The Indian telecom market is the second-largest telecommunication market in the world. The market is fiercely competitive due to the rising subscriber base and increasing demand for network connectivity. The present study tries to analyze the strategies and policies that determine the survival of the mobile telecom operators of India. The focus is also on the benefits and drawbacks of various factors that eventually lead to the success or failure of these companies. The study is based on an exploratory research method where 30 doctoral theses have been reviewed, and secondary sources, namely valuable reports, and websites, have been referred to. Gleaned from the literature review, it is found that with efficient policy-making, the Indian telecom industry deliberated on infrastructural support, technological advancement, and industrial development. The success of an organization depends not only on effective telecom policy structure but also on customer loyalty, customer retention, marketing mix, service quality, and corporate image of the telecom operators. All these factors positively influenced customer perception and satisfaction and motivated customers’ buying decision to have a competitive edge in the telecom market.

Darvyadi Ghrita is a polyherbal formulation and is mainly indicated for the diarrhoea. It is mentioned in Charak Samhita by Acharya Charak. Preparation of oleaginous dosage form is described as Sneha Kalpana performed by subjecting Ghrita or oil to a particular pattern of heat treated with Kalka (Paste) of Kutaja, Daruharidra, Pippali, Shunthi, Katuka, Draksha and Kwath (Decoction) of same ingredients. Murchana is a pre procedure to Sneha Kalpana in which Ghrita is treated with few drugs. The main ingredients of Darvyadi Ghrita is Kutaja (Holarrhena Antidysentrica Wall.), Daruharidra (Berberis Aristata DC.), Pippali (Piper Longum Linn.), Shunthi (Zingiber Officinale Rosc.), Katuka (Picrorhiza kurroa Royle ex.Benth), Draksha (Vitis Vinifera Linn.) and Go-Ghrita. In Ayurvedic therapeutics the Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of the drug entirely depends upon Rasa, Virya, Vipaka, Prabhava and balance of Tridosha in the body. The ingredients of Darvyadi Ghrita with their Rasapanchaka, are very much competent to exhibit anti-bacterial and anti-diarrheal property from Ayurvedic perspective.

Science, Technology and Innovation (STI) is gradually seen by countries in Sub-Sahara African as the engine for economic growth and general uplifting of the standard of living. As a result, Innovation is embraced but institutional weaknesses hinder the required outcome. This paper's aim is to examine the connection between innovation and development in sub-Saharan Africa while considering the function of institutes and other elements. This is in light of the fact that institutions act as the lubricant for progress. The Middle East and North Africa are not included in the scope of the paper, which largely focuses on sub-Saharan African nations. Some western nations and developing economies are, nonetheless, occasionally used as comparison points. We analyze data from reputable organizations like the World Bank, Polity IV, and considering a gauge of innovation and GDP per capita, the quantity of scientific publications published as a proxy for development, the Economic Freedom of the World Project will evaluate a panel of 22 economies in sub-Saharan Africa (EFW). Our results from the POLS and GMM IV regression show, among other things, that innovation has a favorable impact on the development of Africa, even though the impact looks insignificant. Although the majority of the nations in the county have established institutional frameworks for science, technology, and innovation (STI), evidence suggests that the slow rate at which innovation contributes to national development is due to obstacles in the design and implementation of STI policies. The outcome highlights the region's little advancement in the technology-capability indicators. To establish and execute STI policies in the region, a lot more has to be done in the area of collaboration between public entities and parastatals.

Twelve infants aged below six months were sampled from Women and Children Hospital of Ramadi, Iraq during the period April the 1st 2021 till October the 1st 2022. Infants were divided into two main groups; breast and bottle milk fed. Each group comprise three males and three females. Samples of feces were collected and lactobacillus specie were extracted. The extract was used once alone and another as a mixture with each of Amoxicillin, Amikacin and Cefixime antibiotics on petri dishes cultured with Staphylococcus, Klabsella and Psedudomonas bacteria. Diameter of inhibition was measure and resulted data were subjected to statistical analysis. The results of the statistical analysis showed that lactobacillus specie extract with the Cefixime has significantly highest mean diameter of inhibition compared to all other types of treatments. Infants who were on breast milk fed showed significantly better respond to the treatment than their counter part in the bottle milk fed group. Klabsella was found to respond weakly under almost all of the applied treatments.

Financial inclusion is an effort to give access and make sure that the usage of financial services by underserved population. Formers financial inclusion is very important for increasing the standard of living and it’s an important tool for empowerment of farmers. There are many financial services which are available exclusively to farmers Like KCC, PMFBY, Crop Loan etc. but the usage of those services is not satisfactory among the farmers. In this paper, we are analyzing whether the financial services to farmers are influencing the financial inclusion of famers. The primary data is collected from 160 farmers and data is analyzed by using various statistical techniques like correlation, parametric test by using statistical software called SPSS and MS Excel. The study reveals that the digital financial services are increasing the financial inclusion among farmers and there is lack of awareness about most of the financial services available to the farmers.

