Study the Association of C-Reactive Protein and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in Heart Patients above the Age of 50 Years
Irum Naureen, Aisha Saleem, Muhammad Naeem, Zainab Naeem, Attique Nawaz
Page Numbers : 233-240
DOI : 10.36348/sjbr.2021.v06i10.001
Coronary heart disease, non-communicable disease has become epidemic and increasing in world crisis. There is escalation in developing countries and known to be the death cause in developed countries. Due to the absence of proper guidance and preventive measures its risk factors are increasing day by day. 30-40% of deaths in Pakistan are due to cardiovascular disease. Study of C-reactive protein relationship with cardiovascular disease risk factors is essential for heart disease patients. C-reactive protein is an inflammatory marker it’s helpful tool for the recognition of risks in developing heart disease. C-reactive protein assessed by Enzyme Linked- Immunosorbent assay method is more effective in comparison with other risk factors of cardiovascular disease such as obesity, blood pressure, diabetes mellitus, cholesterol, Triglycerides, LDL cholesterol and HDL cholesterol. Written consent filled by the patients was studied to understand the relative relation of C-reactive protein with other parameters. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure mmHg was measured at 5 minutes of interval for the average analysis. By statistical analysis on Graph Pad Prism we have found the prevalence of C- reactive protein in heart patients in reference to their physical activity, smoking status and stress. Statistical means of h heart patients and control were compared to each other and there see mainly increase in level of CRP, LDL cholesterol, Triglycerides, diabetes mellitus and total cholesterol. High density lipoprotein cholesterol was low in patients and higher in control because this is the good cholesterol. Total number of heart patients is 50, and 15controls. C-reactive protein in heart patients is (4.594±0.2099***) at a 95% of confidence interval whereas in control it was 1.42±0.1776. Statistical value of total cholesterol is 246.1±7.081*** in heart patients and in control (173.7±7.909). There was significant association of all parameters with coronary heart disease.
Original Research Article
Sept. 25, 2021
Association of Vitamin B12 with Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Women in Bangladesh
Muhammad Saiedullah, Shahnaj Begum, SM Muraduzzaman
Page Numbers : 226-232
DOI : 10.36348/sjbr.2021.v06i09.002
The risk of osteoporosis is higher in postmenopausal women and nutritional factors reported playing an important role in the etiology of low bone mineral density (BMD). Some studies claimed the involvement of vitamin B12 in the quality of bone structure in humans, however, results are not conclusive. The objective of this study was to explore the relationship between BMD and vitamin B12 levels in postmenopausal women. In this cross-sectional study, BMD and blood samples from 77 postmenopausal women (age > 45 years) were studied. BMD and T-scores of the study subjects were determined at the femoral neck and lumbar spines by Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA). Serum VitB12 was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The mean±SD age of the postmenopausal women was 56.4±7.9 years. Bone mineral densities (g/cm2) were 0.80±0.16, 0.76±0.18, 0.74±0.14 and T-scores were -2.21±1.45, -1.41±1.22, -1.53±1.20 respectively at the lumbar spine, right femoral neck and left femoral neck. The mean±SD of vitB12 was 245.9±274.3 pg/mL. On multiple regression analysis, β values for log(VitB12) with BMD were 0.119 (p = 0.018), 0.085 (p = 0.140), 0.011 (p = 0.012) and with T-score were 1.028 (p = 0.022), 0.698 (p = 0.064), 0.940 (p = 0.015) at the lumbar spine and right femoral neck and left femoral neck respectively. In conclusion, vitamin B12 is found to be positively associated with bone mineral density and T-score at the lumbar spine and left femoral neck but not at the right femoral neck in postmenopausal women.
