Cancer is uncontrolled division of the cells and has to capability to evade central endogenous control mechanism and as result of this spread to the surrounding tissue. The accumulating knowledge about development and progression of cancer can be used to develop more precise diagnostic and more effective and or less toxic cancer therapies. It is the second leading cause of death worldwide. After cardiac disease cancer has emerged as an important cause of mortality and morbidity in India. In 2019 annual cases grew by 23.6 million and 10 million deaths worldwide. The article compiled with the objective to know regarding the challenges and opportunities in cancer research in India.

This study tries to ascertain how company characteristics, financial success, and excellent corporate governance affect the quality of report disclosures (In Manufacturing Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange 2017-2020). Purposive sampling was used to determine the sample in this study, which used data from the annual reports of the Indonesia Stock Exchange and riot reports from 2017 to 2020 as the population and sample. The analytical approach of this study uses statistical techniques and the application of Eviews 12. The findings of this study indicate that although company size has no significant effect on the quality of sustainability report disclosure, other factors such as return on assets (ROA), independent commissioners, and audit committees have an effect. Based on the studies that have been conducted, it is evident that many businesses are starting to disclose their launch reports to provide more significant data because the volume of disclosures and the quality of reports are improved and validated.

This research examines the effects of psychological empowerment on firm performance through the mediation of innovation types. Using survey data of 202 employees in Saudi Arabia SMEs and a structural equation modeling (SEM) approach, the study finds that psychological empowerment can enhance, directly and indirectly, firm performance. The study also finds that psychological empowerment produces a positive effect on innovation types. Moreover, the study finds an innovative type sequentially mediates the relationships between psychological empowerment and firm performance. An examination of psychological empowerment helps identify a critical psychological process and understanding how empowerment affects firm performance. Furthermore, an organization’s ability to change its capacity and innovation is associated with the observable characteristics of SMEs and the environmental requirements. Contributions to both research and practice are considered, as well as the study’s limitations and followed by the study’s conclusions.

Narcotics abusers for themselves are guaranteed rehabilitation, but in Article 127 of Law No. 35 of 2009 concerning Narcotics, narcotics abusers also become subjects who can be punished and can lose their rehabilitation rights, unless they can be proven to be victims of narcotics. The purpose of this study was to find out the Weaknesses of the Implementation of Medical and social rehabilitation and to reconstruct the Humane-Based Medical and Social Rehabilitation of Victims of Narcotics Abuse. This research uses socio-legal research as an effort to understand the law in context with the constructivist paradigm. The results of the study show that the weaknesses in the implementation of medical and social rehabilitation for victims of narcotics abuse can be seen in that narcotics abusers and non-dealers receive criminal sanctions in the form of imprisonment and fines for their actions. Article 127 and Article 103 of Law no. 35 of 2009 concerning Narcotics stipulate that a judge "can" decide to place the user to undergo rehabilitation where the rehabilitation period is also counted as a sentence period where such a system in criminal law is known as the Double Track System. Starting from the notion that punishment is essentially only a tool to achieve the goal of punishment, then in the new narcotics criminal concept, first of all, the purpose of punishment is formulated. Efforts to reconstruct the implementation of medical and social rehabilitation for victims of narcotics abuse based on human values can be carried out by reformulating the norms of Law Number 35 of 2009, specifically regarding the position of narcotics abusers through setting suitable types of sanctions and providing benefits according to their work and affirming the purpose of the article on the qualifications of an offense other narcotics crimes whose elements can be fulfilled automatically when a person abuses narcotics for himself.

Mobile phones is playing an incredible role in the hands of the younger generation and becoming an integral part of survival, even some have even gone to the extent of saying that they would rather survive without food for a day than without their mobile phones. Mobile phones are both a curse and a boon to the newer generation as phones are being primarily used for education and entertainment purposes; it also inculcates a lot of ill habits in the younger generation. The purpose of this research is to understand the usage of mobile phones for academic, personal and other reasons by the students of university in Oman. To shed light on the nature and sensitivity of the mobile phone usage on students and its effect on them. The main objective of the research is to understand the perceptions and effects of mobile phone usage by the University students in Oman. The outcomes of the study will be beneficial for students and university administrators for improving existing mobile phone usage to be more effective for the benefit of University students. The research is descriptive and structured questionnaire is administered through google forms for collecting the primary data. The Population is 796 including all the levels of students in business department (i.e Diploma, Advanced diploma and B.tech). The sample size is 266 with (95% confidence level). Stratified convenient sampling method is used to collect data from the students of business department at University in Oman. As the data collected is not normally distributed, so Non- Parametric tests like Man Whitney-U-test and Kruskal wallis test is used for testing the hypothesis. Findings revealed that there is a difference of opinion among respondents on gender and time spent towards Perception, hindrance factors and the effect of the mobile phone on students learning activities. Future research can be extended to factors like social and family related issues to get a better idea about the research. Further it can also be extended to schools in Oman to know the students basic understanding and usage of mobile phone and its impact on them.