Nepal, a developing nation with a population of over 29 million, heavily relies on the construction sector for its economic growth and development. However, delays in construction projects have adversely affected the country's national economy. This research aims to identify the main factors that contribute to construction project delays in Nepal and proposes solutions to address these issues. A detailed descriptive analysis was conducted by reviewing six selected journals. The findings indicate that inadequate planning, weak monitoring, poor site conditions, design changes, lack of construction materials, equipment, and manpower, low bidding of contracts, unrealistic contract durations, lack of coordination among team members, variation of quantities during project execution phases, climate change, inflation, natural calamities, rapid changes in government, strikes, holidays, insufficient budget allocation, and political and governmental issues are the primary causes of construction project delays in Nepal. These delays have significant implications for Nepal's economic growth and development. For example, delays in the construction of critical infrastructure, such as roads and bridges, can hamper access to essential services, hinder trade and commerce, and result in delayed project delivery, increased project costs, negative impact on the project's reputation or impression on donor agencies, stress among concerned authorities, negative impacts on economy and society, strained relationships, and communication breakdowns. To address these issues, all stakeholders, including the government, contractors, and project owners, must be involved in implementing the recommended solutions. The proposed solutions include improving planning and monitoring, ensuring availability of materials, equipment, and manpower, enhancing coordination among team members, realistic contract bidding and duration, and addressing political and governmental issues. The findings of this study have implications for other developing countries facing similar challenges in the construction sector. By implementing the recommended solutions, Nepal can overcome these obstacles and achieve its infrastructure development goals, promoting economic growth and improving the quality of life for its citizens. In conclusion, this research highlights the need for a coordinated effort by all stakeholders to address construction project delays in Nepal, which is critical for the country's progress and development.

Bilateral quadricipital tendon rupture is a rare lesion, especially in patients with different chronic diseases. We report the case of a bilateral rupture of the quadricipital tendon in a young patient followed for chronic renal failure on hemodialysis for 17 years. Surgical repair was successfully performed using bone sutures and reinforcement by metal framing. We present our results with a literature review.

The Purpose of this research is addressed specifically how legal protection of human rights for fetuses (children) outside of legal marriage according to statutory provisions in Indonesia. This research is normative law research, also referred to as doctrinal law research. In this type of legal research, the concept of law is frequently thought of as what is written in laws and regulations (law in books) or as a rule or norm which is a standard for acceptable human behavior. The current statutory provisions do not fully guarantee a child's (foetus') right to life outside of a legal marriage, so the foetus may not be able to live as it should. This is due to a variety of factors from the child's prospective mother. The state, in this case the government, should develop a new paradigm that ensures the survival of children regardless of their legal marital status.

This study aims to prove empirically the effect of profitability, solvability, and liquidity on financial distress in transportation and logistics companies in Indonesia. The study population consisted of transportation and logistics companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for 2018 and 2019 compared to 2020 and 2021. The research sample of 22 companies was obtained by purposive sampling method. This study uses an associative quantitative study method by testing the effect of the dependent variable independently and conducting a comparative test before and during covid 19. The results show that profitability, solvability, and liquidity variables have a significant effect on financial distress before covid 19. The results are different during the period Observations during covid 19, profitability and liquidity variables have a significant effect, but solvability variables have no significant effect on financial distress in transportation and logistics companies in Indonesia. This research shows that the conditions during covid 19 affect the company's solvency along with changes in macroeconomic conditions in Indonesia.

Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises or MSMEs have proven to be the spearhead of the Indonesian economy at the national, regional, and regional levels, including in the Regency/City of Tasikmalaya. The sustainability of MSMEs is a success in business ventures. This can be seen from the digital marketing strategy, financial management, and access to capital, which are the determining factors for the competitiveness of MSMEs products. This study aims to determine the effect of digital marketing, access to capital, and financial management on product competitiveness in Tasikmalaya Regency/City. It can be used as supporting and evaluation material in planning activities and policy planning, increasing MSMEs product competitiveness in Tasikmalaya Regency/City. The research method used quantitative research using a questionnaire instrument distributed to MSMEs actors in the Tasikmalaya Regency/City with 74 respondents. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression with the help of the SPSS program. The study results show that digital marketing, access to capital, and financial management positively affect product competitiveness in Tasikmalaya Regency/City.

