This case report is of a 29 year old female patient who presented with unfavorably impacted maxillary left canine and severely proclined upper and lower dentition. This case was corrected merely by employing simple mechanics with the help of Fixed Orthodontic Mechanotherapy. The patient presented with bimaxillary dentoalveolar protrusion and hence needed extraction of all 4 premolars. Since the unfavorably impacted maxillary left canine needed extraction as well, it was decided to not extract the premolar in the 2nd quadrant as the canine extraction in that quadrant would compensate for the space needed for correction of anterior proclination. Hence, 3 premolars and a single canine were extracted in this case. Following fixed orthodontic treatment, marked improvement in patient's smile was achieved and there was a remarkable increase in the patient's confidence and quality of life. The treatment results were demonstrated with proper case selection and good patient cooperation with fixed appliance therapy. The patient was extremely satisfied with the results and there was significant improvement in her smile at the end of the treatment.

We report the case of parathyroid adenoma incidentally discovered during a total thyroidectomy. The patient showed no clinical or biochemical signs that led us to suspect a hyperparathyroidism condition before the operation. But a macroscopically enlarged parathyroid was discovered during the dissection and it was removed. The patients had a single adenoma confirmed by histological analysis. No permanent hypoparathyroidism or recurrent hyperparathyroidism was observed. We recommend that any enlarged parathyroid discovered during neck surgery should thus be removed to avoid the risks of future surgical procedures due to successive both of clinical hyperparathyroidism.

Aphasia in children is generally still little explored because it is rare. Landau-Kleffner syndrome (LKS) is rare and causes specific difficulties in children with it. Among the neuropsychological difficulties (cognitive and attentional), we find a significant initially receptive aphasia. We report in this work the observation of a 13-year-old child seen in consultation for aphasia at the age of 07 years post epileptic seizure. In this patient the diagnosis of LKS was retained after the etiological assessment and the complementary examinations carried out.

This paper will analyze the election of regional heads in the perspective of fala raha local wisdom values. This type of research is a normative legal research, using a conceptual approach and statute approach. The data used are secondary data consisting of primary legal materials and secondary legal materials. The collected data were then analyzed qualitatively. The results showed that the Democracy as one of the prerequisites in the Indonesian political system, which can be implemented in the implementation of direct regional head elections in Indonesia since reform can make an important contribution to the life of the nation and state because based on the applicable national regulatory agreement, the process of recruiting regional leaders is one of them through regional elections. This process does not only apply to other regions in Indonesia but North Maluku, but in practice the national rice regulation with state law has not created the regional elections that we all hope for, namely honest, and fair. In the development of various values contained in customary law, in this case North Maluku as Moloku Kie Raha, which is conceptually rich in various local wisdom values which in philosophy can be used as a source or reference in various life activities, especially in North Maluku One of the concepts that can be offered in this research approach is the concept of Fala Raha (Four Houses), interpreting Fala Raha as a concept in democracy in regional head elections, especially in West Halmehara Regency and Ternate City is not new, but it has been practiced by previous traditional figures because these concepts have philosophical values that are contained in them, not only as symbols. Fala Raha, the cultural philosophy which is the basis for the understanding of the people in Moloku Kie Raha which is applied to the government structures of both the Jailolo Sultanate, the Bacan Sultanate, the Tidore Sultanate and the Ternate Sultanate, is still preserved until now. Fala Raha is not just a structure of division or forming a kolano concept, but reflects a good understanding of both being political as it is written in the mythological stories of North Maluku.

Thimerosal is a compound centered on ethyl mercury which has been remained a component of vaccines. Vaccines and other medicinal product that hold thimerosal are the potential basis of relevance of havoc mercury. In the current study, the effects of thimerosal were checked on the sex hormones in adult albino rats at low 15mg/kg and high 40 mg/kg dose per day by the use of gavage for a month. Testosterone was noticeably reduced (p < 0.05) in both low and high dose treated rats. Concentration of LH and FSH also decreased (p < 0.05) tremendously in both treated groups. However, a minor decrease was observed in the level of prolactin in low dose group while prolactin was found to be reduced significantly (p < 0.05) in high dose exposure. Daily sperm production and efficiency of sperm production was also checked in this study and both are lowered sharply (p < 0.05) in rats treated with thimerosal. These results demonstrated that thimerosal has strong effects on male sex hormones and their DSP and efficiency of DSP in adult albino rats.

