Background: This study investigates hairline patterns among the Etche people in Rivers State, Nigeria, with a focus on the distribution and variation in hairline shapes, lengths, and widths. Materials and Methods: Using a descriptive research design, data were collected from 227 participants through anthropometric measurements using a digital vernier caliper and measuring tape, assessing patterns by gender, age, and marital status. Results and Discussion: The results revealed that the most common hairline type was straight-lined (34.4%), followed by bell-shaped (30.8%) and widow’s peak (30%). The least common hairline patterns were low and high hairlines, each observed in only 0.4% of participants. The average hairline length and width were 61.98 mm and 293.89 mm, respectively, with males displaying longer and wider hairlines compared to females. Singles also showed greater hairline dimensions compared to married individuals. Conclusion: No significant variation was found in hairline characteristics by religious affiliation. These findings contribute valuable anthropometric data on the Etche population and highlight the role of genetic and environmental factors in shaping craniofacial features. The study fills a gap in anthropometric literature and provides a foundation for further genetic, medical, and cultural studies on Nigerian ethnic groups.

The paper focuses on the need assessment on science education enhancing the challenges of science teacher in secondary school of Taraba State. The paper took a look at the history of Taraba State, the science teacher in promoting the challenges of teaching in secondary schools. The programs that enable one to become a science teacher. This program enhances the aspiring teacher with pedagogical skills and scientific knowledge to effectively teach science concepts to students with different background and learning styles such programs like NCE, Degree Program for science teachers and secondary school objectives are also discuss such as academic-excellence, personal development, social and emotional growth, critical thinking and problem solving and lifelong learning as the cardinal objectives of secondary school. The paper also defined Needs Assessment, purposes Needs Assessment, Benefits of Needs Assessment, and the Impact of Needs Assessment on Science Teachers challenges such as enhancing teaching practices, improving students outcomes, addressing resource gaps, enhancing teachers confidence and motivation etc.the steps in implementing secondary school curriculum to need assessment like setting objectives, determine subject areas, books and materials, unit planning, lesson plan, teaching and evaluation were discussed. Lastly, conclusion and recommendation were given to meet science education teachers in our schools.

Implementing curriculum goals at tertiary institutions is a complex and challenging task. However, by understanding the challenges and complexities involved one can proffer solution to it. Therefore the paper examined the word curriculum, curriculum goals, characterisitics of good curriculum in achieving its goals, which were discussed of a good curriculum, prerequisite for effective curriculum goals, university and its curriculum goals, colleges/institute of education and their curriculum goals, science and technology educational institutions and their curriculum goals. The paper discuses constructive curriculum to attain it curriculum goals, the principles of curriculum goals construction, curriculum implementation were also discussed, the needs for curriculum goals, its implementation for Nigerian Tertiary Institutions, complexity of curriculum goals implementation, challenges of curriculum goals implementation at tertiary institutions and solutions/recommendations of curriculum goals implementation to were proffered like, developing strategies to overcome these obstacles and ensure that their graduate are equipped with the knowledge, skills and attitudes required to succeed in an increasingly complex and rapidly changing world.

Bisection/bicuspidization is the separation of mesial and distal roots of mandibular molars along with its crown portion, where both segments are then retained individually. A multidisciplinary treatment procedure for such clinical situations that includes restorative dentistry, endodontics, periodontics, and prosthodontics is necessary to preserve the teeth in whole or in part. These teeth can act as independent single units of mastication or as abutments in simple fixed bridges. In this case report in contrast to the common option of extracting the natural tooth, an alternative treatment option is selected for molars with extensive decay that threatens tooth loss. Therefore, this option should be discussed with patients when deciding on a course of treatment, and it may be a good substitute for extraction and implant therapy, particularly in cases of advanced endo-perio lesions.

Introduction: The term behaviour encompasses other aspects outside the actions of the human mind and conscious behaviour. 1 There is a major departure from the usual in the pattern of behaviour that individuals exhibit. There are a variety of things that might have an impact on a child, including physical sickness, changes in the educational environment, changes in the family circle, peer pressure, and socioeconomic situation. In today's complicated culture, the family unit is the most important institution. The development of a child & social intelligence is significantly influenced by the members of the child's family. Aim: The study compares the behavioral patterns of single children and children with siblings aged 6-12 years in selected areas of Mohali, Punjab. Methodology: The research involved 120 children selected through disproportionate stratified random sampling. A modified Child Behavioral Rating Scale was utilized. Results: The study compared behavioural patterns of 50 single-child women and 50 children with siblings. Among single children, 41 (82%) showed an average level of behaviour, 6 (12%) good, and 3 (6%) poor. Similarly, 41 (82%) children with siblings had an average level, 5 (10%) good, and 3 (6%) poor. An unpaired ‘t’ test compared behavioural scores between the two groups in the 6–12 years age group. The mean score for children with siblings was 30.36 ± 7.179, while for single children it was 28.74 ± 7.464. The p-value was 0.271, indicating no significant difference between the two groups.

This study evaluates the compressive strength performance of Nipa Palm Fibre Reinforced Concrete (NPFRC) as a sustainable alternative for low- to medium-strength construction. Using Central Composite Design, the research examined how varying fibre content and length influence compressive strength. NPFRC compressive strength ranged from 9.17 to 21.96 MPa, compared to 26.12 MPa for conventional concrete. Higher fibre content and length generally reduced strength due to poor workability, compaction, and increased porosity. Fibre dosage had a more significant impact than fibre length. Interaction plots revealed that fibre content and length had interdependent, not additive, effects on strength. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) optimized the mix design, identifying 0.5% fibre content and 34.25 mm fibre length as ideal, yielding a predicted strength of 20.98 MPa with 92.30% desirability. A confirmatory test recorded 19.87 MPa, a 5.58% deviation from the prediction, within acceptable limits. Although the optimized compressive strength does not meet structural-grade standards (ASTM and EN 206), the results demonstrate NPFRC’s potential for non-load-bearing and light structural applications. The study highlights the importance of fibre treatment, optimal proportioning, and quality control, reinforcing NPFRC’s viability in eco-friendly construction where moderate strength and sustainability are prioritized.

The present study tries to examine the key factors that determine money demand in India over the period from 1996 to 2020. The Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag model is applied to capture both short-run and long-run dynamics. The long run results show that income, interest rate, and foreign exchange reserves have a significant impact on money demand, while the exchange rate appears statistically insignificant. The error correction term indicates that short-run disequilibrium adjusts toward equilibrium at a rate of 32 percent annually. Overall, the findings show the importance of broad money (M3) as a useful indicator to assess output gaps and inflation expectations, and highlight its role in the formulation of India’s inflation-targeted monetary policy.