Aim of study: The purpose of the study is to understand the knowledge of CAD/CAM amongst various prosthodontists and the materials that they use while fabricating restorations considering the features of this technology. Methodology of study: A questionnaire survey was conducted over an year amongst 40 prosthodontists about the CAD/CAM technology, the materials they generally use to fabricate the restorations and how often they use this technology in their daily practice. Results: Mostly feldspathic porcelain was used in inlays and onlays as well as veneers (76%) whereas only a fraction of prosthodontists used lithium disilicate based materials. In anterior three-unit restorations, many options were considered from porcelain fused to metal (54%), lithium disilicate based materials (28%), to others using cubic zirconia also. In multi- unit posterior restorations, full metal was the commonest (63%) as compared to full contour zirconia. Conclusion: With the advancement taking place digital systems and CAD/ CAM has the potential to change the conventional technologies.

Aim of the study: The purpose of this study was to assess the choices and viewpoints of various Implantologists regarding efficacy of guided implant surgery in the field of prosthodontics. Methodology: A questionnaire survey was conducted amongst 10 Implantologists over a period of 2 years about the efficacy of guided implant surgery for prosthetic rehabilitation. Results: The results show that Implantologists prefer both static and dynamic computer aided navigation placement of Implants. Dynamic was preferred in cases more (69%), where there was reduced mouth opening as opposed to static navigation systems especially in the posterior region of the oral cavity. Conclusion: Guided implants insertion often permits mini-invasive surgeries without the need to elevate a surgical flap. Computer guided implant surgery may appear to provide dental professionals with a all-inclusive, reliable and detailed solution to sophisti-cated cases bringing about novel and exciting possibilities.

Aim of the study: This study was conducted to demonstrate which treatment option was preferable for the endodontists between single sitting versus multiple sitting Root Canal treatment for posterior teeth. Materials and methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted in 30 Endodontists to understand their knowledge and selection of cases where single or multiple sitting RCTs are preferred over a time period of a year. Results: Single visit therapy is mostly practiced by practically 65.0% of all endodontists interviewed in cases of vital pulp, but when the biological status of the pulp progresses to being necrotic, then very few still choose this treatment type. Anterior teeth were mostly done in a single sitting as compared to posterior teeth RCTs. Conclusion: The practitioner should not routinely apply one technique to all situations, but rather evaluate the circumstances peculiar to each particular case and then choose the technique that best fits those circumstances.

The continuous phase modulation (CPM) is a adaptive phase modulation technique which performs a vital role in OFDM system than constant envelope based on OFDM. The system combines the frequency diversity and low complexity type of equalizer. The attractive digital modulation adopted two types of equalizers; zero forcing and MMSE equalizer. The constant envelope modulation also used to attract the OFDM in future communications. The digital modulations QPSK, DPSK, 4-FSK and 4-PAM are analyzed to achieve good error rate and QPSK/QAM outperforms the PAM and FSK. The constant envelope OFDM (CE-OFDM) propagates the signal with near ideal PAPR than conventional systems and gives good performance with suitable FDE. In this paper, we proposed CE- CPM based FDE which is feasible than CE –CPM based OFDM and non OFDM systems. The error rate can minimize via selected equalizer which will results in good performance under channel conditions.

Land is one of the most important natural resources, including land surface (ie water, forests, etc.) and natural resources contained in the land (ie mineral, coal and energy mining materials, etc.). In international relations, Indonesia surrenders to foreign investors the mining business of strategic mining materials that cannot yet be undertaken on its own due to technological and capital reasons, not based on the issue of equitable use of natural resources, but based on fair and civilized human principles. Fair because it receives mining results in a balanced, civilized manner because natural resources can be used conditionally to foreign citizens. Conversely, it is immoral when the weak economy and technology are controlled by those who control technology and are rich. The Indonesian state needs to use force and power to force foreign investors to carry out their obligations, as a form of fulfilling the self-justice of their people, not on a moral basis that foreigners who are already rich are treated better than their own nation. For this reason, justice in the sense of control and utilization of land rights in the State of Indonesia against foreign investment is no longer a moral issue but a matter of power and law.

