Satisfaction is considered as a motivation to help individuals who are not persistent enough to fully perform physical education exercises. However, the effect of satisfaction on fitness development has not been determined, especially for non-sport students. The purpose of this study was to find out the effect of female students' satisfaction on general physical fitness at Saigon University. 1007 female student were volunteered and selected who divided randomize in two groups (experimental and control). The solutions to improve satisfaction was selected and applied to experimental group, while control group do not apply the solution and practice according to a predetermined 15-week training program. The one-way ANCOVA algorithm was used to assess the difference in the general fitness level of female students in the pre- and post-experiment stages between the experimental and control groups. The results indicated that there was difference in the general fitness level of female students between the group that applied the solutions and the control group in the study. Further research is needed to be able to clearly assess the factors affecting the physical development and satisfaction in different groups of subjects in terms of age, gender, higher training level and in different specialized sports group.

The increasing volume of international trade, coupled with the computer-nature of many of these relationships, has led to greater reliance on arbitration to resolve contractual disputes. This settlement of disputes by a non-judicial third party is increasingly called for, in international. Contracts because it is cheaper, quicker, and more private than resolving disputes through litigation. Equally important, however, is the fact that it can take place in a neutral location. The increase trade with countries such as China, Japan and Korea where mediation rather than litigation of disputes is traditional, has given added impetus to this trend. The growing attractiveness has resulted in the establishment of arbitration centers in world capitals such as London, Cairo, Hong Kong and Stockholm and major cities as Geneva and New York. Recognition and enforcement of international arbitration agreements and awards is generally controlled through multilateral treaties. An outgrowth of this trend has been the emergence of several major arbitral institutions that have conducted their own sets of rules and procedures. However, the parties to a contract are free to opt for a more informal or ad hoc arbitration arrangement based on their own set of guidelines. Such agreements are legally enforceable as long as the parties have agreed to abide by the arbitrator’s decision. In Cameroon however, since the passage of the OHADA Treaty was signed and ratified in 2000, it is applicable in the territory of Cameroon. This is the first treaty of its kind in Africa to deal with arbitration matters sometimes referred to as well.

In “Howl”, Allen Ginsberg described the alternative life of a group of bohemian young people, criticizing the technological rationality in post-World War II American society and the mainstream culture. The poem has both rebellious and prophetic images. On the one hand, it rebels against tradition and gives vent to the author’s anger both in form and content; on the other hand, it sets a model for the counterculture movement of the hippies in the 1960s, heralding the arrival of a new and turbulent era.

Indonesia's environmental licensing process is critical for regulating business activities and safeguarding the environment. This analysis explores the interaction between this process and the government's recent efforts to enhance "ease of doing business." Before streamlining measures, obtaining environmental permits was a complex and time-consuming ordeal. Businesses faced difficulties meeting stringent requirements and navigating a bureaucratic labyrinth. The "ease of doing business" provisions aim to simplify procedures and expedite permit acquisition, ideally without compromising environmental protection. The paper emphasizes the importance of achieving a balance between efficiency and environmental protection. While streamlining can improve business competitiveness, a decline in environmental impact assessment quality could have negative consequences. The discussion also explores the various obstacles hindering the current licensing process, including complex bureaucracy, high costs, and limited interagency coordination. To overcome these challenges, the paper suggests measures to simplify procedures, improve communication between government agencies, and raise environmental awareness among businesses. By effectively integrating ease of doing business with environmental considerations, Indonesia can create a more efficient licensing system that fosters sustainable economic growth.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) begins usually between 20 and 30. A second peak in incidence between 50 and 70 has been recognized. IBD in the elderly is defined as disease diagnosed after the age of 60. IBD in the elderly are special entity, characterized by their weakness, associated comorbidity, and their sometimes-severe course. The aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiological, clinical, therapeutic and evolutionary particularities of IBD in elderly. This is a retrospective study over a 5-year period from July 2018 to July 2023 on 424 patients followed for IBD. We included patients with documented CD or UC and who are over 60 years of age at the time of diagnosis. Of the 16 patients enrolled, mean age at diagnosis was 69.48 [60-82], sex ratio F/M 1.28, 2 patients were smokers (12.5%), 13 (81.25%) had at least one associated comorbidity. 7 patients had CD (43.75%), 7 had UC (43.75%), and 2 had indeterminate colitis (12.5%). 3 patients underwent surgery (18.75%), 2 for severe acute colitis with subtotal colectomy and ileorectal anastomosis, and 1 for ileal fistulas with ileocecal resection and ileocolic anastomosis. The progression was favorable, with an average number of relapses of 2/year, and an average number of severe relapses of 0.5/year. Maintenance of remission was noted in 15 cases (93.75%). 8 patients were on 5-Aminosalicylates (5ASA) (50%), corticosteroids and immunosuppressives was prescribed in 4 patients (25%), anti-TNFs in 2 patients (12.5%), anti-interleukins 1 patient (6.25%) and 1 patient was in remission on no treatment. In conclusion, the disease localization and phenotype in this study are like those reported in the literature relating to elderly IBD patients, and despite concerns about the risk of acquiring infections and malignancies in this age group, a high rate of corticosteroids and immunosuppressive prescription is noted.