Introduction: This study aimed to determine the sex ratio and the average age of deceased persons in the town of Kananga, commune of Ndesha. Method: This is a cross- sectional descriptive type study, we used the documentary analysis method to collect the data and had a sample of 269 deaths notified to the Civil Registry between 2018 and 2020. Results: The crude mortality rate (CBR) in the commune of Ndesha is estimated at 0.044% or 4.4 deaths per 10,000 inhabitants between 2018 and 2020. This rate has decreased very slightly over time, from 3.5 per 10,000 in 2018 to 4.8 per ten thousand in 2020. The age group 0-14 is the most affected, with 108 cases or 34.2%; those from Demba (with 30.9%) and Dibaya (with 26.4% of cases) are the most represented. The male gender represents 64.3% of cases against 35.7% of female subjects; the sex ratio is 1.8 men who die for every 1 woman. The average age of the deceased subjects is 38.7 years, with a standard deviation of 27.8: it is therefore dispersed between 10.9 and 66.5 years. Conclusion: The inhabitants of the commune of Ndesha do not register their deaths with the civil status service of the commune. For this, we recommend to the municipal authorities to impose on the population the death certificate when a family member is dead to allow the country to have a mortality statistics.

Background: The integration of digital tools into clinical practice holds significant promise for enhancing chronic disease management, yet little known about healthcare provider attitudes towards this integration, particularly in the context of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Aim: This qualitative study aimed to explore healthcare provider attitudes towards the integration of digital tools into clinical practice for chronic disease management in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Methods: Semi-structured interviews conducted with healthcare providers from various healthcare settings in Riyadh. Purposive sampling employed to select participants, and data were analyzed using thematic analysis to identify key themes and patterns. Results: 33 healthcare professionals were interviewed. Participants expressed mixed attitudes towards the integration of digital tools into clinical practice for chronic disease management. Perceived benefits included improved patient outcomes, enhanced efficiency of care delivery, and increased patient engagement. However, challenges such as technological barriers, resistance to change, and concerns about data privacy and security were also reported. Factors influencing digital tool adoption included organizational support, training needs, and perceived usefulness. Conclusion: The findings highlight the complex attitudes and considerations surrounding the integration of digital tools into clinical practice for chronic disease management among healthcare providers in Riyadh. Addressing barriers and enhancing support mechanisms are crucial for promoting successful adoption and utilization of digital health technologies in healthcare settings. These insights can inform policy, practice, and research initiatives aimed at optimizing chronic disease management through the effective integration of digital tools.

Background: Acne is a chronic inflammatory disease known to occur in adolescent age group. There are many myths and misconceptions in adolescent as well regarding the prevention and treatment of acne. Objectives: The main goal of this study to assess awareness regarding acne vulgaris among adolescent students in Kamel Ibrahim and Abdulla Ibn Abbas secondary school in Shendi town. Method: This was descriptive study conducted among 100 students in secondary schools, data was collected by self-administered structured questionnaire using multistage stratified sample. Data was analyzed by using statistic package for social sciences (SPSS) version (20). Result: The study clarified that approximately half (49%) of study group their age between (13- 15) years, while (56%) of them had poor knowledge about definition of acne also (16%),(12%) of them had fair knowledge about type and site respectively and majority (88%) (83%) of them had poor knowledge about psychological problem and prevention of acne. Conclusion: The finding of the study pointed out that students had low level of awareness regarding acne in spite of it appear in this period.

