Aim: To assess the effects of a voluntary, community-oriented campaign using social media through a multidisciplinary approach on body weight. Setting and Design: A survey, community-oriented using popular social media accounts. Methods: 268 followers from the community participated in the study using a questionnaire, which was constructed by a study group and self-filled online using google drive. Results: A total of 268 followers participated in the study. A healthy program had been applied by 43.3% of the survey respondents, consisting of a unified healthy diet and mild-moderate intensity exercises for less than a year, while only 13.1% applied it for more than a year. Almost half the survey respondents (48.5%) followed the campaign for less than one year, and 41.8% for more than one year. There were changes in diet and nutritional habits on the followers, after following/applying the healthy program. Their habit of practicing physical activities was improved. The voluntary community campaign raised awareness among participants and produced positive psychological eating behavioral changes. Conclusion: There was a significant difference in weight reduction after following the healthy program for more than one year and to a lesser extent for those who followed it for less than one year.

Assembly line balancing (ALB) is used in many industries to minimize the number of stations, improve the efficiency and work load balance among stations. Enhanced Genetic Algorithm (EGA) is proposed using precedence preservative crossover and scramble mutation techniques, aiming to minimize two objectives; number of stations as a primary objective and smoothing index as a secondary objective. Benchmark problems were selected from the literature, used to test the efficacy of the algorithm and to compare the results with the well-known algorithm SALOME. The results showed high efficacy while handling two objectives. It outperformed SALOME in work load balance and efficiency. On the other, EGA outperformed the Genetic Algorithm (GA) developed by [1] in minimizing the number of stations.

Mucormycosis is an opportunistic fungal infection primarily caused by fungi belongs to class Zygomycetes, order Mucorales and family Mucoracae. It is common in patient with diabetes mellitus (DM), systemic immunocompromise and iron overload. Here by we present a case report of Rhino- Orbito Cerebral Mucormycosis which is fatal if undiagnosed and unterated in correct time and way.

Generalise gravity model used to evaluate the effect of exchange rate volatility and exchange rate regime on bilateral exports of Pakistan. A bilateral data set of major exports partners the USA, UK, UAE, Hong Kong and Germany for period 1982 to 2015 used in a panel framework. ARCH, GARCH, moving average standard deviation methods used for measuring volatility in bilateral exchange rate. The results found conclude that economics size (GDPJ/GDPPAK) has a significant positive effect. Distance (DIS) and relative prices (RP) are significant negative effects; exchange rate volatility and free-floating exchange rate regime have a significant positive effect on aggregate bilateral exports of major trading partners of Pakistan.

Objectives: The study was planned to evaluate the role of morphometric analysis of foramen magnum in determining sexual dimorphism. Also, we have compared the measurement of foramen magnum with age of individual. Material & Methods: study was retrospectively and scans of CBCT were retrieved from archives of department. Length and width of foramen magnum in adults was measured. The data was statistically analyzed. Results: Mean length and width of foramen magnum was greater in males (34.65mm, 31.22mm) as compare to females (33.59mm, 30.11mm) and it was statistically significant (p<0.05). Mean length decreased in dimension i.e. from 35.22mm to 33.73mm as age progressed (18-60 years). Conclusion: Sexual dimorphism can be determined using foramen magnum dimensions. However, age estimation by morphometric analysis of foramen magnum requires more research.

This paper addresses the importance of kinesitherapy in improving coxarthrosis. Coxarthrosis is also known under the names of hip arthrosis and hip osteoarthrosis and it represents a degradation of the hip joints caused by a morphological and functional lack of balance, being the most frequent hip disorder. The aim of this work is to propose a kinesitherapy programme that slows down the evolution of joint injuries, in the presence of a physical therapist, but also a potential use of the respective programme in the situation of the necessity of an intervention through kinesitherapy in the absence of a specialised physical therapist, because in progressive degenerative diseases, patients are obliged to continue their programme at home. Following the development of the experimental kinetic programme, the subjects were evaluated by means of the Lequesne questionnaire for hip arthrosis, the control of active and passive joint mobility; global muscular power was tested, and on the basis of Trendelenburg’s sign.