Except in severe conditions, A. niger it is a highly resistant fungal strain and causes many health issues with respect to asthma and allergy in humans. The fungus, known as the black mold in fruit and vegetables, also leads to the degradation of foodstuffs. Nanomaterials like nanoparticles of different metals are in progress against many diseases and microbial strains. Copper nanoparticles are one of them used against different microbial strains. The current study was designed for the production and characterization of copper nanoparticles and to evaluate their antifungal activities against A. niger. The production of Cu NPs was done by reduction method explained by Kathad and Gajera (2014) and their characterization was done by using UV-visible spectrophotometer. To evaluate their antifungal activity A. niger was grown on PDA medium with different concentrations of Cu NPs. The growth rate of A. niger was evaluated at different time intervals and compared with control. The UV-visible spectra indicated the presences of Cu NPs as maximum absorbance peak was observed at 590 nm. A significant inhibitory effect was observed on growth rate of A. niger at different concentrations of Cu NPs. Comparative analysis of these concentrations depicted that maximum inhibition was observed at 1.5% concentration of CU NPs. It is concluded that copper nanoparticles show antifungal activity and their activity is concentration dependant.

The purpose of this study was to the authority of the provincial government in the management of coastal sea areas, and the authority of regency/city governments in the management of coastal sea areas. This type of research is normative legal research, using a conceptual approach and a statute approach. The legal materials used in this study consist of primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials. The legal material that has been described in accordance with the main problem is then distributed, explored and then given an argument so that the whole forms a logically interconnected whole about the disclosure of logical rationale and the ontological basis for the issuance of laws governing coastal marine areas. The results of this study indicate that the regulation of management of marine resources is still centralized so that there are many conflicts with the authority of the Regional Government. The promulgation of Law 23 Year 2014 concerning Regional Government whose authority to manage sea areas is the Provincial Region. This article has aborted Article 18 paragraph (1) of Law 32 Year 2004 which states that Regions that have sea territories are given the authority to process resources in their sea territories. The impact of local governments is the difficulty to guarantee the welfare and/or prosperity of the people in this case the people in the sea area which lead to injustice in realizing the people's constitutional rights.

Leptospirosis is a contemporary zoonotic disease that spread through the direct and indirect contact with animals and its excreta. The rising nuisance of this communicable disease is increasing now days due to handling the pet animals by the family members and allow them upto beds. In most places, placing the pet on the lapses may increase the load of the infections directly from the pet to the humans. The bacterial and serological observations among the infectious individuals are rising steadily but very few eliciting clinical symptoms. Among of the exposures, the immunity scores the individuals and protect from the infection. Eventhough we have good and effective antimicrobials to kill the leptospires and control leptospiral complications, clinicians are not still aware about the pyrexia of unknown origin may be due to leptospirosis. Thus most of the positive cases may leads to chronic state of multiorgan dysfunction to multiorgan failure; in few situations, renal failure, pulmonary and cardiac issues leads to increased mortality. From this review it is requested to all the pet owners to keep your pets in separate place not in your living areas and hopefully asking the clinicians to consider leptospirosis also as one of the suspicions among PUOs.

In the case of Proof, there are several provisions governing evidence related to the provisions of the statutory provisions and are used by judges to prove what is being wrongly accused based on the applicable law and the judge's own conviction. Article 184 of the Criminal Procedure Code, regulates legal evidence, including witness statements, expert statements, letters, instructions and statements of the defendant. In accordance with what has been regulated in Article 184 of the Criminal Procedure Code, it can be said that the submission of evidence in the form of electronic documents in a general criminal case or special criminal case can be used as legal evidence, this can be seen by the expansion of the evidence contained in Article 5 paragraph (1) of the Information and Electronic Transactions Law and Article 26 A of Law Number 19 Year 2016 concerning Amendments to Law Number 11 of 2008, and Article 12 Paragraph (1) of Law Number 30 Year 2002 concerning the Corruption Eradication Commission jo. Law Number 19 Year 2019 which explicitly regulates the authority to conduct wiretapping conducted by the Corruption Eradication Commission. For this reason, it is hoped that the government will immediately ratify the Criminal Procedure Code in the future because Article 175 of the Criminal Procedure Draft is included in the legal evidence added to the judge's observation.

