Background: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) represents nearly 85% of lung cancer cases globally and remains a major cause of cancer mortality. Although immune checkpoint inhibitors improve survival, durable responses occur in a limited number of patients, highlighting the urgent need for reliable, minimally invasive predictive biomarkers. Objective: To evaluate whether specific serum protein signatures can predict clinical response to immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with NSCLC. Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted at National Institute of Cancer Research and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from January 2024 to December 2024. A total of 67 histologically confirmed NSCLC patients receiving ICI therapy were enrolled using purposive sampling. Baseline serum samples were obtained before treatment and analyzed for selected protein biomarkers related to immune regulation and inflammation. Clinical response was evaluated at 12 weeks using the RECIST criteria. Data were processed in SPSS 23.0, applying logistic regression and ROC curve analyses. Results: Of the 67 patients, 29 (43.3%) achieved partial response or stable disease, whereas 38 (56.7%) experienced disease progression. Higher baseline pro-inflammatory protein levels were significantly associated with poor response (p<0.05), while elevated immune-activating proteins predicted favorable outcomes (p<0.01). The combined serum protein signature showed strong predictive accuracy (AUC=0.81; 95% CI: 0.70–0.91). Conclusion: Distinct serum protein signatures may serve as non-invasive predictive biomarkers for clinical response to ICIs in NSCLC patients. These findings support further validation in larger, multicenter studies to optimize personalized immunotherapy strategies.

Background: Pilonidal sinus is a chronic disease of the sacrococcygeal region, commonly seen in young adults, and is characterized by midline pits in the natal cleft associated with hair. This study was conducted to evaluate the outcomes of the Limberg flap procedure in the treatment of primary pilonidal sinus, including postoperative complications, duration of hospital stay, and time to return to work. Methods: This prospective observational study at the Department of Colorectal Surgery, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh (July 2019–August 2020), included 18 adults with primary pilonidal sinus. Excluding acute abscess and recurrent cases, patients underwent Limberg flap surgery under spinal anesthesia. Demographic, clinical, and outcome data were recorded, with follow-up at 2 weeks, and 1st, 3rd, 6th, and 9th months. Data were analyzed using SPSS® 24. Results: Among 18 patients undergoing Limberg flap repair, mean age was 26.9 ± 5.2 years, 88.9% were male, and most had BMI 18.5–24.9 kg/m². Single external opening was present in 83.3%. Mean operative time was 88.8 ± 12.7 minutes, hospital stay 4.17 ± 0.7 days, drain removal 3.4 ± 0.7 days, suture removal 12.9 ± 1.7 days, and return to work 12.7 ± 1.8 days. Postoperative complications occurred in 5 patients (27.7%), with no recurrences. Four of 5 overweight patients developed complications (r = 0.93, p < 0.001). Conclusion: The Limberg flap is a safe and effective treatment for sacrococcygeal pilonidal sinus, offering low recurrence, minimal complications, and rapid recovery.

We present the forty-ninth edition of the Handbook of the Jewish Question. It constitutes the most substantial compendium of data available up to 1944 concerning German Jewry. Everything predicted by Fritsch and others has come to pass: the US has been colonized by international Jewry. It remains unclear to me whether the US considers Israel its 51st state or whether Israel considers the US a client state. Colloquially on social media, people refer to it as the Jewish United States of America and the Zionist-Owned Government (ZOG). Given this case and the vast amount of information available, a new edition of the Handbook of the Jewish Question, this time dedicated to the US, is necessary. The fact that Trump's USA is fighting the Jewish wars is a trivial fact that needs no proof. What is curious is Trump's clear desperation to cooperate in the creation of what is called 'Greater Israel' and to provide the weapons for the genocide of the Palestinian people. To match nuclear weapons, the use of biological weapons is seen on the horizon.

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the Discovery Learning model in analyzing the structure and language of biographical texts for grade X students of SMK Al-Falah Tanjungjaya in the 2025/2026 academic year. The research method used was a quasi- experimental method. Data collection techniques used were interviews and tests. The sample of this study was 10th-grade students at TJKT 1 as the experimental class and 10th-grade students at TJKT 2 as the control class. Based on the results, the average score obtained by students in the experimental class was 90.24 and the average score obtained by the control class was 80.63. This indicates that the Discovery Learning model significantly influenced the learning outcomes of 10th-grade students at SMK Al-Falah Tanjungjaya in the 2025/2026 academic year in analyzing the structure and language of biographical texts.

