Ecological discourse analysis, as an emerging discipline, aims to reveal the role of language in ecology. The transitivity system serves as a theoretical foundation, which helps to explore the ecological ideas implied in ecological discourse. William Wordsworth, a British Romantic poet, is famous for his poetry depicting natural scenery. I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud is a representative work of his nature poems. Based on the transitivity system of systemic functional linguistics, this paper conducts a deep analysis of Wordsworth's nature poem I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud from the perspective of ecological discourse analysis, exploring the basic path of the poet's expression of his ecological view through language. On the one hand, the poet regards the relationship between humans and all things in nature as a harmonious and equal dialogue partnership. He wants to advocate respect for nature, awe of nature, and oppose anthropocentrism, promoting the ecological idea of harmonious coexistence between humans and nature, which reflects his positive ecological view. On the other hand, by studying Wordsworth's ecological ideas, readers can be guided to establish a healthy ecological view, enhance their sense of ecological responsibility, and promote people's love for nature and friendship with nature.

This paper aimed at promoting intercultural communicative competence (ICC) through designing intercultural tourism brochures. This is expected to raise the awareness of the tourism stakeholders to the necessity of designing the intercultural tourism brochures and the tourists to insist on having pre- intercultural knowledge about the culture they are intending to have an excursion. Consequently, tourism will develop and prosper on a solid ground of intercultural understanding and diversity. The methodology of this paper was based on suggesting some tourism brochures about six different cultures and destinations. Each brochure includes, the culture, a photo of one of the landmarks, a quote from one of the icons of the targeted culture, an ICC concept, the cultural purpose and “Dos” and Don’ts”. This paper is original since it presents new and creative ideas, applies new method of promoting both tourism and intercultural understanding, and even provides a new vision for developing tourism sector. The study came up with sample tourism brochures, which interpret the concepts of intercultural communicative competence alongside promoting tourism. Consequently, the researcher recommends adopting these tourism brochures by both tourism stakeholders and individuals.

Starch is the most abundant naturally occurring carbohydrate reserve in plants and is found in cereals, roots, tubers, legumes and some immature fruits like bananas or mangos. Starch is usually employed as a food additive, such as a thickening, stabilizer, or texture enhancer to improve some of the products quality characteristics, pharmaceutical and among other. The application of native starch is often restricted owing to its constricted solubility, weak functional attributes and limited tolerance to a wide array of processing conditions. Its low resistance to shear, high retrogradation, and poor freeze-thaw stability, limit the use of starch in industrial applications. These natural shortcomings can be overcome by different methods of modification. In recent decades, enzymatic modifications have been adopted, partly replacing the chemical and physical methods for the preparation of modified starch, as enzymes are safer and healthier than chemical method for both the environment and food consumers. Several enzymes viz., alfa-amylase, beta-amylase, glucose isomerase, pullulanase, xylanase, among others are use in modification of starch. The enzymatic modification of starch molecules directly affected properties of the modified starch especially in freeze-thaw stability of gels and retardation of retrogradation during storage. Combined enzymatic modification resulted in a marked increase in resistant starch and enzyme modified starch can be well utilized as a fat replacer. It is environment-friendly method and can provide desired functional characteristics.

This research aims to determine the effect of digitalization of tax services and tax understanding from taxpayers on the level of taxpayer compliance by making tax sanctions as an intervening variable. The sample and population of this study are corporate taxpayers registered with the KPP at the DJP Kanwil West Jakarta. The samples collected in this study totaled 112 samples. Research data from questionnaires distributed directly to the sample. Research data processing uses Smart PLS software. The findings show that digitalization has no impact on tax sanctions or taxpayer compliance. Taxpayer's tax knowledge influences tax sanctions and Taxpayer's tax compliance. Tax sanctions have an influence on taxpayer compliance. Tax sanctions cannot intervene in the digitalization of tax services for taxpayer compliance. Tax sanctions can intervene in the Taxpayer's tax understanding towards the Taxpayer's fulfillment of tax compliance.