Stem cells are biological cells that are undifferentiated and can be differentiate into specialized cells. They are of embryonic or adult stem cell. Another classification is dental pulp and bone marrow- derived. Bone marrow type stem cells are commonly used for regenerative procedures in prosthodontics. They have excellent regenerative ability without neoplasm formation. They help to build the bone structures of the craniofacial region, particularly the maxilla and mandible. Stem cell therapy can revolutionize next era in regenerative prosthodontics.

Claim has always been made that thought and language are inseparatable phenomena. Accordingly, major debate has revolved around the dependence or interdependence of language and thought. Based on linguistic relativity hypothesis, our perception of reality depends on the language we speak. The counterclaim has also been made that languages are not so much different and this makes us skeptical of the idea that their speakers have different thoughts. Some hold the belief that language may not serve a proper medium for thought, mentioning extralinguistic drawbacks such as ambiguity, deixis, and co-reference. All in all, it seems rational to maintain that thought and language have compromised to coexist and attempts to prioritize one over the other are mythical if not too much simplistic.

This research paper deals a study of the portraits of black women as wives involves an understanding of the role of women as wives in Africa in the pre-colonial times. This is necessary as certain notions about womanhood persist even today in the post-colonial Africa. Black women in the U.S.A. have their roots in Africa as their ancestors were taken mostly from the West Coast of Africa to work as slave’s n the plantations of America. Their ideas about the role of men and women were shattered by the system of slavery and very little remained of their traditional roles that affected man-woman relationship. The most important factor with regard to the women in traditional society is their roles as mothers. The importance given to mothers and the high regard in which they were held has been explained in Chapter II. Filomina Chioma Steady points out that “women are important as wives and mothers since their reproductive capacity is crucial to the maintenance of the husband’s lineage and it is because of women than men have a patrilineage at all” (Steady, 29). This original research paper portrays the situations of house wives in those novels very clearly.

Aim: This research is aimed at the comparison of the amount of weekly physical activity of professional soldiers of the Army of the Czech Republic (soldiers of the 7th mechanized brigade) during an ordinary week spent in the garrison and during a week of continuous field training. Methodology: The observed group was made up of 48 professional soldier volunteers in the age range of 30.12 ± 4.84 years. The measurement has been performed continuously during the time span of one week. Physical activity has been measured with the utilization of the ActiGraph GT1M accelerometers supplemented with the use of a weekly physical activity protocol. Results: Based on the results it is possible to infer that no difference has been found between the amount of weekly physical activity of the soldiers during a week spent in garrison and during a week of continuous field training in a military training area. The level of physical activity has been sufficient during both of the weeks. The average active energy expenditure has been 18.27 kcal higher during the week of continuous field training. The average active power has been 5.06 kcal/hour higher during the ordinary week spent in garrison. Conclusion: Based on the values of average daily step count during an ordinary week in the garrison and during a week of continuous field training the soldiers´ activity can be categorized as regular medium intensity movement without competitive sport activity (Máček et al., 2010) and meets the healthy recommended value of number of steps per day (Aoyagi & Shephard, 2009).

Objectives: The study was done to evaluate efficacy of chemiluminescent method (vizilite) as a screening test in detecting the malignant changes in potentially malignant lesions of oral cavity. Study also compares sensitivity and specificity of toludiene blue with chemiluminescent method. Materials & methods: 30 patients clinically diagnosed as potentially malignant lesions of oral cavity were recruited. After obtaining consent form, all patients were subjected chemiluminescent method and toludiene blue. All patients were then compared with histopathological results and statistically analyzed. Results: After histopathological results, Sensitivity and specificity of vizilite was found to be 66.6% and 71.4% respectively and that of toluidine blue was 77% and 87%. Conclusion: Although vizilite accentuated the visibility of the lesion but overall detection rate in patients was not significantly improved. Qualities like easy to perform, less time consuming and instant results concur with the properties of an ideal screening test but diagnostic propensity is questionable.