Introduction: Dengue fever is a mosquito-borne arboviral (arthropod-borne virus) disease which is of global concern. This fever is a benign syndrome caused by an arthropod-borne virus and is characterized by Biphasic fever, myalgia, arthralgia, rash, leukopenia, and lymphadenopathy. Aim of the study: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical and laboratory profile of dengue fever in children less than 15 years old admitted to an urban hospital. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in the Department of Paediatrics of Anwer Khan Modern Medical College Hospital (AKMMCH), Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from 4 April 2019 to 9 September 2019. They have followed up on the symptoms, platelet count and management of the patients. Data were analysed by using MS-Excel-2016. Result: In total 98 patients from both groups completed the study. In our study, we found a maximum of 54.08% were male, more than half 53(54.08%) patients were below five years of age, about 95(96.94%) of the patients had a fever. Maximum patients, 81(82.65%), were managed by I/V fluid, more than 72(73.47%) of the patients were managed by paracetamol. Others by antibiotics 16(16.33%), platelet transfusion 14(14.29%) and blood transfusion 12(12.24%). Other management also includes plasma, & dopamine. Conclusion: These study children about 0-15 years of age more commonly suffer from dengue fever. As the vaccine is not available in Bangladesh, these patients need a timely diagnosis and critical monitoring during the disease course to prevent severity and mortality.

The aim of this research is to analyze law enforcement regarding the criminal act of illegal work placement. The approach method used is sociological juridical. The types of data used are primary and secondary data. The research results found that Law Enforcement of the Crime of Illegal Workforce Placement has not been running optimally considering: There is still a lack of job opportunities in Indonesia, so workers are forced to choose to work abroad via Batam in order to get a decent life; Indonesia is an archipelagic country, so law enforcement in cases of illegal Indonesian Migrant Workers is quite difficult considering that a large archipelagic country like Indonesia opens up opportunities for violations to be committed; The government has not accommodated Indonesian Migrant Workers as victims of illegal Indonesian Migrant Workers, resulting in law enforcement that is beneficial for all citizens not yet being felt optimally. For this reason, the need for law enforcement related to criminal acts of illegal workforce placement requires a holistic and coordinated approach in which strengthening cooperation between related parties must be built by increasing cooperation between law enforcement agencies.

The aim of this research is to analyze and find regulations regarding the maintenance of compensation for land acquisition for development in the public interest that are not based on justice. To analyze and find weaknesses in current regulations regarding the maintenance of compensation for land acquisition for development in the public interest. This research uses a sociological juridical approach. The specification of this research is qualitative research, namely legal research using empirical interviews with several informants. The interview aims to dig deeper into what the researcher wants to know by digging deeper into information from existing sources with dialectical exchanges between researchers and informants regarding Custody. compensation for land acquisition for public development. The research results found that the provision of compensation for land acquisition for development in the public interest was not based on justice as regulated in Article 68 Paragraph (1) letter f, Article 69 Paragraph (2), Article 85 A and Article 89 paragraph (1), paragraph (2) and paragraph (3) Government Regulation Number 39 of 2023 concerning Amendments to Government Regulation Number 19 2021 concerning the Implementation of Land Acquisition for Development in the Public Interest, and Article 132 paragraph (6) Regulation of the Minister of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning/Head of the National Land Agency of the Republic of Indonesia Number 19 of 2021 concerning Provisions for Implementing Government Regulation Number 19 of 2021 concerning the Implementation of Land Acquisition for Development for the Public Interest, and Article 42 paragraph (3) of Law Number 6 of 2023 concerning the Stipulation of Government Regulations in Lieu of Law Number 2 of 2022 concerning Job Creation into Law.