Background: Cervical cancer ranks as the fourth most frequently diagnosed cancer and the fourth leading cause of cancer death in women. Almost 70% of the global burden of cervical cancer falls in areas with lower levels development, and more than one-fifth of all new cases are diagnosed in India. Cancer cervix has been considered preventable because it has a long pre-invasive state and availability of screening programs and treatment of pre- invasive lesion is effective. No form of cancer documents the remarkable effects of screening, early diagnosis and curative therapy on mortality rate in a better way than does cancer cervix. Aim: To compare the diagnostic value of Visual Inspection of Cervix with Acetic Acid with Papsmear for screening of Cervical intraepithelial lesions keeping Histopathology as gold standard. Material and Method: It is a cross sectional and comparative study of 522 women who fulfilled inclusion criteria attending outpatient Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at St Philomena’s Hospital for a period of 2 years (December 2016 to November 2018). Both pap smear and VIA are done in these cases. In positive cases, colposcopy guided cervical biopsy done and sent for histopathological studies. All results compiled and analyzed. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value are calculated and compared for pap smear, visual inspection with acetic acid by taking colposcopy guided cervical biopsy (histopathology) results as gold standard. Result and observations: In the present study , diagnostic values of VIA are comparable with papsmear with sensitivity of 86.6% and 80.6% respectively, specificity of 97.8% and 98.9% respectively, PPV of 85.3% and 91.5 % respectively and NPV of 98% and 97.2% respectively with histopathology as the gold standard. Conclusion: VIA has comparable results to Pap smear regarding its sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value and can be used as good alternative to pap smear in mass screening of large population. VIA can be combined with Pap smear to improve the efficacy of screening procedures in detection of pre-cancerous and cancerous lesions of cervix.

Global Petroleum reserves are currently getting depleted. Most of the newly discovered oil and gas fields are found in unconventional reserves. Hence there has arisen a need to drill deeper wells in offshore locations and in unconventional reservoirs. The depth and difficulty of drilling terrains has led to drilling operations incurring higher cost due to drilling time. Rate of Penetration is dependent on the several parameters such as: rotary speed(N), Weight-On-Bit, bit state, formation strength, formation abrasiveness, bit diameter, mud flowrate, bit tooth wear, bit hydraulics e.t.c. Given this complex non-linear relationship between Rate of Penetration and these variables, it is extremely difficult to develop a complete mathematical model to accurately predict ROP from these parameters. In this study, two types of models were developed; a predictive model built with artificial neural networks for determining the rate of penetration from various drilling parameters and an optimization model based on normalized rate of penetration to provide optimized rate of penetration values. The Normalized Rate of Penetration (NROP) more accurately identifies the formation characteristics by showing what the rate should be if the parameters are held constant. Lithology changes and pressure transition zones are more easily identified using NROP. Efficient use of Normalized Penetration Rate (NROP) reduces drilling expenses by: Reducing the number of logging trips, minimizing trouble time through detection of pressure transition zones, encouraging near balanced drilling to achieve faster penetration rate.

Introduction: Hemorrhagic stroke is rupture of blood vessel in focal region of the brain and spills of blood in surrounding area of brain parenchyma. The low- and middle-income countries experience 80% mortality rate among all hemorrhagic stroke. Although the association of Hemorrhagic Stroke with Hypertension, Smoking and Alcohol consumption are well establish, the association between lipids and hemorrhagic stroke has not been well investigated so far. Aim of the study: The aim of the study was to investigate the association of Serum lipids levels with hemorrhagic stroke in a tertiary care hospital of Bangladesh. Materials & Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the department of neurology in Enam medical college hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Data was collected between April 2019 and May 2020. Seventy two cases with hemorrhagic stroke were randomly included. Appropriate statistical methods were used to analyze the results. Data were analyzed using SPSS 20.0 version (Chicago, Inc., USA) software and MsExcel-2016 version. Result: From 72 study people we found highest 22(30.6%) in the range of 60-69 years. There were 46(63.9%) males and 26(36.1%) females were enrolled in this study. Hypertension was found in 80.6% study people. The univariate analysis was done to see the association of lipids with Hemorrhagic Stroke. It has been obsereved that, the Total cholesterol and Serum Triglyceride level were low among the cases of hemorrhagic stroke. We found strong association in hemorrhagic stroke with Total cholesterol and Serum Triglyceride of serum lipids. Conclusion: 60-69 age ranges people had faced this stroke the most and males are predominant. The low level of serum total cholesterol and triglycerides may intensify the of risk hemorrhagic stroke.

Aim: The aim of our study was to assess and observe the changes in Maximum von Mises stresses in relation to force application during miniscrew placement at two different insertion angles in proximity of PDL under varying magnitudes of load and locations. Methods: Patient specific finite element models of the area of interest involving maxillary 1st molar and 2nd premolar were developed using computed tomography images. An Miniscrew implant surface model derived from micro-computed tomography was placed at three different levels away at regular intervals from the PDL of the premolar. Finite element analysis was conducted with 45 and 90-degree angle on the MSI, with a loading force of 100g and 200g, at a distance of 1mm,1.5mm and 2.0mm from the PDL. Maximum von Mises stresses was calculated at each distance. To explain compressive stress by proximity, load magnitude and different insertion angle stepwise multiple regression models was conducted. Results: The multiple regression models explained the variation of MPa and included all three factors: proximity, load magnitude and angulation. The regression model showed significant interaction between the three factors, proving that lesser angulation & load magnitude and implant position far away from the 2nd premolar PDL could be associated with minimal amount of stresses generated and decreased effect on roots. Conclusion: To safeguard the adjacent roots and periodontal ligament structures the MSI should be placed at 90-degree angulation, with a loading force of 100g and at 2mm from the 2nd premolar’s PDL to produce minimum compressive stresses.

