Rational Approach towards COVID-19 Main Protease Inhibitor (Fexofenadine) Via Molecular Docking
Dr. Bhagwan Nautiyal, Amit Kumar, Jitender K Malik
Page Numbers : 712-716
DOI : 10.36348/sjmps.2020.v06i11.008
An outburst of pneumonia in December, 2019 in Wuhan, China, has now been gritty to be caused by a novel corona virus. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona-virus (SARS-CoV) named is allotted for this novel threads. The disease has spread more than 185 countries and regions, with more than 2.05 million confirmed cases and more than 1,34,354 deaths as of April 16, 2020. The pandemic is enduring to spread inspite of worldwide efforts. The SS-RNA virus from the enveloped corona virus family caused SARS (Severe acute respiratory syndrome) which is life threatening viral infection.The spreading of infection is quick in many countries of the world. The World Health Organization (WHO) called COVID-19 a pandemic on March 11, 2020. There are numerous drug trials going on with some positive results. Though, since no vaccine is available, the best way to fight the virus is by preventive measures. In the present research an attempt had been made to find new COVID-19 main protease inhibitor by molecular docking approach. Fexofenadine is an antihistamine that is used to treat the symptoms of seasonal allergies (hay fever) in adults and children. Fexofenadine is also used to treat skin itching and hives caused by a condition called chronic idiopathic urticaria in adults and children at least 6 years old. Fexofenadine was taken as drug which follows Lippinski’s rule of five, thus having very good drug score as well as drug likeness score. The present study reveals that Doxycycline has good binding affinity with COVID-19 protease and thus can be used as prophylaxis and therapeutic treatment for corona patient.
Case Report
Nov. 28, 2020
A Case Report of Nasal Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma
Rahim H, Bencheikh R, Gliti MA, Harmouch A, Benbouzid MA, Essakali L
Page Numbers : 708-711
DOI : 10.36348/sjmps.2020.v06i11.007
The adenoid cystic carcinoma is a rare tumor in the region of the head and neck, it's the common malignant tumor of the salivary glands. Its location in the nasal cavity is exceptional. We report in our study a case of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the nasal cavity of a 68-year-old patient who presents nasal symptoms. The CT- scan shows a tissue process in the right nasal cavity, the endoscopy showed a process in the right nasal cavity extending to the lower cornet. The histology confirmed the adenoid cystic carcinoma. The surgical treatment consisted on the excision of the entire tumor followed by radiation therapy.
Original Research Article
Nov. 20, 2020
Thyroid Status of Hypothyroid Infertile Women: A Study in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Bangladesh
Dr. Mst. Jesmin Akter, Dr. Shahanaz Ahmed, Dr. Mohammad Kamal Hossain
Page Numbers : 704-707
DOI : 10.36348/sjmps.2020.v06i11.006
Background: The prevalence of hypothyroidism in the reproductive age group is found up to 4%. In many studies it had been claimed that, thyroid status is directly involved in women reproductive system. Although it differs in several places, communities, geographic areas and age-groups but it deserves more attention from the reproductive health physicians and even from world communities. Hypothyroidism can be easily detected by assessing serum thyroid stimulating hormone levels. Aim of the study: The aim of this study was to dig out the prevalence of hypothyroidism in infertile women and to assess their responses in treatment procedures. Methods and Materials: This was a descriptive observational study conducted in Cumilla Medical College and Hospital, Cumilla, Bangladesh, during the period from January 2019 to December 2019. In total 128 women attended the infertility Unit of the mentioned hospital for fertility treatment were finalized as the study population of this study. The regular investigations CBC, blood sugar of 2 hours GTT, TSH and Prolactin was done. Hypothyroidism was diagnosed when increased TSH and normal FT4. Levothyroxin were given hypothyroid patients depending upon TSH levels. Results: Total 128 participants 56.25% (n=72) were with primary infertility and the rest 43.75 %(n=56) were with secondary infertility. In total 23% (n=29) participants were hypothyroid whereas the rest 77% (n=99) participants were euthyroid and/or hyperthyroid. Among the hypothyroid (n=29) participants, 20 were subclinical hypothyroid which was 69% among hypothyroid participants and 15.63% among the total participants. In total 9 were frank hypothyroid which was 31% among hypothyroid participants and 7.03% among the total participants. We found, the mean (±SD) S. TSH, S. FT4 and S. Prolactin were 7.23±2.45 mIU/L, 16.95±3.32 pmol/l and 51.83 ±10.70 ng/ml respectively. Conclusion: According to the findings of this study we can conclude that, careful diagnosis and treatment of hypothyroidism can ensure benefit a lot rather than going for unnecessary hormone assays and costly invasive procedures. The findings of this study may be helpful in the treatment arena of infertility of women and in further similar study.