Background & Objective: The desire for fairer skin has become a global phenomenon, with colonial remnants in South Asia being identified as contributory factors to the perception of white skin as supreme. Skin lightening products (SLPs) are commonly used to reduce melanin concentration in the skin and achieve a lighter complexion. While SLPs can be medicated for treating hyperpigmented disorders and other skin conditions, their predominant use is for brightening the skin tone. Aim: To investigate the prevalence of SLP usage among males and females in the young generation in Lahore, Pakistan, and assess their knowledge and perception of the associated risks. Additionally, the study will examine the ingredients commonly found in SLPs and their potential adverse effects. Methodology: The instrument employed for the study was self-administered Questionnaire designed by the researcher. The data collected were analyzed as descriptive and bivariate using percentages, mean and median. Result: The study found that a significant percentage of young males and females in Lahore, Pakistan, use skin-lightening products, with social media and advertisements influencing their knowledge about these products. While participants were aware of potential harm from skin-lightening creams, many could not identify the active ingredients. Study highlighted the need for more inclusive beauty standards and consumer education campaigns. The study's results contribute valuable insights into the multifaceted landscape of skin tone perceptions, skin whitening product usage, and the associated complexities. Conclusion: The findings underscore the importance of considering cultural, psychological, and health-related aspects.

This study offers a cross-disciplinary analysis of literature and educational technology in order to examine past and present forms of school-based stigmatization directed at students with learning disabilities. Drawing on an analysis of L’Orange de Noël by Michel Peyramaure, a work that powerfully depicts educational exclusion in rural France in the early twentieth century, the research highlights social representations of cognitive difference, community dynamics of rejection, and forms of pedagogical resistance embodied by the teacher Cécile. At the same time, the study includes an extensive review of current uses of artificial intelligence in higher education, focusing in particular on tools that support reading, writing, and task organization for students experiencing cognitive vulnerability. Bringing these two bodies of material together reveals both the potential of artificial intelligence to foster personalized learning and the ethical, social, and pedagogical limits of its uncritical integration into learning environments. The study argues for an inclusive and reflective approach to educational technologies, grounded in attentive textual interpretation, recognition of cognitive diversity, and active participation of the individuals concerned. It contributes to ongoing debates on pedagogical innovation by demonstrating that genuine inclusion requires a simultaneous rethinking of tools, representations, and educational relationships.

Background: Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) poses a significant global health threat, with treatment challenges linked to patient non-compliance. Education has been proposed as a potential strategy to improve adherence and reduce the risk of MDR-TB. This study aims to assess the impact of education on non-compliance and MDR-TB risk among patients receiving treatment at a specialized hospital. Objective: The primary objective of this retrospective cross-sectional study was to determine whether education provided to MDR-TB patients could reduce non-compliance rates and subsequently mitigate the risk of MDR-TB. Methods: The study included 50 MDR-TB patients who had received at least three months of treatment. Data were collected from the MDR-TB wards at the National Institute of Disease of the Chest and Hospital in Dhaka, spanning from October 2011 to March 2012. Patient education interventions focused on treatment adherence and MDR-TB prevention. Results: The study's findings demonstrate a substantial decrease in non-compliance rates Among MDR-TB patients, 64% had a history of non-compliance, with 72% being male and primarily having lower educational backgrounds. Conversely, 70% of drug-compliant patients had attained at least a secondary education level. Educational interventions led to a significant 20% reduction in non-compliance, from an initial 28% to a final 8%, emphasizing their potential to reduce MDR-TB risk. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the positive impact of education on reducing non-compliance among MDR-TB patients. A 20% reduction in non-compliance rates indicates that educational interventions can effectively contribute to decreasing the risk of MDR-TB. Future efforts should prioritize integrating education into MDR-TB treatment programs to enhance patient adherence and reduce the burden of MDR-TB.