Peripheral T and NK lymphomas of the nasal cavity are a heterogeneous group of neoplasia of lymphocytic origin. Nasal T/NK lymphoma is a rare and severe disorder in Africa and Europe. It is an aggressive form of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with specific clinicopathological features. Diagnosis is based on immunohistochemical study. Treatment includes chemotherapy and radiotherapy. This type of lymphoma has a poor prognosis overall, even with treatment. We report a case of T / NK lymphoma simulating an orbito-jugal cellulitis. This is the case of a 49-year-old patient admitted with an extended left facial cellulitis. The CT scan of the facial mass showed a left unilateral pansinusitis with orbital infiltration. The diagnosis was made after an immunohistochemical study of the nasal biopsies. Histological examination revealed nasal-type T / NK lymphoma. The treatment consisted of radio-chemotherapy. T / NK lymphomas are aggressive; they mainly affect the nasal sinus cavities. They are responsible for angio-destruction and necrosis which make the symptoms nonspecific and the biopsies often negative, causing a problem of differential diagnosis. The treatment is based on radiotherapy and chemotherapy and the prognosis remains poor. The patient was treated with CHOEP chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy.

Chondrosarcoma is a very destructive malignant tumor of cartilage, bone and mesenchymal origin. Localization in the head and neck is rare and the sino-nasal site is even rarer. We report a case of chondrosarcoma of the nasal cavities and sinuses. The aim of our work is to show the importance of clinical, endoscopy and imaging in the diagnostic presumption, to discuss the choice of surgical technique and postoperative monitoring. We will highlight the difficulties that this tumor poses for the pathologist to differentiate between chondroma and chondrosarcoma.

Agarwood (Aquilaria malaccensis) is a plant species native to Southeast Asia that is best known for its oil essence. In this chapter, we'll look at using its oil to make biodiesel. To further clarify the picture, a number of steps would be carried out, beginning with the extraction of the oil and ending with its categorization. The “supercritical fluid extraction” approach is used in the extraction process. Later in this process the oil would be used as a source for extraction of Fatty Acid Methyl Ester. The characterization of the methyl ester would be specifically based on density, specific gravity, Flash point, carbon residue.

This paper tries to reexamine the practice of the second language testing in Sri Lanka. Testing is considered a way to systematically measure a person's ability or knowledge, and it is formalized as a set of techniques or procedures. Testing also plays an important part in language learning and evaluation in classroom settings. In fact, there are no Second Language Development and Language Testing researchers have discussed the roles of testing and its development in Sri Lanka. Government of Sri Lanka has taken an action to teach Tamil or Sinhala as a L2 in different levels - School students, University students, Government servants - and evaluate them in many ways. Fundamental concepts and criteria which are thought to underpin good language testing. Discussing the importance of the interface and different perspectives between Language Testing and Second Language Development which explore learners' test-taking process and strategies. This article suggests that it is essential to examine not only final linguistic products of tests but also the entire test taking process to make language tests more communicatively relevant.

Prostitution is considered a social stigma from ancient times. The legal institutions and frameworks of different nations are not aloof from its influence. This paper aims to study the different aspects associated with decriminalization of prostitution. The paper begins the arguments which contractarians in support of decriminalization and legalization of sex commerce give against the feminists’ theorists. The author analyzes the propositions laid down by Lars Ericsson. Then a comparative study is incorporated where different alternatives to its decriminalization is presented. It includes the European practice of licensing and its criticism, English and West Germany solution of regulating time, place, method and its limitations, and the concept of prevalence of laissez faire sex commerce and its harsh effects on the social balance. An analysis of decreasing rape rate based on the study of Cunningham and Shah is also presented. At the end, the possible consequences of legalizing prostitution have been described.

According to Sangiuolo, there are two main methods of replacing the denture base: the first is called relining and the second is called rebasing. Indeed, the term rebasing is defined as, “A process of refitting a denture by the replacement of the denture base material by preserving the same prosthetic teeth“. The main purpose is to re-establish adequate adaptation of the denture base to the bearing area and to preserve the original jaw relations. This technique is mainly indicated in the case of an immediate or late static prosthetic instability induced by physiological or pathological resorption. The approach is the same as the final impression with the obligation to have a well-balanced occlusion with a correct occlusal plane, a valid centric relation with the right vertical dimension. This manuscript attempts to cover most of the common complete denture rebasing indications along with a simple description of clinical and laboratory steps that can any practitioner follow to succeed the prostheses base replacement.