Nepal's health sector vulnerabilities were exposed during the 2015 Gorkha earthquake, which prompted immediate reconstruction efforts. This disaster underscored the need for enhanced healthcare infrastructure throughout the country but encountered numerous challenges. This study aims to investigate the challenges faced during the post-earthquake reconstruction of health sector building projects in rural Nepal. Five major challenges were identified through a literature review, namely "resource challenges", "legal challenges", "physical and territorial challenges", "management and coordination challenges" and "social and cultural challenges". Perceptions on identified challenges were collected from 137 clients, consultants, and contractors working on 106 ongoing building construction projects in 9 districts across 3 provinces funded by the Government of India. Structural equation modeling (SEM) using the partial least squares (PLS) method was conducted with SmartPLS version 3 to identify the major challenges. All five challenges were found to be significant, with "resource challenges" being the most significant (β= 0.613), followed by "legal challenges", "physical and territorial challenges", "management and coordination challenges" and "social and cultural challenges". Based on these findings, it is suggested that Nepal should adopt a comprehensive strategy that includes proper resource management, improved legal frameworks, effective coordination between stakeholders, and an understanding of social and cultural dynamics to overcome these challenges. Therefore, all project stakeholders must collaborate to address these challenges, which will ensure a resilient and sustainable healthcare infrastructure in earthquake-prone regions like Nepal.

The rapid rise of antimicrobial resistance to commercially available antibiotics has led researchers to search for an alternative drug source. Medicinal plants pose as a potential source of natural antimicrobial drugs that compact drug resistant microorganisms. The qualitative phytochemical analysis of M. oleifera leaves and flowers extracts led to the identification of an important pharmacological bioactive natural compounds. The antibacterial activity of leaves and flowers extract were determined using agar disc diffusion method and MIC assay against selected human pathogens. The ethanolic and methanolic leaves and flowers extracts yielded 19.5%, 24.38%, 15.62% and 18.02% respectively. Leaves and flowers extracts were active against bacterial strains in a dose dependent manner. The ethanolic leaves extract (100 mg/mL) possessed potential antibacterial activity against the two tested Gram-negative bacteria: E. coli, A. baumannii and three Gram-positive bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus, S. saprophyticus and E. Faecalis by producing 20.00±0.50, 20.67±0.84, 15.33±1.04, 20.43±0.63, 25.83±0.76 mm zone of growth inhibition respectively compared to the control. However, methanolic leaves extract exhibited considerable inhibitory efficacy against two bacterial strains A. baumannii and S. saprophyticus with 17.17±0.59 and 15.81±0.62 respectively. The tested strains were highly sensitive to 200 mg/mL where the highest zone of inhibition was 30.29±0.92 mm observed against E. faecalis, and the lowest zone of inhibition was against Staphylococcus aureus with 20.33±1.04 mm. Both ethanolic and methanolic extracts showed antimicrobial efficacy more than that exhibited by ethanolic and methanolic flowers extracts. Ethanolic and methanolic leaves extracts had MIC of 200 mg/mL against all tested strains where ethanolic leaves extract showed MIC of 100 mg/mL against three strains, E. coli, A. baumannii and S. saprophyticus. This study suggests that the extracts of M. oleifera can be used to discover antibacterial agent for developing new pharmaceuticals against human pathogens.

Raising a child with cerebral palsy (CP) can be both rewarding and challenging. Family caregivers, typically parents, play an important role in supporting and caring for children with CP. Research on CP family caregiving is growing, but Arab parental caregiving appears absent from this body of work. The objective was to map the scope of the existing literature about parents of children with CP in Arab contexts to identify gaps in knowledge and guide future research. This scoping review was conducted following the JBI methodology. Five major health-related databases (MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, Global Health, APA Psycinfo) and two general search engines and directories (Google Scholar and Ulrichsweb) were searched. We selected peer-reviewed studies that included parents of children with CP in Arab countries, regardless of publication date or study design. The search included literature published in Arabic and English. We identified ten studies that met our criteria and were published between 2013 and 2022. Across all studies, mothers were the most reported primary caregivers. Four studies reported tasks performed by parental caregivers, including but not limited to transferring, dressing, transportation, and feeding. The included studies explored the financial, social, and information needs of the parents. Studies focused primarily on caregiver burden or other negative consequences of caregiving. Parents in one study only reported increased resilience as a positive consequence. In addition, no studies included interventions. Research on parental caregiving in the Arab context is limited. Further studies are necessary to explore the unique needs and experiences of Arab CP caregivers.