The purpose of this study was to find the legal position of Larwul Ngabal in the regional autonomy policy in the Kei Islands. This study uses a sociological-anthropological juridical approach that sees law as a social phenomenon that can be observed in people's life experiences. As an empirical legal research with a sociological-anthropological juridical approach, the data analysis technique is descriptive analysis. The results showed that the existence of Adat Law Larwul Ngabal in supporting the implementation of regional autonomy based on local wisdom in the Kei Islands both in the implementation of governance in Southeast Maluku Regency and Tual City was formally visible with the preparation of several regional regulations based on the values of customary values, but substantially have not been optimized in various local government policies in order to create a safe, fair and prosperous society, because they can be influenced by various factors such as legal factors, political factors and economic factors.

NO ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study was to harmonization of laws concerning management of coastal marine areas and synchronization of regulations concerning management of coastal marine areas. This type of research is normative legal research, using a conceptual approach and a statute approach. The legal materials used in this study consist of primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials. The legal material that has been described in accordance with the main problem is then distributed, explored and then given an argument so that the whole forms a logically interconnected whole about the disclosure of logical rationale and the ontological basis for the issuance of laws governing coastal marine areas. The results of this study indicate that the laws and regulations are not synchronous, which means that they are not in harmony. The disharmony is very influential on the relationship of governmental authority. Because the relationship between the Government and the Regional Government should be synergized with each other in: (a) Carrying out tasks that have been attributed to the legislation, (b) Utilization of natural resources, (c) Granting of licenses, (d) Distribution of Results, (e) Determination of boundaries the region. As for the efforts taken, the government immediately made a norm as mandated in Law No. 23 Year 2014. Which then established the Regional Regulation. The substance of the PP and Perda emphasizes the portion of the Regency/City.

In the moment it is on the market you can meet different types of impression materials differing in their properties and chemical composition. The purpose of the work was to test the cytotoxicity of various types of materials for taking impressions. Material and methods: Samples of 7 different materials (alginates, silicones, impression compound, zinc oxide eugenol, and acrylic) were tested on cell culture Vero CCL-81 in direct contact for a period of 2 hours. Results: One alginate material Elastic Cromo (71.35%) and Impression Compound (80.42%) haven’t negative influence on the cell cultures. Others significantly inhibit the development of cell cultures (Image 34.25%, Zetaplus 11.45%, Stomaflex Putty 8.02%, Repin 10.37%, FITT 28.92%). Conclusion: Most of the impression materials tested have cytotoxic properties.

Dengue infection of humans occurs from bites of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. The mosquito feeds during the day and has a propensity for man-made habitats containing water. Dengue viral infection can present as three broad clinical patterns: Classic dengue, Haemorrhagic fever and Undifferentiated fever. Clinically Liver is often enlarged and tender. There are many articles which has reported the involvement of liver in this disease. The changes can be noted both clinically and also biochemically in which the enzymes are quoted elevated. These features occur in both severe and non-severe dengue cases. Therefore, monitoring for warning signs and other clinical parameters is crucial for recognising progression to critical phase. This study puts in an effort to find the hepatic profile of the patients both clinically and biochemically so as to be useful to the practising physicians.

Background: Radiologic diagnostic methods for internal resorption include conventional periapical radiography (PA radiography), Complementary metal Oxide Semiconductor imaging (CMOS), Photostimulable phosphor (PSP) imaging and Cone beam Computed Tomography (CBCT). This study aims to examine the sensitivity and specificity of CBCT, PSP, CCD, and PA Radiography for early diagnosis of internal resorption. Material & methods: 72 single-rooted premolars were divided into three intervention groups and a control group. The teeth were split mesiodistally into two parts. Cavities of 0.3 mm depth were created on the buccal half of the root in middle one third in Group A. In Group B cavities of 0.4 mm, Group C cavities of 0.6 mm and in control Group D no cavities were created. Finally, the teeth fragments were fused using glue, fixed in sockets of one human dry mandible and were examined with the four different procedures. Results: The sensitivity of the four imaging procedures for diagnosis of internal root resorption of 0.3 mm was 100%, 60%, 73%, and 53% respectively. However, the sensitivity of all four procedures for diagnosis of internal root resorption with 0.4mm and 0.6 mm in depth was the same and equal to 100%. The specificity of the four procedures for diagnosis of internal root resorption of any depth was100%, 83%, 100%, and 75% respectively. Conclusion: CBCT provides the most accurate information on the depth and location of root resorption followed by the CMOS and PSP respectively. Conventional intraoral periapical radiography was the least accurate procedure.