Original Research Article
Nov. 13, 2020
Body Burden of Lead, Cadmium and Vanadium among HIV Patients on Antiretroviral Drugs in Port Harcourt, Niger Delta, Nigeria
Ifeyinwa Chijioke- Nwauche, Sydney Yakubu, Ndidiamaka Obasi, Sordum Nboi
Page Numbers : 698-703
DOI : 10.36348/sjmps.2020.v06i11.005
Background: Exposure to environmental heavy metals predispose humans to health risks and hazards. Increased risks of chronic diseases have been attributed to increased exposure to heavy metals. Studies have linked early onset of chronic diseases in HIV-infected persons to exposure to heavy metals in the environment. Given the massive industrialization and crude oil exploration in the Niger Delta, there is huge environmental pollution in the area. Objectives: The study sought to evaluate the presence of blood lead, cadmium and vanadium (notable heavy metals associated with crude oil exploration) levels of HIV-positive and HIV-negative volunteers in Port Harcourt, Niger Delta Nigeria. Materials and Methods: The study evaluated the presence of lead, cadmium and vanadium in HIV-positive and HIV-negative volunteers in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Blood samples of a total of 100 subjects (60 HIV-positive and 40 HIV-negative subjects) with age range 15->60 years were analysed using Solar Thermo Elemental Flame Absorption Spectrometer (S4 710). Results: Mean blood levels of lead, Cadmium and Vanadium obtained were 2.00±6.25; 1.70±11.20 and 0.03± 0.04 ppm respectively for HIV-subjects and 0.15±0.28, 0. 04±0.05, 0.01±0.02 ppm for HIV-negative subjects. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that HIV-positive subjects had significantly higher levels of all the heavy metals compared to HIV-negative persons thereby predisposing them to be more at risks of the metals.
Original Research Article
Nov. 11, 2020
Preliminary Phytochemical Evaluation and HPTLC Profile of Celastrus paniculatus Seed
Standardization plays a significant part in the production of phytopharmaceutical of standard quality as the quality standards are based on proper selection of raw materials. Celastrus paniculatus Willd (Celastraceae) is the conventional Ayurvedic medicinal plant used for centuries as a memory enhancing, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, sedative and antiepileptic agent. The decoction of seeds is given in rheumatism, gout, paralysis and leprosy. High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) technique is a sophisticated and automated form of the thin-layer chromatography (TLC) with enhanced and advanced separation efficiency and detection limits and is often an outstanding alternative to GC and HPLC. Applications of HPTLC include phytochemical and biomedical analysis, herbal drug quantification, active ingredient quantification, fingerprinting of formulations, and check for adulterants in the formulations. Present investigation includes examination of morphological and microscopic characters, ash value, extractive values and phytochemical evaluations including qualitative chemical examination of active constituents. The Pet. Ether extract (i.e. oil) contains different fatty acids and they were converted into their methyl esters for their assessment by HPTLC.
Original Research Article
Nov. 6, 2020
Naso-Sinusian Mucoceles: Retrospective Study of 24 Cases
Mohamed Ali Gliti, Bencheikh Razika, Rahim Hanaa, Benbouzid Mohamed Anas, Leila Essakalli Houssyni
Page Numbers : 686-691
DOI : 10.36348/sjmps.2020.v06i11.003
Objective: Highlight the different clinical and surgical features of this pathology. Bring the experience of the service and the chirurgical specificities encountered during the care of these patients. Materiels and méthods: Retrospective study of 24 cases of paranasal sinus mucoceles collected and operated in our department since January 2017 to December 2019. Results: The average age was 41 years. We noted 22 cases of ethmoid-frontal localization, 1 case of maxillary localization and 1 case of sphenoidal localization. The most common symptoms were swelling of the inner corner of the eye and exophthalmia. Complicated superinfection of orbital cellulitis was revealing in 3 cases. Facial computed tomography confirmed the diagnosis in the majority of cases. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was requested in 3 patients. The surgical treatment consisted of a wide marsupialization by the endo-nasal route in 24 cases and by combined approach in 1 case. A recurrence was observed in two patients, after an average delay of 12 months. Conclusion: Mucocele is a relatively rare benign pathology, its symptomatology depends on its location. CT and MRI of the facial sinuses represent the key exams for diagnostic assertion. Treatment is surgical. Endonasal endoscopic marsupialization is currently the treatment of choice.
Review Article
Nov. 5, 2020
Nose to Brain Targeted Drug Therapy: A Review
Dr. M. Vani, A. S. Ezhilarasi, Sereena Saju
Page Numbers : 673-685
DOI : 10.36348/sjmps.2020.v06i11.002
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDD) are a major global public health concern and a leading cause of disability-adjusted life-years, moreover, therapeutic options are limited. Brain targeting has always been challenging due to the presence of various physiological barriers, of which one of the most robust barriers is Blood Brain Barrier (BBB). The BBB consists of endothelial cells which are the tight layers surrounded by astrocyte foot processes, and these anatomic features together constitute a significant barrier that hampers the delivery of drugs to the central nervous system (CNS). In the past few decades, the nose-to-brain targeted delivery has received a great deal of attention because of factors like the rapid onset of action, increased bioavailability, manageable surface area and avoids the first-pass metabolism, thus considering it as a non-invasive, convenient and reliable approach that may overcome the challenges associated with nose-to-brain targeted delivery. However, this strategy still possesses significant limitations, which led to the development of nanotechnological approaches like solid lipid nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles, nanoemulsions, liposomes and polymeric micelles, thus circumventing these barriers. The present review article highlights a complete understanding of every aspect related to nose-to-brain delivery: mechanism involved in the transport of drugs from nose-to-brain via BBB by complex pathways, strategies to overcome the barrier-BBB, recent examples, and applications of nose-to-brain targeted delivery using nanotechnologies for brain gliomas and other neurological disorders.