This economic factor is a factor that influences the occurrence of crime, one of which is theft. It is caused in order to fulfill their needs, people will tend to do whatever it is, even if they commit theft. The purpose of this research is to analyze and find the regulation of the criminal justice system against the perpetrators of the crime of theft based on the value of justice. This type of research is social legal research, namely by studying or analyzing primary data and secondary data. This research uses the Constructivism paradigm. The function of theory in a study is to provide clues and predict and explain the object under study. The results of his research are the regulation of the penal system, in fact, it has not yet created justice for the perpetrators of the crime of theft based on the value of justice, because most of these regulations are still based on a classical legal approach which only focuses on punishment and treats all perpetrators of crimes equally without consider the social, economic, and psychological factors that influence the action. These regulations are often considered unfair and discriminatory towards certain social groups, such as the poor or minorities. This results in a widening social gap and a higher possibility of criminal acts. Therefore, a progressive legal approach is needed that takes into account the broader values of justice and the social, economic and psychological contexts that affect perpetrators and victims. With this approach, it is hoped that article 362 of the Criminal Code needs to be reconstructed.

This article analyzes the behavior of the exchange rate and its volatility for the period from December 2, 2003, to November 2, 2023. The analysis conducted was of a quantitative documentary nature; the statistical tool EViews9 was used for data capture, analysis, and interpretation; therefore, it was not experimental. Data analysis was performed using the ARIMA model for exchange rate estimation and the ARCH and GARCH model families for conditional variance estimation – volatility. The results obtained allow observing the trajectory of volatility, whose behavior has been affected by the economic policy followed by the economic authority and the crises generated by subprime mortgages and the pandemic. It is recommended to incorporate other volatility models, as well as comparison with other key variables in the financial sector, particularly the price and quotation index of the Mexican Stock Exchange, to include more relevant information that can improve the behavior of the exchange rate and its volatility.

Unemployment has become an intractable underdevelopment phenomenon in all economies. Though most empirical studies asserts that unemployment is higher in less developed economies as compared to developed ones, it is an established fact that no country has the capacity to provide jobs for all its citizen simultaneously. Hence, the attainment or maintenance of an acceptable rate of unemployment is a major theme of public policy formulators. It is on this backdrop that this research is carried out. The paper aims at showing how government intervention in the agricultural sector was able to develop the sector within a very short interval in Rivers State, Nigeria and using content analysis, draws lessons therefrom for the developing countries for dealing with unemployment.

Criminal law enforcement regulations for perpetrators of violence against children in Indonesia are not based on the value of justice because of the perpetrators of violence against children themselves, where the perpetrators are does not see the law as a law that will bind an action that he has committed but only as an ordinary rule that can be deceived by perpetrators of violence, it is evident that in recent years in Indonesia and in neighboring countries violence against children is still relatively high, this proves that criminal law regulations for perpetrators of violence against children are still considered small, and even more so if there is peace between the parents of the victim and the perpetrator, peace here is in the form of compensation or restitution which does not create a sense of the value of justice for victims of violence, which is essentially considered to have no deterrent effect on perpetrators of violence against children. The focused data is from the Province of North Sumatra, where for some time this area has always received public attention regarding violence against children. In North Sumatra in 2018 there were 1,030 cases recorded with Medan City being the highest, in 2019 there were 705 cases, in 2020 there were 641 cases, in 2021 there were 994 cases with Langkat Regency being the highest, and in 2022 there were 962 cases the highest. It should be noted from the data obtained, from 2018 to 2022 the age of children as victims is between the ages of 13-17 and sexual violence is the highest type of violence, and ranks number two in types of physical violence. weak law enforcement in the process of not being able to make legal wishes come true. These legal regulations will also determine how law enforcement will be carried out. As is the case in Law Number 35 of 2014 concerning Child Protection where prosecution is lighter than the threat of punishment stipulated by law so that the judge's decision is considered relatively light in cases of violence against children.

