Literature search reveals that molar-incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) is a routinely encountered dental abnormality noticed around the globe in the recent past. This dental abnormality is often associated with complications that would invariably affect the quality of life of the individual in addition to posing a great treatment challenge to the operator. It is a common finding that the affected teeth are usually more prone to caries and enamel breakdown in the post-eruptive phase. Hence, it is considered that this condition could be accountable for a substantial amount of childhood caries since this condition has high prevalence. Recognition of the individuals at threat and early diagnosis can lead to the initiation of more effective and conservative treatment. This paper is intended to focus on the various aspects pertaining to molar-incisor hypomineralisation.

The field of endodontics and the success of endodontic procedures both heavily rely on effective chemo-mechanical debridement and disinfection of the contaminated root canal system. While the mechanical debridement involves removal of tissue/debris and enlargement of the canal with endodontic instrumentation (files), the chemical debridement relies heavily on irrigants and intra-canal medicaments. Current endodontic irrigation and intra-canal medications (such as 5.25% sodium hypochlorite and calcium hydroxide) used in endodontics do not provide adequate and complete bacterial eradication during endodontic treatment. It has been suggested that both sodium hypochlorite and calcium hydroxide are irritating and cytotoxic to dental and periodontal tissues if these materials reach beyond the confines of pulp canal space. A new material and method for disinfection is desirable.

This paper aims to examine newspapers texts concerning UNSC Resolution 2334 as displayed in The Boston Globe and The Jerusalem Post. Through the analysis the researcher investigates how the lexical and grammatical structure of the news articles are used to portray the events and the participants using Discourse Historical approach (DHA) and transitivity which are considered major approaches of Systemic Functional Grammar. The research concludes that lexical and grammatical construction of newspaper articles is never objective and is always motivated by ideology.

Although there are 12 branches of the Omani Craftsman House (OCH), which is considered by the Public Authority for Crafts Industries (PACI) and its associated enterprises to be the official retailer for marketing Omani traditional crafted products (PACI, 2019), it is not clear if the authority has given priority to considering craftsmanship in Oman as a business. Craft people’s marketing and business skills have long been of great interest in a wide range of art and craft fields. The main aim of this study is to investigate the importance of increasing the ability of Omani craftspeople to market their craft products at local markets.

This paper investigate the characteristics important to injection moulding via rheological behaviour, injection moulding, debinding and sintering process of water and gas atomised 316L stainless steel powder using new locally based binder system; palm stearin. The critical powder loading for injection moulding were 65vol% and 62vol% for gas and water atomised respectively. The gas atomised powder proves easier to mold because of a low interparticle friction and high packing density. In contrast, the water atomised powder has high viscosity of the injection moulding feedstock, high interparticle friction and a low packing density that interfere with injection moulding. Binder debinding was performed using solvent and thermal method. After debinding the samples were sintered at 1360oC using a high temperature vacuum furnace. Results indicate that water atomised powder could be sintered to 95% of theoretical density, while gas atomised powders could be sintered to near full density.

Aim: (a) to investigate the effect of Alveolar Ridge Preservation (ARP) on subsequent implant placement (IP) procedures and (b) to identify prognostic factors for ARP in relation to future IP. Material and Methods: Electronic and paper records of patients receiving one or more extractions with or without ARP followed by IP were reviewed in this study. Any sites with previously missing teeth, those that received immediate IP, growth factors, records with inadequate information or missing data were excluded. The need for additional grafting at IP, additional grafting prior to IP and sinus augmentation were the primary outcome measures. Statistical analyses were performed. Results: Out of a total of 1640 records reviewed, 829 patients with 1416 implants were included in the data analysis. There were no statistically significant differences between the sites that received ARP following extraction and the naturally healing sites on the need for grafting at IP, grafting prior to IP and sinus augmentation. The type of operator (general dentist or periodontist), smoking status, use of membrane at the time of ARP, loss of socket wall at the time of extraction and history for periodontal disease were confounding variables. Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study, ARP procedure used of implant site preparation did not show addition benefit on the future implant related outcome.