Background: Ensuring patient safety is a crucial aspect of healthcare quality. The cultural and practical aspects of this concept are intertwined with the shared values, attitudes and behaviors within a healthcare organization that decides their level of commitment towards achieving better outcomes for their patients. The culture in both perception and application by medical practitioners holds immense importance not only for patients' well-being but also presents an impact on overall healthcare performances. To put into effect methods for maintaining effective safety strategies, it becomes indispensable to study the perception and practices on patient safety by healthcare professionals. However, there remains a scarcity of research exploring this in public hospitals located within the Najran Region, in Saudi Arabia. Aims: The purpose of this particular qualitative study was to investigate what healthcare professionals think about both the culture and practices in place regarding patient safety. Methods: The methods employed for this research included using a descriptive phenomenological approach, where semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 healthcare professionals who were chosen intentionally. Results: After conducting thematic analysis, certain key themes associated with patient safety culture and practices emerged. This analysis revealed complex dynamics surrounding these themes. Conclusions: Ultimately, the findings from this study are indicative of how essential it is to pay attention to patient safety culture and practices when trying to improve healthcare quality at public hospitals located within Najran Region. Recommendations: Based on the study's discoveries, it is recommended that healthcare institutions put their resources into implementing ongoing programs aimed at bolstering patient safety. Furthermore, they should foster an environment of communication and effective teamwork to promote successful outcomes. Additionally, policies that prioritize learning from errors instead of laying blame can encourage a culture of justice. Lastly, hospital leaders could improve overall practices related to patient safety by displaying a high level of commitment. These recommendations offer guidance for healthcare providers and administrators in making progress toward establishing safer environments for patients in their care.

Introduction: Dengue is a major health problem affecting Bangladesh. The number of cases has increased over the last few years with a large number of populations being children. However data regarding dengue among children is limited. Aim of the Study: Aim of the study was to highlight the most common clinical features and hematological and biochemical findings of patients with dengue fever. Methods: This hospital-based observational study was conducted at the Department of Pediatrics of Dhaka Shishu Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh. The study was carried out from 15th May to 14th Octobar 2022 with 220 patients. Result: Total 220 children were enrolled in the study. There was a slight male predominance where male constituted 125 (56.81%) of the study group, while female was 95 (43.19%). That gave a male to female ratio of 1.18:1. Out of 44 cases of raised prothrombin time dengue fever consists of 14 (31.82%), 28 (63.64%) cases of dengue Fever with warning and 2 (4.55%) of severe dengue. In our study 26 (21.7%) cases had complication that was more common in age group of less than of 4 years (31.8%). In our study, complication of dengue was more common in dengue with warning sign (35.6%). In our study 44 (18.63%) cases have complication that is more common in age group of less than of (5-8) years. Conclusion: Hepatic involvement is more common in severe dengue associated with significant rise of liver enzymes. Hepatomegaly is the most important clinical sign but alteration of liver profile can occur with or without hepatomegaly.

Background: Purposeful Hourly Nurse Rounding (PHNR) is a key strategy for improving patient satisfaction and safety in healthcare settings (Saleh,2011). Implementing effective hourly rounding models has gained attention in public hospitals due to the potential positive impact on patient outcomes. However, there is limited research exploring the qualitative aspects of purposeful hourly nurse rounding models in public hospitals. Understanding the perspectives of nurses and patients involved in these models is crucial for optimizing their effectiveness. Aim: This study aimed to qualitatively explore purposeful hourly nurse rounding models in public hospitals from the perspectives of nurses and patients. Specifically, it sought to understand the experiences, perceptions, and attitudes towards purposeful hourly rounding, and identify the potential barriers and facilitators in implementing and sustaining these models. Methods: A qualitative research design utilizing semi-structured interviews was employed to collect data from a purposive sample of nurses and patients in public hospitals practicing purposeful hourly nurse rounding. The interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using thematic analysis. Rigorous adherence to ethical considerations was maintained throughout the research process. Results: The findings revealed several themes related to purposeful hourly nurse rounding models in public hospitals. Nurses highlighted increased patient satisfaction and improved communication as key benefits of purposeful hourly rounding. They also emphasized the importance of time management, teamwork, and leadership support in successful implementation. Patients reported feeling more supported, cared for, and involved in their care during purposeful hourly nurse rounding, leading to enhanced satisfaction and confidence in the healthcare system. Conclusion: This qualitative exploration of purposeful hourly nurse rounding models in public hospitals highlights the positive impact on both nurses and patients. It underscores the significance of effective communication, teamwork, and leadership involvement in successful implementation of purposeful hourly rounding. The findings underscore the potential benefits of purposeful hourly nurse rounding in public hospitals and emphasize the need for further research to optimize and sustain these models.