Gabriel Okara's poem "The Call of the River Nun" is a profound exploration of the intricate relationship between the speaker and the natural world, particularly the river. This study employs a Functional Stylistic approach to dissect the linguistic and thematic nuances embedded within the poem. Through an examination of contextual variations, registers, and communicative functions, this analysis unveils the dynamic evolution of the speaker's connection with the river, culminating in a contemplation of life's transient nature and a quest for spiritual insight. The poem initiates with a direct acknowledgment of the river's call, establishing a context of auditory perception and suggesting a spiritual connection between the speaker and nature. As the poem progresses, the language evolves, reflecting a deepening emotional attachment to the river and a yearning for intimate communion. The poem transitions to a dynamic context, emphasizing the river's role as a driving force in the speaker's journey through life. In the final stanzas, the poem contemplates the passage of time and the approaching culmination of the speaker's journey. The sea-bird call emerges as a metaphor for transition, signifying the impending conclusion of a cycle. The language becomes symbolic and metaphysical, reflecting the speaker's contemplation of life's transient nature and the pursuit of spiritual insight. This Functional Stylistic analysis illuminates the intricate interplay between language, emotion, and the natural world in Okara's evocative poem. It underscores the transformative power of the river's call and the profound existential questions it raises. Ultimately, this study offers a deeper understanding of the poem's thematic concerns and the role of language in conveying those concerns, providing insights into Okara's skillful use of stylistic elements to evoke a spiritual connection with nature.

Introduction: Metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is one of the most common liver diseases worldwide. NAFLD is associated with metabolic syndrome, which consists of obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia. This study aimed to identify the role of Genetic polymorphism in the development of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease among the family members of metabolic-associated steatohepatitis cirrhosis patients. Methods: This was a cross-sectional observational study conducted in the Department of Hepatology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh, from January 2015 to December 2016. In this study, 50 patients with NASH cirrhosis attended Hepatology OPD or were admitted to the inpatient department within the study period, and 81 first-degree family members were included after considering inclusion and exclusion criteria. Result: The mean age was 35.34 ± 10.29 years, and the mean BMI was 25.59 ± 4.28. Serum lipid profiles showed mean HDL at 36.91 ± 7.49 mg/dL and triglycerides at 161.23 ± 59.76 mg/dL. Male predominance (54.32%) was observed among family members. A total of 78% of families had 1st-degree relatives affected by fatty liver. Fatty liver was present in 47 family members (58%), with 36 (76.6%) showing PNPLA3 polymorphism (C/G), compared to 19 (55.9%) in the non-fatty liver group (P=0.033). Comparing metabolic syndrome components, fatty liver family members showed significantly higher serum triglycerides (>150 mg/dL, P=0.001), fasting glucose (>5.6 mmol/L, P=0.003), and HDL <40 mg/dL for males or <50 mg/dL for females. Conclusion: This study showed that family members of MASH cirrhosis patients show a high prevalence of fatty liver, metabolic abnormalities, and PNPLA3 polymorphism, especially in 1st-degree relatives.

The development of abrupt respiratory failure linked to fluid buildup in the lung's alveolar spaces due to an elevated heart-filling pressure is known as pulmonary oedema. Pulmonary oedema can result from any cardiac condition marked by a rise in left ventricular pressure. Long-term high capillary pressure can potentially break down the barrier, resulting in increased fluid transfer and permeability into the alveoli and atelectasis and oedema. Numerous variables, such as dysregulated inflammation, strong leukocyte infiltration, activation of procoagulant processes, cell death, and mechanical stress, contribute to the disruption of the alveolar-epithelial barrier. In order to properly treat patients with pulmonary oedema, a thorough medical history and a physical examination are necessary to assess the condition's symptoms and possible causes. In the interim, second-level diagnostic procedures such as echocardiography, chest radiograph, natriuretic peptide level, and pulmonary ultrasonography should be performed. To determine the best course of treatment for these patients, it is imperative to identify the unique pulmonary oedema phenotype. Early in the course of treating this illness, non-invasive ventilation should be taken into consideration. For pulmonary congestion, diuretics and vasodilators are employed. Vasopressors and inotropes are sometimes needed to address hypoperfusion. Additional strategies (i.e., beta-agonists and pentoxifylline) may be beneficial for patients with diuretic resistance and chronic symptoms. The pathogenesis, clinical manifestation, and therapy of pulmonary oedema are reviewed in this publication.

