient is non-fasting, a direct LDL test is recommended, Sudden changes in lipid values may indicate a change in diet, medications, or onset of a new disease state. When attempting to answer whether fasting or non fasting lipids are most appropriate, it is important to first think carefully about the clinical scenario and consider what question is to be answered with the results.

This study aims to analyze the accountability process of the performance of government officials in the service of electronic Resident Identity Card (e-KTP) in Bantaeng Regency and analyze aspects that affect the accountability of the performance of government officials in the service of E-KTP in Bantaeng Regency. This research was carried out in Bantaeng Regency using qualitative approach, which is a method that has several theoretical perspectives with the type of case study. The research shows that the accountability of the performance of local government apparatus in e-KTP service at the Bantaeng Regency Population and Civil Registration Service still needs to be improved if it refers to several accountability indicators namely legal accountability and honesty, process accountability, program accountability, and policy accountability of the four indicators, indicators of local government must be able to improve the quality of the performance of the apparatus, especially from aspects of the process and program, although on the other hand there are some obstacles to the apparatus in carrying out their duties, functions and authority from these indicators. Indicators of legal accountability and honesty as well as policy accountability have run quite well, but these advantages must always be maintained in order to provide maximum service to the people of Bantaeng Regency.

Abstract: Some meat and dairy products contain small amounts of naturally occurring trans fat. But most trans fat is formed through an industrial process that adds hydrogen to vegetable oil, which causes the oil to become solid at room temperature. This partially hydrogenated oil is less likely to spoil, so foods made with it have a longer shelf life. Some restaurants use partially hydrogenated vegetable oil in their deep fryers, because it doesn't have to be changed as often as do other oils. High intakes of industrial trans fatty acids (iTFA) increase circulating low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels, which has implicated iTFA in coronary heart disease (CHD) risk. Published data on iTFA and LDL-C, however, represent higher intake levels than the U.S. population currently consume. Number of studies is under process. Findings indicated that a wide range of oils and interventions were used, limiting the ability to determine an isolated effect of iTFA intake. Further, it appears that few dose-response data points are available to assess the relationship of low levels of iTFA, particularly from PHO exposure, and LDL-C. Therefore, limited evidence is available to determine the effect of iTFA at current consumption levels on CHD risk.

Indonesia is one of the countries with a large number of corruption cases. Criminal acts of corruption in Indonesia have been pervasive and have entered into all walks of life. Its development continues to increase from year to year, in the number of cases that occur and the amount of state financial losses and regarding the quality of criminal acts of corruption carried out more systematically that has entered aspects of community life. Increased uncontrolled corruption will bring impacts that are not only limited to the life of the national economy but also to the life of the nation and state in general. This study uses a normative and empirical juridical approach. Normative research is carried out on the theoretical matters of legal principles relating to law enforcement in the case of corruption in Indonesia. This research method uses several approaches to produce a reasonable conclusion. The strategy of prosecuting policies in certain crimes must pay attention to the nature of the problem. If the nature of the problem is more on economic or trade issues, it should take precedence over sanctions for action and/or fines. The formulation of sanctions between Article 2 and Article 3 of this Law is contrary to the general provisions concerning sanctions regulated in the Criminal Code. In the Criminal Code determines if an act is carried out because of position and violates the authority. It is a criminal weight, while in this law in Article 3 which is an act as stipulated in Article 2 but carried out by misusing the authority, opportunity or means that exists because of the position or position but the threat is lighter than in Article 2. If the special law makes a particular minimum criminal threat, then it must be accompanied by rules/guidelines for its application such as comparative problems between specific minimums and maximal in particular. There should be a unique pattern that should be followed in other Article formulations. For example in Article 2 paragraph (1) the comparison is 1: 4 while in Article 3 the comparison is 1:20. There should be a similar pattern applied in each Article in the formulation of specific minimum provisions.