Background: Saddle block anesthesia is widely used for perianal surgeries; however, postoperative analgesia remains limited when local anesthetics are used alone. This study aimed to compare the effects of intrathecal dexmedetomidine and fentanyl as adjuvants to hyperbaric bupivacaine in saddle block for perianal surgeries Methods: This observational study in the Department of Anaesthesia, Analgesia, and Intensive Care Medicine at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Hospital enrolled 64 adults (ASA I–II, 40–60 years) undergoing perianal surgery under saddle block, randomly receiving hyperbaric bupivacaine 7.5 mg with fentanyl 15 μg or dexmedetomidine 5 μg; outcomes included duration of analgesia, pain, sensory and motor block, hemodynamics, patient satisfaction, and adverse events, analyzed using SPSS v23.0. Results: Among 64 patients (mean age 45.3 ± 8.5 years; 48 males, 75%), postoperative VAS scores were lower in the dexmedetomidine group at all time points (peak 4 h: 2.75 vs 3.75). Duration of analgesia was longer with dexmedetomidine (278.5 ± 16.2 min) than fentanyl (198.7 ± 25.2 min, P = 0.0001). Motor and sensory block durations were also prolonged (162.5 vs 126.5 min and 292.1 vs 205.6 min, respectively). Hemodynamics remained stable, and adverse events were minimal (hypotension 2/32 vs 0/32; nausea/vomiting 5/32 vs 8/32; pruritus 4/32 vs 0/32). Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant to hyperbaric bupivacaine in perianal surgeries under saddle block offers longer analgesia, lower pain scores, and faster sensory block onset than fentanyl.

This study focuses on the significant challenges China's Intangible Cultural Heritage (ICH) faces in global dissemination, such as limited accessibility, passive reception, and cultural barriers, by empirically investigating the efficacy of a generative AI-enhanced Virtual Reality (VR) experience titled "Yunyue Shanhai · Zhihui Dongfang" in fostering interest and understanding among foreign university students. Employing a quasi-experimental design with 50 international students from five universities, the research utilized a VR system featuring multi-modal interaction, virtual inheritor dialogues, and real-time English translation to bridge linguistic gaps, measuring outcomes through pre- and post-experience surveys on interest levels, knowledge acquisition, and cross-cultural communication willingness. The study is grounded in the concept of "embodied cognition," which posits that learning is enhanced when users physically interact with virtual environments rather than passively observe them [1]. Quantitative analysis revealed a statistically significant increase in participants' interest, with mean scores rising from a baseline of approximately 3.57 to 4.53 (p<0.05), while 64% of participants reported increase in accurately named ICH items, 78% expressed willingness to engage in offline activities, and 86% indicated they would recommend the experience; qualitative feedback further identified immersion, interactivity, and cultural adaptability as key engagement drivers. This approach aligns with the broader trend of "blending AI and tradition to bridge cultures," as identified in recent reports on cultural preservation [2]. These findings demonstrate that integrating VR technology with generative AI effectively transforms passive observation into active, embodied participation, providing robust empirical support for utilizing immersive digital technologies as vital tools for the global revitalization and transmission of intangible cultural heritage.

Background: Eclampsia remains a significant cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality worldwide, particularly in low-resource settings. Despite advances in obstetric care, it continues to pose a grave challenge in Bangladesh, necessitating local data to guide clinical management and public health interventions. Objective: To evaluate the frequency and nature of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality associated with eclampsia. Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted at Nilphamari Medical College, Nilphamari, from January 2024 to December 2024. A total of 87 eclamptic patients were enrolled using a purposive sampling technique. Data on clinical profiles, maternal complications, and fetal outcomes were collected and analyzed using SPSS version 23.0. Results: The majority of patients were aged 20-30 years (68%) and primigravida (71%). Antepartum eclampsia was the most common type (62%). Major maternal morbidities included acute kidney injury (18%), pulmonary edema (13%), and cerebrovascular accidents (5%). The maternal mortality rate was 4.6%. Perinatal outcomes revealed a high rate of preterm birth (48%), low birth weight (55%), and stillbirth (16%). The perinatal mortality rate was 21%. Admission to the neonatal intensive care unit was required for 58% of the live-born babies. Conclusion: Eclampsia is associated with substantial maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality in this setting. The findings underscore the urgent need for improved antenatal care, early detection of pre-eclampsia, and prompt, effective management of eclamptic seizures and complications to enhance maternal and fetal outcomes.