Introduction: Adequate prenatal treatment is crucial to supporting optimal fetal development, appropriate organogenesis, and a robust immune system in the infant. The nutritional status of the mother has a direct effect on both her own health and the health of her child. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at the Obstetric Ward in Dhaka Medical College and Hospital from January 2019 to April 2019, and a total of 150 admitted mothers from the Obstetric Ward enrolled in this study. The data was collected using a pretested, modified questionnaire. The data was inputted and analyzed using the Statistical Package of Social Science (SPSS) software, specifically version 23.0. The study gained ethical clearance from the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of Dhaka Medical College and Hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Objective: The study aimed to assess the knowledge of antenatal care among mothers admitted to the obstetric ward at Dhaka Medical College and Hospital. Results: According to age distribution, 50%, 41.3%, and 8.7% of the respondents belonged to the age groups of 15–25 years, 26–35 years, and 36–45 years, respectively, with a mean age of 26.47 ± 5.652 years. According to the distribution by family type, the majority of the respondents (66%) belonged to the nuclear family and only 34% were in the joint family. The study revealed that the majority of the respondents (25.3%) education was primary, followed by 20% being SSC, 34.7% being HSC, 7.3% being graduates and only 12.7% being illiterate. According to the distribution by profession, 71.3 percent of respondents were housewives and the rest of them, 28.7%, were in service. According to the distribution by residence, most of the respondents (48.7%) were from finished buildings, 10.7% were from semi-pucca buildings and only 40.7% were from other types of residence. Most respondents (73.3%) used sanitary toilets and only 26.7% used non-sanitary toilets. Most of the respondents (82%) were Muslims, 9.3% were Hindus, 4.7% were Christians, 2.7% were Buddhists, and only 1.3% had other religions. Among the respondents, (32.7%) had antenatal clinics available in their community and 67.3% had no antenatal clinics in their community. The majority of the respondents (66%) received antenatal care during pregnancy and 34% did not receive any antenatal care during pregnancy. Most of the respondents (86%) knew that vaccination was important during pregnancy and 14% had no knowledge of the importance of vaccination during pregnancy. Among the respondents, (48.7%) had knowledge of four ANC visits and 51.3% had two visits. The majority of the respondents (82.7%) had a normal mode of delivery and 17.3% had a cesarean section. The majority of the respondents (86.7%) received ANC in the clinic and 13.3% at home. Most of the respondents (88.7%) were more than 18 years old while getting married and 11.3% were less than 18 years old. Most of the respondents (90%) were 20 years old at the birth of their first baby, while 10% were less than 20 years old. The majority of the respondents (61.3%) babies’ birth weight was more than 2.5 kg at birth and 38.7% of respondents’ babies' birth weight was less than 2.5 kg at birth. The majority of the respondents (85.3%) got information from an NGO or hospital, 66% from TV, 0.7% from radio, 1.3% from print media, 6% from billboards, and 21.3% from family physicians. Finally, this study revealed a statistically significant association between the respondent’s knowledge about the toxemia of pregnancy and the age of the respondents (P = 0.001), as well as a highly significant association between the respondent’s sex and the written protocol for universal precaution. (P=0.000). Conclusion: This study revealed that the level of knowledge of the participants regarding antenatal care was moderate. To improve this situation, there is an urgent need for multi-channel awareness.