Introduction: Despite being exempt, many Diabetic Muslims observe fasting during the month of Ramadan. We carried out this work to study the impact of this practice on body composition in this group of patients. Material and methods: We studied 176 Moroccan Muslim with type 2 diabetes. The study data were collected through a questionnaire, clinical examination and bioelectrical impedancemetry. The study variables were: weight, height, body mass index (BMI), body fat and visceral fat. Results: All patients who fasted the entire month of Ramadan and who met the study monitoring deadlines have been included. The average age was 57 years +/- 11 years; 79% were women. Despite a similar BMI, there was a reduction in weight (before: 76.85kg +/- 12.8 against 76.21kg +/- 12.8; p = 0.019), body fat (before: 28.43kg +/- 9.3 against 26.72kg +/- 8.3; p = 0.015) and visceral fat (before: 10.41 +/- 3.36 against 9.95kg +/- 3.2; p = 0.007). Conclusion: Ramadan fasting can be practiced in all safety with prior patient education and adjustment therapeutic. It also confers an improvement in the body composition, especially in women.

Melon seed has been described as very important oilseed crop that serves numerous food purposes across Nigeria. Since melon seed is within a shell, dehusking or decorticating or dehulling or shelling, it is expedient so as to use it for food. To carry out the process of removal of the shell, a melon decorticating machine was designed and developed. The machine was designed based on standard engineering design procedures. A CAD drawing was used to develop the machine and a detailed design of the machine was implemented. The CAD drawing was fabricated. The machine was built using materials available locally and it consists of the following components the melon shelling machine were the hopper, the shelling chamber, the base, the blower unit, the body frame, the blade, switch, fan regulator, feed controller, blade housing, electric motor, motor holder, bolt and nut. Two different performance evaluation were carried out: one, a comparison based on time of shelling using both the designed machine and the manual shelling method and two, the performance evaluation was carried out for different Melon seeds of three (3) varying moisture contents. The parameters evaluated include decorticating efficiency, percentage of decorticated seed and damaged, machine performance and capacity. Results from the developed machine shows a shelling efficiency of 73.1% with seed damage percent of 14.3% when using moisture content of 30%d.b. while, for the manual shelling was reported to be of a shelling efficiency of 10%, 15.7% and 20.2% with 20.2% being its highest efficiency which is seen to be very small compared to that of the machine. Shelling speed of the machine and moisture content of the seed Melon affects the rate, efficiency and percentage of damage to the seeds. This design and the set of conditions selected were the most preferred due to their speed operation, less damage to the seeds and minimal expenditure of human energy. The developed machine does not require skilled labor, and this melon sheller can effectively address the challenges of the traditional method of decorticating melon.

The present study aimed to evaluate the influence of light emitting diode (LED) on in vitro rooting of Moringa oleifera Lam shoots. To achieve this, the vitroplants were grown in MS mod 3B basal medium, supplemented with 20 g/l sucrose and without phytohormones, and subjected to white and red LED light for 4 weeks. At the end of the experiment, it was observed that there were significant differences between the LED lights used in terms of the number of roots and the weight of the callus obtained. The white LED gave vitroplants with many roots and reduced callus. Thus, the basic medium MS mod 3B, with 20 g.L-1 sucrose and without phytohormones, and the white LED could be used for a good rooting of M. oleifera in vitro plants.

Toxoplasmosis acquired in an immunocompetent individual will usually be asymptomatic. However, the problem arises in the case of a primary infection in a pregnant woman, which may cause congenital infection of the fetus. Through maternal-fetal contamination, this infection poses two main risks to the fetus and the child, one neurological (hydrocephalus and intracranial calcifications) and the other ophthalmic (chorioretinitis that can affect the visual prognosis), which makes preventive actions necessary, through compulsory monthly serological surveillance of women who are not immune to toxoplasmosis. The biologist is often confronted with difficulties in interpreting the results, particularly during the monitoring of pregnant women. However, this is an essential step in the prevention of congenital toxoplasmosis because the results of the serological analysis are the basis for subsequent prenatal and postnatal treatment serodiagnosis is based on the detection of specific IgG and IgM. Although serological techniques have improved in recent years, problems of interpretation of serology persist, particularly in the presence of IgM antibodies. Results should be interpreted with caution. The mistake not to be made is to conclude immediately that the patient is primitively infected on the basis of the presence of IgM or IgG antibodies associated with IgM antibodies alone. The knowledge of the evolution of antibodies during the infection and the practice of complementary tests in particular the measurement of the avidity of antitoxoplasmic IgG allow in the majority of the cases a correct interpretation of the results and a dating of the infection.

