Posttraumatic Right Diaphragmatic Rupture with Delayed Hepatic Hernia: Two Case Reports
Mohammed Najih, Hicam Laraqui, Nouredine Njoumi, Mohamed Laaroussi, Mountassir Moujahid, Aziz Zentar
Page Numbers : 130-134
DOI : 10.36348/sjmps.2021.v07i02.009
The post-traumatic right diaphragmatic hernia associated with liver dislocation often goes unnoticed because it complicates violent trauma, but most times remains asymptomatic. It is recommended discussing systematically the diagnostic in case of closed abdominal chest trauma or after a bladed weapon wound in order to prevent its serious complications. We report two cases of post-traumatic diaphragmatic hernia associated with a liver luxation compiled in our service.
Original Research Article
Feb. 19, 2021
“Clinical Spectrum of Enteric Fever in Children: A Study in a Tertiary Care Hospital, Bangladesh”
Background: Enteric fever is a common public health problem in Bangladesh and it involves multiple symptoms. Enteric fever presents with variable clinical scenario. Objective: The aim of study was to evaluate the clinical spectrum of enteric fever in children. Methods: A prospective study was done in the department of Paediatrics, Sylhet Womens Medical College Hospital and Sylhet M.A.G Osmani Medical College Hospital, Sylhet, Bangladesh during the period from January 2019 to December 2019 who was clinically suspected to have enteric fever and had either a positive blood culture for Salmonella or a positive Widal test. Results: This study included 133 patients out of which 71 were males and 62 were females. The majority of patients were under 5 years. The age distribution of study population in depicted and the sex distribution. The most common presenting symptoms in our study was fever (97.0%), abdominal pain (39.8%), vomiting (39.1%), diarrohea (36.1%), and the common symptom was constipation (18.8%) as depicted in table III. The most common physical findings was coated tongue (74.4%), followed by toxic look (63.9%), pallor (51.9%), abdominal distension (15.0%), abdominal tenderness (13.5%), Rose spots (14.3%), hepatomegaly (16.5%), splenomeagly (3.8%), and jaundice (4.5%) as depicted in Figure-1. Complications were present in nine patients (6.77%), Pneumonia was present in five patients (3.76%), hepatitis in three patents (2.25%) and encephalopathy in the patient (0.75%). Conclusions: Enteric fever is a common public health problem with fever as most common presenting symptom. Culture yield can be increased in enteric fever by drawing blood culture prior to administration of antibiotics. Ceftriaxone is highly efficacious as monotherapy in enteric fever.
Original Research Article
Feb. 17, 2021
Prevalence of Heavy Menstrual Bleeding in Women Taking Rivaroxaban
Dr. Salhah Saleh Alsulami, Dr. Abdulaziz Alrashed, Ms. Ghada Alammar, Ms. Rehab Almubrick, Ms. Malak Alotaibi, Ms. Deemah Al-Saud, Ms. Dana Aleissa, Dr. Osama Alsayed
Page Numbers : 102-106
DOI : 10.36348/sjmps.2021.v07i02.005
Background: Bleeding is a common side effect during anticoagulant therapy. Rivaroxaban, a new anticoagulant, presents concerns regarding its association with heavy menstrual bleeding. Objectives: Our aim is to measure the prevalence of heavy menstrual bleeding in women taking rivaroxaban. We aim to measure the median Pictorial Blood Assessment Chart (PBAC) score, and its association with iron deficiency anemia (IDA), passage of clots, and age, respectively. Methods: This was a prospective, non- interventional study set in a thrombosis clinic. There were 49 patients enrolled. The study consisted of two parts: a retrospective part regarding collection of menstrual history data before starting rivaroxaban; and a prospective part using validate Arabic PBAC for the next three menstrual cycles. Main outcome measures: Prevalence of heavy menstrual bleeding among women taking rivaroxaban. Results: The median PBAC score for women taking rivaroxaban for an average of 3 months was 211, IQR (42.5, 375.9) The prevalence of heavy menstrual bleeding in women taking rivaroxaban was 22%. There is a weak correlation between IDA and age, and IDA and average PBAC score. Conclusion: Rivaroxaban may cause heavy menstrual bleeding, but it does not lead to prolongation of menstruation. A detailed menstrual history should be taken before considering rivaroxaban for women in reproductive age.
Original Research Article
Feb. 17, 2021
Role of Amniotic Membrane Transplantation in Corneal Ulcers
R. S Chauhan, Chetan Chhikara, Ashok Rathi, J. P Chugh, Apoorva Goel, Chinging Sumpi
Page Numbers : 114-125
DOI : 10.36348/sjmps.2021.v07i02.007
Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of amniotic membrane transplantation in corneal ulcers and to observe the complications of amniotic membrane transplantation in corneal ulcers. Material and methods: Ours was a prospective cross- sectional study which was conducted over a period of 1 year at Regional Institute of Ophthalmology, PGIMS, Rohtak on 30 patients of microbial keratitis on whom amniotic membrane transplantation was done. Signs of ulcer healing- pain, congestion, size of ulcer, BCVA, anterior chamber depth and anterior chamber reaction were recorded on every subsequent follow up. Result: There was significant reduction in post-operative pain and congestion. Anterior chamber depth was not changed significantly. Conclusion: Amniotic membrane transplantation can be used as an adjuvant treatment in bacterial and fungal corneal ulcers for early healing, less vascularisation and scarring and better final visual outcome.