Ileal perforation is a common complication of Typhoid in developing countries other causes includes tuberculosis, trauma, and enteritis. Non-traumatic perforation is a challenge for surgeons because of considerable morbidity and mortality. This study tried to evaluate the etiology and clinical outcomes of surgical management for all the cases of non-traumatic ileal perforation. This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of General Surgery, Prathima Institute of Medical Sciences, Naganoor, Karimnagar. Inclusion criteria were all the patients above 15 years undergoing surgery for ileal perforation. Excluded patients were those with appendicular perforations, peritonitis, and traumatic perforations. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria of 21 male and 17 female patients were included in the study. A thorough clinical examination of the patient including vital signs, abdominal distension, guarding and tenderness was done and noted. The laboratory investigations included Hemoglobin, BT & CT, and serum creatinine. Chest X rays, ECG, Blood culture and WIDAL tests were done to diagnose patients with typhoid. Results: In the present study out of 22 male patients 17 were diagnosed with typhoid perforation and 5 were a non-specific perforation. In the 17 females, 15 were diagnosed with typhoid perforation and 2 were non-specific perforations. The surgical approach for the management included primary closure in the total of 25 (64.10%) male and female patients followed by Ileostomy in 8 (20.51%), Ileo Transverse Anastomosis in 4 (10.26%) and resection anastomosis in 2 (5.12%) of cases. Conclusion: Within the limitations of the present study it can be concluded that typhoid ileal perforations are common in the group of patients reaching our hospital. The operative treatment for intestinal perforations should be based on several factors including operative findings. Early surgery with skilled surgeons and good postoperative care will result in reduced morbidity and mortality.

Part-time students are distracted by too many competing demands on their time because of work or family commitments. As a result they are not as involved as other students. This is problematic because what students gain from their college experience depends a lot on how much time and effort students put into their educationally purposeful activities. This study sought to find out challenges encountered by part-time students in selected public universities in Kenya. The study was based on student engagement theory. Data was collected from part-time students, games tutors, deans of students, officials of clubs and societies. Simple random sampling was used to select students while purposeful sampling was used to select games tutors, deans of students and officials of clubs and societies. Data was collected using questionnaires, focus group discussions and interview schedules. The analysis of the qualitative data followed the path of aggregating the words or images into categories of information and presented the diversity of ideas gathered during data collection. The study established that majority of the part-time students lacked time to participate in social activities in the universities. They spent most of their time travelling or looking for means of transport. The study further established that part-time students lacked information on the social activities in the university that they could participate in. It is hoped that the findings of the study will be useful to university management in understanding the part-time students’ social needs and satisfaction predictors so as to keep part-time students more engaged with their academic work and perform well in their examinations.

Sickle cell disease is a chronic, inherited disorder. Complications from SCD place patients at risk for poor psychosocial adaptation, including symptoms of depression anxiety and stress. To measure the prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress in adults with sickle cell anemia in the Kingdom of Bahrain, and to study the factors related to the development of depression, anxiety and stress in these patients, we did a cross-sectional study that involved administering Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-21). A total number of 343 patients above 18 years, with sickle cell disease were recruited by convenient sampling from Salmaniya medical complex, health centers and sickle cell disease society. Participants also completed a survey of demographic data with specific inquiries about common sickle cell anemia risk factors and complications. From 343 participants (199 males &144 females) 53.9% were depressed, 70.8% had anxiety and 51.6% were stressed. A significant association was seen for depression and female gender(p-value 0.041), lower educational level (p-value 0.005), unemployment (p-value 0.01), number of emergency visits (p-value 0.008), hospital admissions (p-value 0.005) and medications like anti-depressants (p-value <0.001). Similarly, anxiety was significantly associated with female gender (p-value 0.031), unemployment (p-value 0.017), hospital admissions (p-value 0.047) and medications (like MST, codalgin and anxiolytics). Stress, however, was not found to be associated with any of the socio-demographic factors but was significantly associated with number of emergency visits (p-value 0.001), hospital admissions (p-value 0.008) and medications (like MST, codalgin and anxiolytics). We found the prevalence of depression to be (53.9%), anxiety (70.8%) and stress (51.6 %) among the studied population. Screening of sickle cell anemia patients for depression, anxiety and stress symptoms is recommended at regular intervals