Mesalazine is a widely used and generally safe drug for the treatment of chronic inflammatory bowel diseases. Neutropenia/ Agranulocytosis rarely complicates this treatment and very few cases have been reported in the literature. Agranulocytosis is characterized by a decrease in peripheral neutrophil count to less 500 /mm3. Most reported cases presented more than three months after the initiation of treatment, and whilst many patients recovered, fatalities were reported. Cessation of mesalazine alone may not be adequate therapy and aggressive management with bone marrow evaluation, high dose of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, or immunosuppressive therapy may be indicated. We report here the case of a patient with ulcerative colitis who developed an asymptomatic agranulocytosis during treatment with mesalazine and having spontaneously regressed after stopping treatment.

Foreign bodies may be embedded in the oral cavity either by traumatic injury or iatrogenically. Cases in which a foreign body embedded in the oral cavity due to self-inflictions are uncommon and rarely reported. The discovery of foreign bodies in the teeth is often accidental and is a special situation. Detailed case history, clinical and radiographic examinations are essential to come to a conclusion about the size, nature, location of the foreign body and the difficulty concerned in its retrieval. Such an object may act as a possible source of infection and lead to complications. This case report presented a accidental impaction of self-inflicted foreign body in the form of wire in the maxillary left posterior region.

Patient satisfaction, which is linked to nursing care, is the cornerstone of good hospital services. As a result, this survey was designed to record inpatients' perceptions of nursing staff and use it as a foundation for future improvement. The current cross-sectional study was carried out in Najran General Hospital, Najran. Data was collected from 135 patients by using the Karen patient perception scale and analysis through statistically. The overall satisfaction level for nursing staff was being good among 56 (41%) and 68 (5%) felt satisfactory level of nursing care and 11 (8%) perceived as low level of nursing care quality. At the p 0.001 level, there was a significant relationship between patients' perceptions of nursing care quality and their age, sex, related illness, and number of hospitalizations. Although overall satisfaction was excellent, six patients expressed dissatisfaction with the atmosphere and one patient expressed dissatisfaction with the hospital's system. The authorities were alerted of the situation in order to take any necessary corrective measures. This was quite beneficial in terms of enhancing patient care.

Triple-A syndrome, also known as Allgrove syndrome, is a rare autosomal recessive disorder. The classical features of this syndrome are achalasia, adrenal insufficiency, and alacrima. Recently, dental impairment has been the subject of several case reports and reviews. However, this abnormality remains under-diagnosed. We represent the case of a 23-year-old male patient who was diagnosed with Allgrove syndrome at the age of 3. He suffered from many oral manifestations of this syndrome and especially premature loss of permanent teeth.

The current study explored the situation of motives and coaching behaviour preferences by players as the main factors acting on their potential and leading them to active or passive dedication towards team goals. This is due to the fact that the success of players will depend on how they effectively collaborate with their coach, how they interpret various behaviour and commanding styles that their coach uses as well as individual player motives. 165 players from the Rwanda top tier Handball league answered the perception model of leadership scale for sports and the physical activity and leisure motivation scale. The collected data’s reliability was calculated using Cronbach’s reliability test and the results were respectively 0.816 and 0.856 showing better and reliable data results. The identified motives of Rwanda handball players are Enjoyment 94.4%, Physical conditions 89.8%, Affiliation 81.9% while the highly perceived coaching behaviors are those during training and instructions with 52.2% (often) and 38.2% (always) seconded by how players and coaches socialize with 54 % (Often) and 20.6% (Always). The Pearson correlation analysis revealed weak association between coaching behavior and sports motives with most correlation coefficients belonging below 0.039** (Mastery versus Training and Instruction, Social Support). Significant Differences in perception of coaching behaviors were also observed with regard to team ownership F3,164=12.724, p(0.000) < a(0.05), Marital status F2,164=13.868,p(0.000)< a(0.05) and Age range F5,164=5.434, p(0.000) < a(0.05) with Tukey post hoc tests revealing that significant differences lye between school owned teams (with Government and privately owned teams) as well as age category 15-20 (with 20-25 and 30-40). No significant differences in motives were observed. The overall finding emphasizes that motives and coaching behaviors play a big role in players’ psychological and physical potential hence they are important and worth exploration for the best of the team, players and the whole management as well as game followers.

The human eye is an organ that can provide physicians with valuable clues for the recognition and management of many systemic diseases, including many disorders of the endocrine system. Ocular manifestations are common in many endocrine disorders such as diabetes mellitus and Graves' disease. However, there are a significant number of lesser-known endocrine diseases in which ocular changes are common. Endocrine glands communicate with each other through hormones. Hormones include cortisol, thyroid hormones, insulin, testosterone, estrogen and many others. They are made and stored in the endocrine glands and released by these glands to exert their effects on nearby or distant target organs. The main glands of the endocrine system are the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, adrenal glands, gonads (testes and ovaries), thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, and pancreas. Endocrine glands control the physiology of the human body and maintain its homeostasis. The effects of hyper or hyposecretion of each endocrine gland separately, usually manifest themselves in a multi-organ fashion. Some disorders of the endocrine system manifest in the eye first through a variety of distinct pathophysiological factors. It is an interdisciplinary pathology, falling under both endocrinology and ophthalmology, and knowing these ophthalmic manifestations is the most important step for the early detection, prevention, diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of these manifestations, which can thus significantly reduce the morbidity related to these disorders including permanent visual dysfunction.

