Background: This study investigates hairline patterns among the Etche people in Rivers State, Nigeria, with a focus on the distribution and variation in hairline shapes, lengths, and widths. Materials and Methods: Using a descriptive research design, data were collected from 227 participants through anthropometric measurements using a digital vernier caliper and measuring tape, assessing patterns by gender, age, and marital status. Results and Discussion: The results revealed that the most common hairline type was straight-lined (34.4%), followed by bell-shaped (30.8%) and widow’s peak (30%). The least common hairline patterns were low and high hairlines, each observed in only 0.4% of participants. The average hairline length and width were 61.98 mm and 293.89 mm, respectively, with males displaying longer and wider hairlines compared to females. Singles also showed greater hairline dimensions compared to married individuals. Conclusion: No significant variation was found in hairline characteristics by religious affiliation. These findings contribute valuable anthropometric data on the Etche population and highlight the role of genetic and environmental factors in shaping craniofacial features. The study fills a gap in anthropometric literature and provides a foundation for further genetic, medical, and cultural studies on Nigerian ethnic groups.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to identify the factors arising from (i) personal perception of the vaccine or (ii) the mother's social environment and entourage that are associated with vaccination dropout in children aged 12 to 23 months. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted from 25 October 2022 to 18 February 2023 among mothers of 336 children aged 12 to 23 months in Kisangani. A pre-tested and administered questionnaire was used to collect data based on three-stage cluster sampling. Analyses were performed on STATA 13 using stepwise logistic regression with a threshold of 0.05. Results : After adjustment by multivariate logistic regression, the following factors were significantly associated with discontinuation of BCG vaccination in children aged 12 to 23 months: mother's religion (ORa=2.1 [95% CI : 1.1 - 4.4]), ignorance of vaccination schedule (ORa= 3 [95% CI :1.4 - 6.7]), not being informed by vaccinators to allay fears (ORa= 2.5 [95% CI :1.2 - 5.4]) and refusal to vaccinate one's child if the incidence of the disease decreases (ORa= 2.9 [95% CI :1.3 - 6.5]). Conclusion: In Kisangani, mothers' access to information and knowledge about routine vaccination were limited, with low BCG vaccination coverage. There is a need to increase awareness among mothers and carers in order to improve their knowledge of routine immunisation.

Sclerocarya birrea tree (Marula), is known in Sudan as Homeid tree. The different parts of the tree find wide traditional and medicinal uses. This study was carried to evaluate the chemical composition of the fruit seeds and kernels oil from nutritional value sight of view. Fresh fruits were collected from Darfur and Kordofan States. The proximate constituents of seeds were determined. Kernels oil was extracted by Petroleum ether. The physicochemical properties of the oil were measured. Seed kernels content of some minerals was determined by AAS. The extracted oil was analyzed by GC-MS. The proximate seed constituents were ash (4.93%), moisture (5.74%), pH (6.36%), protein (44.17%), vitamin C (19.47mg/100g) and Fiber (5.32%). The AAS analysis showed high P (220.25mg/100g) and K (86.10mg/100g) in the kernels. The oil yield was (53.47%). The physicochemical properties were acid value (0.42mg KOH/g), Peroxide value (4.64meq/kg), Saponification value (199mg KOH/g), viscosity (62.1), refractive index (1.467), density (0.919g/cm3) and un-saponified matter (3.17%). The GC-MS characterization showed a presence of five constituents, Dominated by Oleic (65.97%), Palmitic (17.53%) and Stearic acid (12.84%).

This topic is about “Lhashukgen,” who is also known as “sku rten pa”, basically a native Oracle of Monpa community of Arunachal Pradesh. It explores the whole concept of a local Oracle in Monpa Community, his works, his nature, his importance in monpa community etc. This topic also attempts to understand the genealogy and origin of institution of sku ten pa. It also explores the full process and step through which one becomes an Oracle being chosen by the deity and how it becomes hereditary in nature. It also tells that why being chosen by deity one cannot refuse to become an Oracle. Given the limited availability of written records, my research on this topic was largely based on oral sources and accounts. Although there are some books available on Oracle, they are primarily based on the Oracle of either Tibet or of other areas.

This study aims to identify a sustainable source of energy from natural and environmentally friendly resources. Crude palm kernel oil (CPKO) was extracted from kernel of African oil palm (Elais Guineensis) by two chemical extraction methods; soxhlet extraction and cold solvent extraction; yields % were found 40.98% and 34% respectively. The physiochemical properties of extracted oil were evaluated and results showed that its color (Golden Yellow), refractive index was 1.477, density at 15 ºC was 0.80343g/cm3, Kinematic viscosity at 40 ºC was 25.13 cSt, cloud point was 31 ºC, pour point was 21 ºC, free fatty acid was 2.60%, acid value was 5.20 mg KOH g-1, peroxide value was 7.30 mEq kg-1, iodine value was 18.23 mg g-1, saponification value was 216.11mg/KOH g-1and water content was 0.0329%. The fatty Acid compositions were determined using GC-MS. The results showed the dominant fatty acids were lauric acid, myristic acid and Oleic acid in which represent of 39.18%, 20.24%, and 18.82% respectively.

Cleome rutidosperma DC. (commonly known as Nil Hurhure) and Pouzolzia zeylanica (L.) Benn. (locally referred to as Kulluruki) are two medicinal plants widely found in various regions of Bangladesh. Cleome rutidosperma, a low-growing herb of the Capparidaceae family, typically reaches a height of up to 70 cm and is found in areas such as Chittagong. Pouzolzia zeylanica, a perennial herb from the Urticaceae family, is widely distributed across Bangladesh, particularly in tribal regions like Bandarban, Chattogram, Cox's Bazar, Khagrachhari, and Rangamati. Both plants have been used in traditional herbal medicine for their wide range of pharmacological benefits in treating various diseases. In this study, the methanolic extracts of powdered leaves of Cleome rutidosperma and Pouzolzia zeylanica were tested for their thrombolytic potential using human erythrocytes. The results revealed that Cleome rutidosperma exhibited a clot lysis of 22.96±2.12%, while Pouzolzia zeylanica showed 36.15±1.51% clot lysis. Whereas, the sterile distilled water (negative control) and streptokinase (positive control) demonstrated clot lysis of 4.9±0.59% and 81.67±2.62%, respectively. The observed thrombolytic activity may be attributed to the presence of phytochemical compounds, such as tannins, alkaloids, and saponins, in the plant extracts. Although no previous research has specifically examined the thrombolytic potential of Cleome rutidosperma and Pouzolzia zeylanica, our findings suggest that the clot lysis effect of both plants is noteworthy when compared to the positive control and negative control. Based on these results, we propose that the methanolic leaf extracts of Cleome rutidosperma and Pouzolzia zeylanica possess moderate thrombolytic potential, making them promising candidates for future drug development.

This study aims to examine a sustainable source of energy from environmentally friendly and renewable resource. Crude palm kernel oil (CPKO) obtained from kernel of African oil palm (Elaeis Gunieensis) was transesterified into biodiesel using alcohol (methanol) and base catalyst (sodium hydroxide) to produce 80.6% PKO methyl ester (biodiesel). Biodiesel produced was blended with diesel fuel in various proportions. Physiochemical properties of biodiesel produced, and its blends evaluated according to American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM D6751). The results showed that; most of Physiochemical properties of PKO biodiesel and its blends were met the requirements of ASTM standard methods.