Original Research Article
Sept. 3, 2021
Anemia and Hypoproteinemia in Sudanese Pregnant Women during the Second and Third Trimester
Hani Ahmed Mohmed Ahmed, Hiba Mahgoub Ali Osman, Hani Yousif Zaki, Badreldin Elsonni Abdalla, Nahla Ahmed Mohammed Abderahman, Awatif M E Omran
Page Numbers : 221-225
DOI : 10.36348/sjbr.2021.v06i09.001
Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the concentration of hemoglobin, ferritin, albumin, total protein and globulin in pregnant Sudanese women to assess the presence of anemia and hypoproteinemia in the second and third trimester. Materials and method: A total of 100 pregnant women were attended at Almadina Arab Hospital in Gezira state, Sudan in the period from December 2017 to February 2018. Their ages ranged from 19 to 37 years old, and they were divided into two groups: second trimester and third trimester. Venous blood samples were drawn from each participant to determine hemoglobin, ferritin, albumin, globulin, and total protein levels using a Spectrophotometric method by an automated analyzer (Biosystem A25), and globulin was determined by calculation. The statistical package for social science (SPSS) software version 20 was used to analyze data. Result: In both the second and third trimesters, the mean concentration of measured biochemical parameters were decreased, with no significant difference between the two groups however, the means of ferritin levels were normal. Hemoglobin mean levels were (10.784±1.143 and 10.968±1.570), total protein mean levels were (6.632±0.701 and 6.644±0.631), albumin mean levels were (3.204±0.423 and 3.254±0.420), and globulin mean levels were (3.444±0.661 and 3.390±0.611) in the second and third trimesters, respectively. The mean levels of ferritin were (36.900±1.458 and 39.300±1.591) in the second and third trimesters, respectively. Conclusion: Pregnant Sudanese women in their second and third trimesters were found to have anemia and hypoprotienemia.
Original Research Article
Aug. 30, 2021
Evaluation and Outcome Cemented Versus Uncemented Hemiarthroplasty of Femoral Neck Fractures: A Prospective Study Tertiary Level Hospital in Bangladesh
Dr. Md. Abdur Rashid, Dr. Sayed Ahmed,
Page Numbers : 213-220
DOI : 10.36348/sjbr.2021.v06i08.001
There is a lot of disagreement surrounding the management of femoral fractures in the elderly. Currently, the alternatives accessible to an orthopedic surgeon include cannulated cancellous screw fixation, unipolar hemiarthroplasty, bipolar hemiarthroplasty, and complete hip arthroplasty for treating such fractures in the elderly. Bipolar hemiarthroplasty is one of the most popular treatments for Garden type II & III femoral neck fractures in the elderly in developing countries. This study was carried out to assess the functional results of cemented versus uncemented femoral neck fracture hemiarthroplasty. Compare the practical results of cemented and uncemented hemiarthroplasty in the future. Materials and Methods: Multicentered non-randomized quasi-experimental prospective study has been conducted in Islami Bank Medical College in Rajshahi, Bangladesh, and tertiary-level hospitals. From July 2016 until July 2018. Cemented bipolar femoral prostheses were used to treat 269 patients with 274 displaced femoral neck fractures. Results: At the end of the three-year post-surgery period, all data was collected in an ACCESS (Microsoft Co) database and exported for analysis into SPSS-14 vs. (SPSS, Inc.) All patients were aged 50-85 years. Males and females averaged 62.09 years, and women 69.42 years. 48 percent of patients had radiological sub-capital fractures, whereas 52 percent had transcervical. In 68% of instances, the manner of injury was minor. The complications noted were surface surgery site infection (1%), moderate side-hip discomfort (15%), L.L.D. < 1.25%, and postoperative dislocation in another patient within 3 months. There were outstanding outcomes of 64%, decent results of 28%, and fair results of 8%. There have been no abnormal findings in our investigation. Anesthesiologists' grade, operating time, anesthetic duration, use of peri-operative b-blockers, blood loss estimations, and intraoperative fracture ratios are all examples of preoperative or intraoperative characteristics. Hemoglobin level, transfusion rate, discharge, and acute complication rate did not change post-operatively. There were no clinically or statistically significant changes with 30-day, 60-day, and 1-year follow-up in mortality, disposal, ambulatory relief needs, older resources, and daily living service activities subscales. Conclusions: Cemented and uncemented femoral components are also used and linked with equivalent working results for 1 year when no pathologic femoral neck fractures are treated. Practitioners can use these similarly good results to inform their clinical selection.