Varicocele is a dilated veins pampiniform plexus secondary to valvular dysfunction; it is also one of the most frequent causes of male-factor infertility. There are several options for the treatment of varicocele, including surgical repair either by open or microsurgical approach, laparoscopy, or through percutaneous embolization of the internal spermatic vein. Our study involved 60 patients treated for primary varicocele in the urology and vascular surgery departments of the Moulay Ismail Military Hospital in Meknes.

Cinnamon is a medical herbs tree and all are a member of the genus Cinnamomum in the family Lauraceae. Cinnamon (Dalchini) is found in the Himalayan region, Ceylon and Malaya. It is used as an aromatic in a variety of medicine and foods. Due to which the food items are very tasty and full of quality. The cinnamon has different types of some physicochemical properties; foreign matter (28.56 % w/w) and total ash (58.2 % w/w) and water-soluble ash (28.3 % w/w) and water-soluble extractive (28.28 % w/w) and loss on drying (47.8 % w/w) and the help of TLC saw and identify that it has the same bioactive compound which has important medical properties and microbial & pathogen examination, which are useful in medicine and important food industries1. Cinnamon contains a variety of important derivatives with acids and it also has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties & it reduces the growth of cancer cells2. In physicochemical studies, we get information related to the structural characteristics of cinnamon as well as their physicochemical properties and can use them for our use likes the field of medicines, the field of human health, and food preservation.

Background: Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) means any bleeding that is not normal in amount, duration, frequency, and cyclicity. It is a common disorder occurring in reproductive age group females. It can be understood as bleeding that occurs from the uterus outside the normal parameters and there are no structural defects in the genital tract. One of the most common associations with AUB is thyroid dysfunctions. Hence, this study aimed to see the incidence of thyroid-related disorders in AUB and also to assess the menstrual pattern. Methods: A total 145 women suffering from AUB who presented to OPD of the gynecology department of Enam Medical College & Hospital (EMCH), Dhaka, Bangladesh were recruited in the study. All females in 19 to 45 years of age group with abnormal uterine bleeding were included excluding those with a previously known thyroid disorder, abortion history within 3 months, etc. Thyroid function tests were done in all along with ultrasonography of the pelvis region. Data were analyzed using SPSS software v.23.0. and Microsoft office 2007. Results: The bleeding abnormality that was found in most of the women was heavy menstrual bleeding. Out of the 145 patients taken into study 21(14.48%) had thyroid disorders, out of which subclinical hypothyroidism was most prevalent accounting for 16(11.03%) cases, 5(3.45%) cases were found to have hypothyroidism and 2(1.38%) case of hyperthyroidism was detected. Conclusions: Abnormal uterine bleeding has a strong association with thyroid disorders. The most common type of disorder is subclinical hypothyroidism. Thus, all patient of AUB must be evaluated for thyroid dysfunction.

The study aims to identify the determinants of profitability in Saudi insurance companies. For this purpose, the data were collected about the study variables (company size, debt ratio, loss ratio, retention ratio, investment income) as independent variables. To measure its impact on the profitability of insurance companies, expressed as return on assets (ROA) and return on equity (ROE). Using Panel Data for 25 insurance companies in Saudi Arabia during (2010-2016), the random-effects model (REM) was used to examine the relationship between the profitability of insurance companies and the independent variables. The study concluded that the profitability of insurance companies is significantly associated with the size of the insurance company, debt ratio, and the rate of actual loss. The results also showed that the volume of written premiums is the most influential variable on the profitability of insurance companies, followed by the indebtedness rate and then the actual loss.

Introduction: Vaginal discharge is one of the most common problems faced by women in reproductive ages. Most of the time it caused by bacteria, fungi or parasites and many times these infections are sexually transmitted. Aim of the study: The aim of this study is to observe the responses of improvement symptoms and to reduce the risk of complication. Methods: This randomized study was conducted in Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology OPD in Shaheed M. Monsur Ali Medical College and Hospital. Two hundred and nineteen patients were selected with the complaints of vaginal discharge with or without urinary symptoms, pruritus vulvae and lower abdominal pain. Couple were given one day combination kit therapy, containing (Fluconazole 150 mg, Azithromycin 1 gm, Secnidazole 2 gm). They were called after two weeks to know about their outcome of treatment or persisting symptoms. Result: In the study population, 55% women had excellent response for vaginal discharge, 46.8% women had excellent response for urinary symptoms and 62.3% women had excellent response for pruritus vulvae. Most common adverse effects of kit therapy were anorexia 44.54%, metallic taste 32.77% and nausea 38.66%. Conclusion: This strategy has had a considerable impact in decreasing the burden of STD in society with high cure rate for vaginal discharge.