Self-medication is taking any therapeutic drug without doctor's prescription. This practice is a potentially hazardous public health problem. It is commonly practiced in India as it provides a low-cost alternative treatment. Our objective was to find out the correlation between self-medication in medical vs. nonmedical students. It was a cross-sectional study, carried out using a pre-validated, semi-structured, self-administered questionnaire, a medical and a anon-medical undergraduate group consisting of 100 students each. Established statistical methods were used for analysis. It was found that 68% of the medical students self-medicated compared to 48% of the non-medical counterparts, higher in females. Awareness about side-effects, disadvantages, need of correct dosage and importance of course completion was more among the medicos. Upon analyzing the data from medical and non-medical groups we observed that most of them cited mild illness (82% and 69% respectively) as a reason for self-medication. Common-cold was the most common complaint and antipyretics (78% and 77% respectively) were the most commonly taken drug. Drug stores (78%) were the primary sources of obtaining medicines, while previous medication experience from the same illness was the main source of knowledge of dosage. More than 50% participants supported the use of self-medication in the treatment of common illnesses. Conclusion is that main reason of self-medication among medical students can be a better knowledge and understanding about the various aspects of medication, reflecting the influence of medical training and studies. However, an incomplete knowledge and understanding makes self-medication a potentially harmful practice.

Purpose: This study investigates English studies in Nigerian universities and the implications of such studies on nation-building. Method: Fifty (50) research instruments (questionnaires) were administered to three categories of respondents: Nigerian undergraduates (15 questionnaires); academic staff of Nigerian universities (15 questionnaires); employers of labour in Nigeria (10 questionnaires); employees in Nigeria (10 questionnaires). The theoretical underpinning of this study is the Sociology of Language Approach. Results: The analysis reveals that: the importance of English studies in Nigeria is widely acknowledged; different factors bedevil English studies in Nigerian universities; and formal education fails to accomplish the goals of English studies in Nigeria. Conclusion: In this study, literacy in English is “the ability to use the English language with significant proficiency in spoken and written communications, such that graduates of Nigerian universities can perform satisfactorily at work-places, irrespective of their disciplines.” In Nigeria, literacy level in English is not satisfactory, and this situation hinders nation-building. Given the significance of English studies all over the world and in Nigeria in particular, all stakeholders should foster the teaching and learning of the English language.

Freewriting is defined as timed writing without stopping and checking grammar, format, and structures, and has not only been used as a powerful tool for developing student writing in educational contexts but also as therapy. However, freewriting is often used in writers’ first language and relatively less used in their second language. This article will, therefore, explore whether the benefits of freewriting will offset the anxiety of writing in a second language in EFL classes. It was conducted in a three-credit writing course designed to help students master effective English writing skills and strategies. Eighteen freshmen of the Department of Foreign Languages and Literatures were required to do freewriting in the first thirty minutes of each week for fifteen weeks and were asked to write a reflection on freewriting in the eighteenth week. Of the eighteen students, seventeen of them positively comment on freewriting practices and revealed some beneficial effect, which shows that freewriting can be a powerful teaching tool in English writing courses for EFL classes.

The paper discusses walkability in low-income areas of the small Libyan cities, specifically in the city of Zawiya, which borders the capital, Tripoli. The purpose of this study is to explore executive methods of how to implement the walkability of the city, as an element of urban design that is concerned with city design. The city began preparing a comprehensive development strategy after years of neglect and civil war. The sustainable ways approach is encouraged in the areas of environmental, social and economic development. The municipality pursues the development of the city center and its urban areas such as streets, squares and parks. It also aims to link streets, reduce cars, and promote pedestrians to strengthen social ties and promote culture. The researcher aims to help the municipality and draw up a plan to develop the streets and transform them into more vital places. The study is based on the spatial data analysis approach through the analysis of traditional geographic data.