Review Article
July 17, 2021
A Comparative Study on Animal Colostrums Probiotics as Emerging Neutraleuticles
Nidhi Patel
Page Numbers : 207-212
DOI : 10.36348/sjbr.2021.v06i07.004
In spite of promising outcomes, significance of colostrum probiotics in human wellbeing, just as assurance of their utilization ought to be studied as our comprehension of attributes needed for their usefulness in the gut is deficient. The goal of this study is to create awareness about the nutraceutical properties of colostrum and to examine the different source of colostrum and its dynamic ingredients just as to address colostrums nutraceutical and therapeutic ramifications. Nutraceutical, a term consolidating the words nourishment and drugs, is a food item that gives medical advantages as an adjuvant or elective treatment, remembering the therapy and anticipation of irresistible illnesses for youngsters and grown-ups. Since colostrum is a rich source of fundamental supplements, their utilization in useful food sources has considerably expanded lately. BC is wealthy in immunity, growth and antimicrobial elements, which advance tissue development and the development of stomach related tract and immune function in neonatal creatures and people. In spite of the fact that bovine milk is ordinarily thought to have insignificantly higher dietary benefit, goat milk has been portrayed as fair nutritious font with better allergenic properties.
Original Research Article
July 12, 2021
Association of Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphisms in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients from North Coastal Andhra Pradesh
H. Uma Bharathi, V. Lakshmi Kalpana, A. Ramakrishnam Naidu, B. Papa Kusuma, A. Anuradha
Page Numbers : 199-206
DOI : 10.36348/sjbr.2021.v06i07.003
Background: Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic, symmetrical, inflammatory autoimmune disorder that primarily affects small joints, progression to large joints. About 1% of the world's population is affected by rheumatoid arthritis, women three times more frequent than men. The onset is more common between the ages of 40 and 50 years. Other than genetic, environmental factors have been associated with the development of rheumatoid arthritis. Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with several autoimmune disorders especially with RA. One of the candidate gene of RA is vitamin D receptor (VDR). The role of VDR has been well-known in variety of metabolic disorders and in regulation of inflammation. Aim: The aim of the present study was to investigate the association of VDR Fok1 (rs10735810) and VDR Bsm1 (rs1544410) gene polymorphisms in RA patients and controls from North Coastal Andhra Pradesh. Methods: A total of 300 samples (150 RA patients and 150 controls) were included in the present study and genotyping was accomplished by using PCR – RFLP technique. Results: Data was analyzed by SPSS 19 software. Chi square ‘p’ value revealed that VDR Fok1 (rs10735810) polymorphism has association with RA and VDR Bsm1 (rs1544410) polymorphism does not shows association with RA. Conclusions: In conclusion, the present study revealed that the VDR FokI (rs10735810) gene polymorphism is associated with RA and VDR Bsm1 (rs1544410) gene polymorphism does not shows association with RA.
Original Research Article
July 9, 2021
Proportion and Associated Factors of Primary Rifampicin Resistance among New Pulmonary TB Patients in Public Hospitals of Gen-Xpert Testing Sites, East Amhara–Ethiopia, 2019
Introduction: The emergence and spreading of Rifampicin-resistance strains of mycobacterium tuberculosis pose significant challenges to tuberculosis control programs in resource-limited countries like Ethiopia. This study aimed to assess the proportion and factors associated with primary rifampicin resistance. Methods: A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from April to November 2019 among 570 new pulmonary tuberculosis patients. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select the study participants from 8 Gene-Xpert testing hospitals. Rifampicin resistance was detected by Gene-Xpert assay from sputum specimens. Data were collected by face-to-face interviews, document review, and laboratory results using a pre-tested structured questionnaire. We developed the questionnaire from different kinds of literature and the World Health Organization resources. Variables with P-value <0.2 in simple binary logistic regression were included in the multiple binary logistic regressions. A statistical test was reported as significant when p-value < 0.05 in multiple variable logistic regressions. Fitness of goodness was checked by using the Hosmer Lemeshow model fitness test. Results: A total of 570 individuals have participated in this study. Of those, 43 (7.50%) 95% CI: 5-10) were resistant to rifampicin. Persons, have a contact history with known tuberculosis Patients (AOR 2.5 [95% CI: 1.21-5.11]), with human immune virus infection (AOR 2.3 [95% CI: 1.11-4.73]) and being diabetic Mellitus cases (AOR 4.2[95% CI: 1.51-8.78]) were factors significantly associated with rifampicin resistance. Conclusions and recommendations: The proportion of rifampicin resistance was high. Identified factors significantly associated with rifampicin resistance were persons having contact history with known tuberculosis patients, human immune virus infection, and being diabetic Mellitus cases. Strengthen the prevention of rifampicin resistance tuberculosis transmission, strengthening contact tracing, improve TB/HIV coinfection health care services, and screening tuberculosis patients for diabetic Mellitus is crucial.