Introduction: Cranial wounds encephalic penetrating by stab are rare and repesent 0.4% of Head trauma. They are often observed in an attempt at autolysis in mentally ill people, or in physical aggression. We report here a case of an adolescent victim of attack by the penetration of a knife into his brain. Patient and method: This is a patient aged 17 years old, with no known medical history, admitted to the Emergency Reception Department of the Gabriel TOURE University Hospital for open head trauma following a physical attack with the penetration of a knife inside his headrane. The entire blade of the weapon was lodged in his brain parenchyma. The entry point was the right parietal bone. The patient had a Glasgow score of 15/15, with good hemodynamic status. The cranial scanner encephalic which was carried out a few minutes after his admission high lighted the presence of the knife blade at the level of parietal and temporal lobe of her hemisphere right. Result: The patient was operated successfully with extraction of a knife whose blade measured 6 to 7cm. A good postoperative evolution followed. Conscious and without motor deficit, he received a follow-up CT scan on day 7. Then he was released from the hospital with out patient follow-up. Conclusion: Cranial wounds-encephalic by penetration of a bladed weapon are very rare. The CT scan in emergency is the key examination to clarify the location, the number of foreign bodies, as well as brain lesions. They require rapid surgical treatment after CT evaluation. Their prognosis remains reserved regarding the severity of the head trauma, endocranial vascular lesions and infections.

Government is aiming to establish India as global manufacturing hub through various policy measures and incentives to specific manufacturing sectors. Launched in 2014, the Make in India initiative aims to transform India into a manufacturing, design, and innovation hub. The initiative spans 27 sectors, supported by policies like PLI schemes, GST, corporate tax reduction, and ease of doing business reforms. The One District One Product (ODOP) initiative promotes regional development by highlighting unique products from each district, fostering socio-economic growth. In this paper we have taken quarterly and yearly data of Manufacturing Sector 2012-13 to 2023-24 from Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation. In this paper we have seen the growth rate on yearly basis, CAGR, trend analysis and performance of Manufacturing Sector in pre and post-pandemic period. Is there any fluctuations in the growth rate of this sector during pre and post pandemic or any type of pattern?

Background: Long COVID, or post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC), is characterized by persistent symptoms that last weeks to months following the acute phase of COVID-19. This condition affects a substantial number of COVID-19 survivors, impacting multiple organ systems and significantly reducing quality of life. Method: This literature review synthesized research on the delayed and long-term physical side effects of COVID-19. A comprehensive search was conducted using Google Scholar and PubMed to identify open-access, English-language studies. Keywords included "COVID-19 side effects," "long COVID," and "post-acute sequelae of COVID-19." Relevant studies were screened and analyzed for key findings and limitations. Findings: The review identified significant long-term symptoms affecting COVID-19 survivors, including fatigue, dyspnea, chest pain, cognitive impairments, and musculoskeletal pain. These symptoms persist across diverse populations, regardless of the severity of the initial infection. Key limitations in existing studies include small sample sizes, single-center designs, and potential biases in self-reported data. Conclusion: Long COVID presents a major public health challenge, necessitating a multidisciplinary approach to manage its extensive and multifaceted impacts. Continued research, standardized diagnostic criteria, and comprehensive care models are essential to address the long-term needs of COVID-19 survivors and mitigate the broader economic and social burdens.

Background: Acute diarrhea poses a significant health threat to children globally, often leading to severe morbidity and mortality, particularly in developing countries. Electrolyte imbalances, including hyponatremia and hypokalemia, are common complications associated with acute diarrhea, further exacerbating the risk of adverse outcomes. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the frequency of sodium and potassium abnormalities, specifically hyponatremia and hypokalemia, in children presenting with acute diarrhea. Methodology: A prospective cohort study was conducted at the Pediatric department of a tertiary hospital from July 2022 to June 2023. A total of 130 pediatric patients aged up to 5 years, presenting with acute diarrhea, were included in the study. Clinical examinations were conducted, and demographic data, including age, gender, residence, and socioeconomic status, were recorded. Serum sodium and potassium levels were determined from venous blood samples, and hyponatremia and hypokalemia were defined as sodium levels <130 mmol/l and potassium levels <3.5 mmol/l, respectively. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 24.0. Results: The mean age of the patients was 2.38 years, with a disease duration of 3.54 days. Male patients accounted for 60% of the cohort, and urban residency was predominant (55%). Clinical symptoms included loose motion (100%), abdominal pain (70%), fever (35%), vomiting (31%), and lethargy (27%). Hyponatremia was observed in 30% of patients, while hypokalemia was present in 40% of cases. Conclusion: Sodium and potassium imbalances are prevalent among children with acute diarrhea, highlighting the need for vigilant monitoring and appropriate management strategies to prevent adverse outcomes. The high incidence of hyponatremia and hypokalemia underscores the importance of early recognition and intervention in pediatric patients presenting with acute diarrhea.