Review Article
Feb. 17, 2021
A Review on Accuracy of Doppler Ultrasound in Various Knee Joint Pathologies
Pain in the knee joint has become one of the most common pathologies that are affecting humans of all age groups in the modern world. Many of the arthropathies are resolved with supportive care and complete tests but some of the diseases require early diagnosis and prompt treatment to prevent any long time effects. Doppler ultrasonography has revolutionized our way of approaching these diseases. It has several advantages over other imaging techniques. It is non-invasive and there is no use of a contrast dye which permits us to use this technique even in those patients who are hyper allergic. There is no use of radiations in ultrasonography. It can detect various minor abnormalities like cartilage thinning, partial or complete tears, synovial joints, abnormalities in the bony structure, inflammation debris in the joint, hematoma, and any ligamentous injury. It also helps us in the localization of the injury which further assist us in several aspects, one of which being the administration of the drugs with the help of an injection at the most optimal site.
Original Research Article
Feb. 11, 2021
Validity and Reliability of New Indian Neonatal Pain Score for Detecting Acute Procedural Pain in Newborn
Bhaswati Ghosha, R Shanmugasundaram
Page Numbers : 86-90
DOI : 10.36348/sjmps.2021.v07i02.003
Objective: To prepare a new pain score for acute procedural pain in newborn. Method: The present pain score is a multidimensional instrument prepared to measure the pain response to acute procedural pain. The physical changes of newborn with acute pain along with physiological changes are used as pain indicator. The parameters were selected by discussion with experts as neonatologists, psychometric specialists and by following the previous studies. 157 neonates of more than 28weeks stable neonates admitted in level III NICU was scored during heel lance. The new score has 8 parameters as cry, color change, facial expression, change of posture, breathing pattern, heart rate,SpO2,blood pressure change scored 0,1,2(0-16). Initially 12 parameters are selected, but after factor analysis 8 parameters were selected. The score is validated by factor analysis and by comparing the difference in score value in painful procedures and in no pain situation. The reliability of the present scoring system is proved by estimating internal consistency by Cornbach’s alpha value of the present score parameters. The interobserver reliability is proved by estimating interclass correlation coefficient among scoring by two independent raters. Intraobserver reliability was proved by looking at the same video by same observer at two different occasions and calculating the score and comparing the values. Results: By factor analysis all the factors have commonality more than 0.3. The eigen value of the component factors were significance of the factors varies from 2.5-0.5. The mean pain score in no pain situation is (0.84+-1.29)and on heel lance it increases to (6.05+-2.18).By Man Whitney U test the pain and no pain situation shows significant difference(p=.00). Cornbachs alpha value was 0.704 showing good internal consistency of the parameters. Interclass correlation coefficient 84%, score cut-off for pain is Conclusion: So the present Indian neonatal pain scoring system has significant concurrent and divergent validity to differentiate between pain and no pain situation. New Indian Neonatal pain score is a valid and reliable score for acute procedural pain in newborn.
Review Article
Feb. 11, 2021
Nanoethosomes: A Novel Revolutionary Approach for Transdermal Drug Delivery
Ghazala Javeriya Surdana, K. Arshad Ahmed Khan, P. Ravi Prakash, N. Vijaya Bhaskar
Page Numbers : 91-101
DOI : 10.36348/sjmps.2021.v07i02.004
In current scenario transdermal delivery of bioactive molecules has become an interesting research area. Transdermal delivery enables direct entry of bioactive molecules into systemic circulation, bypass of hepatic metabolism, improves patient compliance, and low risk of injury to the tissues. Though it is one of the attractive routes, transport of drug through the skin has remained a challenge. To overcome the challenge, vesicular system has been adopted so as to have better skin permeation of bioactive agents. Vesicular system like liposome has shown inefficiency to cross the layers of skin. To overcome this hurdle a novel vesicular & non-invasive drug delivery system Nanoethosomes was developed. Nanoethosomes are used for deeper permeation of bioactive molecules. The main components are phospholipids, ethanol, and water. Presence of high amount of ethanol in their structure differentiates them from other vesicular systems and also helps to release encapsulated material into basal skin layer and blood circulation. Ethanol gives a net negative charge on vesicle surface promoting its size reduction. Vesicular system gives a better patient compliance, being a non-invasive method of drug administration. In this review article we are going to see brief information about methods of preparation, characterization and pharmaceutical uses of Nanoethosomes.