The Ventricular septal rupture (VSR) after acute myocardial infarction is a rare complication. However, the prognosis is improved by early revascularization. But, the mortality is high in country in development. Through this work, we report a case of two ischemic VSR in adult patient of 64 years old, complicated by acute heart failure, with favorable evolution after medical stabilization and surgical suture.

Objectives: To survey and analyze the distributive pattern of dentists working in private dental clinics in Al-Ahsa Governorate, Saudi Arabia. Methodology: This study used a unified questionnaire to survey private dental clinics in Al-Ahsa Governate from August to December 2019. Clinics were included if they had registered with the Ministry of Health and were operating in Al-Ahsa’s private sector. Clinics that were not available to visit during the survey period were excluded. During the study, participating clinics were visited and several data points were collected for each facility, including the total number of practicing dentists, year they joined the facility, and each clinician’s nationality, gender, and specialization. Results: The study showed 69 dental clinics registered with the Ministry of Health and serving the private sector in Al-Ahsa Governate. Sixty-six clinics (95.7%) agreed to participate. In the resulting survey of 301 practicing dentists, 73.8% were non-Saudi with Egyptians making up the largest national group at 27.2%. Among the Saudi dentists (n=79), 95% had joined their clinic in the last three years. For all participants the primary specialization was general dentistry (80.4%), the majority of whom were Saudi (31%) or Egyptian (27.7%). Among the dental specialists, 42.4% were orthodontists followed by maxillofacial surgeons at 27%. Conclusion: Private dental clinics in Al-Ahsa governorate are operated mainly by non-Saudi dentists. In the last three years, the number of Saudi general dentists joining private dental clinics has increased but there is still a need for dental specialists.

Marfan syndrome is an inherited autosomal dominant connective tissue disorder known for its multiple pathologies: musculoskeletal, pulmonary, ocular and cardiovascular. The criteria of Ghent facilitate its diagnosis. It requires a complete clinical examination as well as multiple imaging modalities. Early diagnosis and medical treatment with beta-blocker can delay the progression of aortic dilatation or possibly stop the pathological process of the aortic wall, as well as timely elective surgery are the key measures to improve the outcome of this disease. We report here the fortuitous discovery of a Marfan syndrome in a 19-year-old patient complicated with aortic dilatation.

The PISA report illustrates Indonesia's ranking in terms of critical thinking among students is still below the average of other countries from year to year. Critical thinking skills are very important skills that are trained in students to be able to compete in various fields. The success of achieving the learning objectives lies in the ability of the teacher to carry out the learning process and the success of the learning process lies in the learning device as a standard so it is necessary to develop the learning device. The purpose of this study is to produce learning tools that train critical thinking skills of junior high school students on plant structure material and their use in technology using a guided discovery learning model that is valid, practical and effective. This study uses the Tessmer model, which consists of: 1) self evaluation; 2) expert review; 3) one-to-one; 4) small group; 5) field tests and products produced in the form of complete learning tools, namely: syllabus, teaching materials, student worksheets, student critical thinking skills assessment sheet, teacher activity evaluation sheet, student activity evaluation sheet. The subjects of the study were 8th grade students at SMPN 1 Angsana. The results of this study indicate that the device passed the test based on validity, practicality, and effectiveness. Another finding is that students are considered capable of being at a good level of critical thinking.

This study aims to determine the feasibility of a guided inquiry model of physics science learning device on the topic of vibrations, waves and sound. The development of the tools was carried out based on the Tessmer development research model so as to produce a proto-type that was tested up to the field test stage. The data analysis technique is descriptive quantitative. The appropriateness of the learning device is stated from its validity, practicality, and effectiveness. The validity of learning devices can be determined from the results of validation by experts and the results of individual trials. Practicality is determined from the implementation of the lesson plan and the responses of teachers and students to learning devices. Effectiveness is determined by the ability of students in implementing worksheets, cognitive learning outcomes, teacher and student activities, social skills, character behavior, and students' psychomotor skills. The results of development research show that the learning tools are valid, practical, and effective. Based on the results of descriptive analysis, it can be concluded that the learning tools that have been developed can apply the Guided Inquiry learning model well.