Exchange rate is an important macroeconomic variable that economic planners, policymakers as well as governments all over the world monitor very closely. This may be because volatility in exchange rate is capable of putting an entire nation in an acute state of disequilibrium. In Nigeria, economists and other stakeholders have continued to make relevant efforts to restore normalcy/stability to the nation’s exchange rate that has been subjected to severe rate of volatility in recent years. The Nigerian industrial sector remains a potentially viable alternative amidst the incessant widespread calls for diversification of the Nigerian economy. As such, it is not against conventional wisdom to say that since industrialisation may involve importation (of raw materials), exportation (of finished goods) or both; one may not be wrong to expect a link with exchange rate. Therefore, this study investigated the relationship between exchange rate volatility and industrial sector performance in Nigeria using quarterly time series data spanning from 1980Q1 to 2016Q4. The researchers relied on the use of OLS multiple regression technique for analysis while exchange rate volatility was generated using Exponential Generalised Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (EGARCH). The result showed that exchange rate volatility is inversely related to industrial sector performance (using industrial sector contribution to GDP as a proxy) in Nigeria. Furthermore, trade openness was observed to have a negative sign (though statistically insignificant) while exchange rate and interest were also found to be strong and significant positive drivers of industrial sector performance in Nigeria. Following the findings, the Nigeria government and other stakeholders are advised to hasten efforts to arrest the perennial fluctuations in exchange rate in the country in order to stimulate expansion of productivity in industrial sector.

Glomerulonephritis (GN) is a common cause of end stage renal disease (ESRD). Electron microscopic studies bestowed significantly to the understanding of the pathogenesis of the disease process in GN. Its value has been strongly confirmed in diagnosis of glomerular diseases. To establish the role of electron microscopy in the diagnosis of glomerular diseases, in order to introduce services and to improve the histopathological standards of diagnosis of renal disease. Different patterns of EM in the different types of glomerular diseases in 132 renal biopsies from patients with glomerular diseases were evaluated. These specimens were stained and examined under the light microscopy (LM) then compared by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) findings. The most frequent types of glomerular disease was minimal change disease (22.7%), followed by lupus nephritis (20.5%). LM failed to diagnose the minimal change disease and Alport’s syndrome. In this study EM was found necessary in diagnosis of 37 cases (28%), supportive in diagnosis of 17 cases (12.9%) and not required in 79 (59.8%) of cases. The current study supported what had been concluded in the previous studies; EM still has an integral role and necessary for diagnosis of certain glomerularpathies e.g. minimal change disease.

According to the development trend of the transportation industry and rapid economic growth, China has carried out strategic layout and planning routes for the transportation industry. The National Development and Reform Commission have also issued a number of documents that promote the construction of a modern transportation system, and promote transportation projects such as railways, waterways, airports, and urban transportation. Besides, it continuously invests large amounts of money in companies in the transportation industry. The mission of companies in the transportation industry is of great importance. It can be seen that China’s transportation industry is at a stage of rapid development, and it has received strong support from the government. Nevertheless, it still has a long way to go. To improve the transportation infrastructure of the nation, companies in the transportation industry must strive to improve their corporate performance. This paper empirically investigates the impact of factors such as financial factors, internal operations, and corporate growth on the corporate performance of listed companies in the transportation industry, with the aim of helping listed companies in the transportation industry to develop a sound corporate strategy and conduct standardized and effective management to improve corporate performance. This paper selects data of 42 listed companies in the transportation industry from 2012 to 2016, and utilizes the fixed effect model that controls heteroskedasticity to analyze influencing factors of the corporate performance of listed companies in the transportation industry. Empirical results show that core ratio, return on personnel, long-term debt ratio, and quality of staff positively influences the corporate performance of listed companies in the transportation industry. Factors such as operation cost ratio, managerial cost ratio, size, and delay ratio have a negative impact on the corporate performance of listed companies in the transportation industry. Policy implications are proposed accordingly.