Objective: Metal based nanomaterials has been implicated in the treatment and healing of antibiotic – resistant bacteria infected wounds such as found in patients with tuberculosis, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and diabetes. Current research investigates the wound healing potentiation of green synthesized silver nanoparticles in the presence of Gentamicin in Wistar rats. Methods: The reaction of phytochemical extracts of Anonna muricata and aqueous solution of silver nitrate afforded the silver nanoparticles used in this study. The silver nanoparticles produced were subsequently characterized using advanced spectroscopic techniques including; Transmission electron microscopy, Ultra-violet visible spectroscopy and Photon correlation spectroscopy (DLS). Adult Wistar rats were divided into five (5) groups of three rats each. Excision wound (3.0 mm diameter) were made on the dorsal part of each rat under anesthesia. Topical application of various test formulation were administered on the excision wound twice daily and wound healing parameters such as % wound contraction, re-epithelialization time and scare formation were monitored over a period of 12 days . Group 1 received simple ointment base, group 2 received 0.01 % w/w penicillin in ointment base, group 3 received 0.01 %w/w gentamicin in ointment base only, group 4 received 1.0 % w/w silver nanoparticles in ointment base, while group 5 received a combination of 1.0 % w/w silver nanoparticles and 0.01 % w/w gentamicin. Results: The mean particle size of the bio-synthesized silver nanoparticle were found to be 24 ± 1.0 nm. There are observed synergy in wound healing effect amongst the combination of silver nanoparticles and gentamicin after 12 days with respect to the % wound contraction, re-epithelialization time and scare formation when compared to single formulation and controls. Conclusion: Improved wound healing could be achieved using nanotechnology.

Background: Primary healthcare services are vital components of the global public healthcare system, ensuring access to essential medical services, preventive care, and addressing various health needs. This study focuses on the challenges faced by residents of the Najran Region in accessing and utilizing primary healthcare services in Saudi Arabia. Aim: The aim of this investigation is to shed light on the barriers that residents in the Najran Region face when it comes to accessing and utilizing primary healthcare services and to emphasize the need for targeted interventions to enhance the primary healthcare system. Methods: A mixed-methods research approach, incorporating quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews, was employed to assess the accessibility and utilization of primary healthcare services in the Najran Region. The study examined factors such as geographical accessibility, socio-economic determinants, and healthcare-seeking behaviors. Results: The study found several challenges in accessing and utilizing primary healthcare services in the Najran Region. These challenges are influenced by geographical accessibility, socio-economic determinants, and healthcare-seeking behaviors. The results highlight the need for targeted strategies to improve service accessibility and utilization. Conclusion: The accessibility and utilization of primary healthcare services in the Najran Region, Saudi Arabia, are critical areas that require attention. Strengthening the primary healthcare system is essential to address the identified challenges and improve healthcare outcomes.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has posed unprecedented challenges to healthcare systems worldwide, emphasizing the importance of holistic approaches to address the psychosocial needs of individuals and communities. This study explores the impact of COVID-19 related social support services in primary health care centers (PHCCs) in Saudi Arabia. Aim: The aim of this qualitative study is to examine the effectiveness, challenges, and potential areas for improvement in the delivery of COVID-19 related social support services within PHCCs in Saudi Arabia. Methods: Semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions were conducted with healthcare providers and administrators involved in the provision of social support services within 22 PHCCs in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Data were analyzed thematically to identify key themes related to service effectiveness, challenges, and stakeholder perspectives. Results: The findings highlight the effectiveness of COVID-19 social support services in promoting psychosocial well-being and resilience among individuals served by PHCCs. However, challenges such as resource constraints, logistical barriers, and coordination issues were identified as significant barriers to integration and service delivery. Conclusion: This study underscores the importance of continued investment in social support initiatives within PHCCs to optimize the delivery and effectiveness of services amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. By addressing resource constraints, enhancing coordination, and adopting person-centered approaches to service delivery, PHCCs can play a crucial role in supporting the well-being of individuals and communities affected by the pandemic. Further research is needed to evaluate the long-term impact of social support interventions and identify strategies for sustainability and scalability within PHCCs.

Preformed crowns represent a fundamental component of pediatric restorative dentistry, offering durable and esthetically pleasing solutions for the management of extensive carious lesions, developmental defects, and traumatic injuries in primary teeth. This review provides a comprehensive assessment of preformed crowns in pediatric dentistry, encompassing their indications, types, clinical techniques, outcomes, and advancements in material science.