Nonketotic hyperglycemia is a rare cause of hemichorea-hemiballismus. We report a case hemichorea-hemiballismus secondary to nonketotic hyperglycemia revealing an inaugural diabetes mellitus. A 55 year-old woman, admitted for subacute-onset of continuous involuntary movements in the right upper and lower limb since three days ago. The movements increased with action, decreased with relaxation, and disappeared during sleep. As the condition did not affect her trunk, other limbs, or her face and no other conditions were evident. At admission, the right upper and lower limb was moving involuntarily. The movement was wild, flailing, and repetitive with varied amplitudes and frequencies. No tremor and rigidity were elucidated and cerebellar signs were negative. Laboratory tests revealed diabetes mellitus, with a fasting blood glucose level of 4,60 g/L and a hemoglobin A1C level of 14.0%. The urine examination was negative for ketones. CT of the brain showed left pallidum hyperdensity. The brain MRI revealed hyperintense signal in the left pallidum on T1-weighted images and isointensity on T2-weighted images. Other laboratory results were within the normal range. A diagnosis of hyperglycemia-associated hemichorea-hemiballismus was made. An insulin treatment and oral antidiabetics were instored. She was subsequently discharged after 14 days of hospital stay with improved glycemic control. Three months after, her chorea-ballismus was completely resolved. A control of brain MRI six month after showed marked improvement in the putaminal changes. Vigilance for this cause of hemichorea-hemiballism is important, since the movement disorder may be the presentation of potentially dangerous underlying hyperglycemia.

COVID-19 pandemic caused enormous damage to the economy and financial status of many countries as well as influenced the peoples’ health and wellbeing, also its impact nurses' job satisfaction and their intention to leave their profession as the nurses form the vast majority of health care workers who have been in the frontline in the pandemic fight. This review aims to assess the factors associated with nurses intention to leave during the covid-19 pandemic. This research paper was made by analyzing the findings of previous studies related to nurses' job satisfaction and intention to leave the job during the (COVID-19) pandemic. The review used Whittemore and Knalfl to conduct the review and locate the related paper. This method considers a broad review method because it allowed the researcher to include varied research types. The findings showed three factors that had a significant impact on nurses' intention to leave, which include: a) fear of COVID 19,b) leak of social support, and c) work-related factors. Analyzing the studies on factors associated with nurses' Intention to Leave during the COVID-19 pandemic revealed various interrelated factors on nurses' intention to leave, including fear of COVID 19, leak support, and several work-related factors.

The digitalization of commerce and finance has brought us to the era of e-business and e-transactions. E-business transactions refer to the use of electronics in the carrying out of commercial activities (sales and purchases). Unfortunately, the rise of e-business transactions has been plagued by the issue of electronic fraud, which has become prevalent now more than ever. Mathematics as a field is fundamental to life and present in virtually every aspect of man’s life and is an essential tool required and used in problem-solving. The business world is not exempt from the influence of mathematics, and considering this, this study explores the relevance of mathematical knowledge and skills in e-business transactions, as well as in solving the problem of electronic fraud. Mathematics was shown to be useful in fraud prevention tools and strategies like cryptography, data management, and optimization, risk assessment, fraud prevention algorithms, etc. We suggest that all the stakeholders in every field should teach the importance and use of mathematical knowledge and skills to all learners in the entire education system and efforts toward encouraging the development of mathematical knowledge and skills for individuals across all fields, especially in science, technology, business world and in form of training among others.

Intercellular communication is an integral part of the physiological process in a living organism. Evidence has shown that a significant amount of human protein-coding genes is endowed with the production of membrane and secreted protein types. Some of these proteins possessed post-translational influence that interferes with cellular functions. Recently the concept of cell communication gravitated to the use of membrane-bound particles called Extracellular Vesicles (EVs). EVs are released from the host cell and impact on the recipient cell through its contents (Cargo). The cargo contains various particles such as lipids, proteins, RNA, and glycolipids derived from the host cells. The current widespread research in EVs has brought its mediating role in physiological and pathological processes to limelight. Though the regulatory part of EVs has been widely embraced by researchers, the discrepancy associated with its collection and isolation as well as its analysis has remained a subject of debate in the literature. The facts emanating from the literature suggest that EVs, with its prospective application in Reproductive biology, has prompted extensive research in the last decade. Its knowledge has broadened the scope of understanding the physiology and pathology scenarios involved in reproductive processes. As a potential biomarker, it has become a valuable tool for diagnosis, prognostic, and therapeutic purposes, especially in the context of reproductive processes. However, the challenges of standardizing the isolation, purification, and analyzing EVs have remained a nightmare that need to be surmounted. Emerging evidence has demonstrated its impact in gamete development, fertilization, and embryo implantation. Thus, it could serve as a platform to understand the mechanism of conception and implantation. By extension, define a therapeutic approach for women with recurrent pregnancy loss.

We present thirteen examples of pulmonary pneumocystis (PCP) in patients without HIV infection. Eight men and five women, average age 55, with one instance of breast neoplasia, two cases of DICV, one case of "Goodpasture's syndrome," one case of idiopathic fibrosing PINS treated with extended corticotherapy for two years, and the other patient without known immunosuppression. In 11 cases, there is persistent dyspnea and severe hypoxia. Lymphopenia (9 instances), with a 920.76 element/mm3 average rate. Except in two cases where examination of the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was required, the diagnosis was established by the isolation of Pneumocystis jiroveci in the induced sputum. The evolution was positive in every case while receiving trimethoprine-sulfametaxazole and corticosteroid therapy.