This study aims to improve students' thinking skills by developing a learning tool that can improve the critical thinking skills of vocational students using the guided inquiry model. This guided inquiry model was chosen based on the process. This model is able to provide opportunities for teachers to explore critical thinking skills in students. Students learn to apply the process by carrying out problem-based investigations designed to learn science concepts. This research uses the Tessmer development model. The subjects of this research were 3 expert lecturers, the individual trial subjects were 3 students with different academic abilities, the small group trial subjects were 10th grade students with 6 students, the field trial subjects conducted on 10th grade students who numbered 23 people. There are three types of data obtained in this research, namely validity data, practicality data, and effectiveness data. The results of this study are valid learning tools because all components of learning tools are developed in accordance with the guiding principles of development and have been validated by experts. Learning tools are also classified as practical because they are easily implemented and implemented by the teacher in the learning process and get a good response from students. The resulting learning tool is quite effective because the results of students' thinking skills are classified as good, cognitive learning outcomes are classified as good.

Scientific literacy is the ability to understand, communicate and apply the ability of science to solve problems so that it can draw conclusions based on facts and data in making decisions from changes that occur due to human activities. Strengthening scientific literacy skills in addition to requiring student motivation, teachers also need to consider learning strategies that are in accordance with the current conditions of technological development and the potential of students which in the learning process can provide direct experience. The importance of scientific literacy in learning in schools, especially in the field of science requires teachers to develop learning modules that are in accordance with their goals, namely strengthening the scientific literacy of junior high school students in which there are several QR-Codes that can be scanned via an Android cellphone, because the module is a related part. directly with students and is generally used as the main guide for teachers and students in the learning process. This study aims to evaluate the validity, practicality, and effectiveness of the science learning module on environmental pollution topics to strengthen the scientific literacy of junior high school students. The research method used is the development of Tessmer which includes 1) self evaluation, 2) expert review, 3) one to one evaluation, 4) small group evaluation and 5) field test. Learning tools developed are modules. The research was conducted in class VII SMPN 1 Martapura. The research subjects consisted of 3 expert teams, 3 students of class VII B on the individual test, 6 students of class VII F on the small group test and 28 students of class VII G on the field test. The results showed that 1) the validity of learning tools based on experts was declared very valid, the level of readability of the module was stated to be very practical, 2) the practicality of the learning tools based on the implementation of the students 'modules was stated to be very practical, and 3) the effectiveness of learning devices based on students' achievement in learning outcomes, Characteristic behavior, skills and students' responses were stated positively.

Background: Coronary arteries and their variation in branching patterns have a significant role in cardiac deaths in recent years. Aim: To study the branching patterns of the human coronary arteries and their clinical importance. Materials and Methods: A total of 40 Human heart specimens were collected from the Department of anatomy, Santhiram Medical College, Nandyal to study the branching patterns of human coronary arteries and their clinical importance. The variations in branching patterns like Trifurcation, Quadrifurcation of the coronary arteries were noted in the present study. Results: The termination of left coronary artery showed a branching pattern as bifurcation in 29 (72.5%) specimens, Trifurcation in 6(15%), Quadrifurcation in 5(12.5%) out of 40 specimens in our study. We observed 28% of the variations in branching patterns of left coronary artery, whereas right coronary artery branching pattern was normal in the present study. Conclusion: Various branching patterns of coronary arteries should be acknowledged during the catheterization for coronary angiography.

Construction safety audit is a prescribed course of action for assessing accident prospective and safety performance in the prerequisite of new construction schemes, the development and rehabilitation of existing structures and in maintenance of building structures. The main objective of this study is the identification of accident prone areas on the project site from First Investigation Report (FIR), to study the effect on development of statistical connection between accident rates and various factors that causing accidents. The scope of the study is to reduce accidents on construction site and its surroundings, reducing severity of accidents so as the necessity for costly remedial work is reduced. The aspect of safety is taken on low priority basis throughout the execution of construction projects in India. The area selected for the study is Chennai, a metropolitan and capital of Tamil Nadu. Tamil Nadu lies in the southernmost part of the Indian Peninsula and one of the 28 states of India. The accident analysis is prepared from five years statistics. Various types of labours and staffs are interviewed accordingly in order to get the clear depiction of site accidents with the personal measure which is the ultimate goal of this research paper.