The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of the spread of coronavirus disease-19 on physical activity and mental health of students. Coronavirus-19 (Covid-19) is a new disease that can cause respiratory problems and pneumonia. The spread of an infectious disease called COVID-19 in Indonesia has changed the joints of social life. The population in this study was (n=43) and all were used as a whole research sample (total sampling), students at the Faculty of Sports Science, State University of Malang, research instrument data collection using Google forms and then disseminated through WhatsApp social. The types of data in this study are in the qualitative category analyzed by percentage with windows excel 2010. The results of the study, most respondents considered it very important to do physical activity, and at least 3 to 7 times per week, with a duration of time mostly under 60 minutes. Meanwhile, the intensity of physical activity is in the medium level category. The level of boredom reaches 90.5% of respondents. Respondents have activities to reduce boredom such as playing games and doing daily chores at home as many as 18 students (48%), while 6 respondents (16%) work on college assignments, and 5 respondents (13%) do sports activities. A total of 8 respondents (21%) helped the entrepreneurial parents. Various activities aimed at reducing boredom so as not to cause more serious mental health disorders such as feelings of stress and depression.

Orthodontic retention, the crucial post-treatment phase, helps maintain dental stability and prevents teeth from shifting back to their pre-treatment positions. Traditional retainers like fixed lingual wires and Hawley retainers have been the mainstay of retention protocols for decades. However, innovations in digital technology, material science, and personalized patient monitoring have opened up modern retention protocols that promise enhanced comfort, compliance, and longevity. This review examines both traditional and contemporary retention methods, detailing their benefits and limitations, and discusses potential future trends that could further improve orthodontic retention practices.

Bangladesh is a creating and Child Labour is one of the fundamental issues of this country. The fundamental points of this study discover the essential reasons for kids are perceived as kid work and attempt to know the causes behind presence a negative connection between youngster training and kid work. This paper means to recognize Health and Safety issues of Child Labour in Bangladesh. Kid work is step by step being perceived as a multi-faceted social issue in our country. Consequently, youngsters regularly have 'no voice' to communicate their own necessities. The state, society, guardians and worldwide organizations need to assume reciprocal parts in disposing of kid work. This infers that all gatherings should be ready to compromise - a cycle that should be monetarily reasonable and at last in light of a legitimate concern for the youngsters who don't have the development to choose for themselves. Specialized collaboration to legislatures, non-administrative associations and different offices in this attempt should be emphatically advanced. This paper audits investigates the kid work circumstance in Bangladesh and the current legitimate structure for youngster work and shows that there remain holes in the lawful and strategy system of Bangladesh.

The present study was carried out on Safari Park, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. The sampling was carried out randomly in different seasons from different water bodies of the park especially from Lake. Thirty-seven species belonging to six genera i.e., Pediastrum (4 species & 11% abundance), Trachelomonas (4 species & 11% abundance), Euglena (11 species & 30% abundance), Phacus (12 species & 32% abundance), Lepocinclis (1 species & 3% abundance) and (5 species & 13% abundance). All genera belong to kingdom Protista, two phyla i.e., Volvocophycota and Euglenophycota, two classes i.e., Volvocophyceae & Euglenophyceae, two orders chlorocoocales and Euglenales and three families i.e., Hydrodictyaceae, Euglenaceae and Naviculaceae.

The cost of Block production which largely depends on the cost of the constituent materials, affects the overall cost of construction. In this paper, a model based on mixture experiment was formulated to optimize cost of block (in Naira). Using the model, one can predict the cost per cubic meter of block if the mix ratios are given. The model can also give possible mix ratios for a specified cost. The model is tested for lack of fit using statically tool and found adequate.

The research is a human and context-oriented investigation within the domains of information systems (IS), human resources information systems (HRIS), leadership, human resource management (HRM), and tacit knowledge. HRIS and management are the two primary ideas of the research, while HRM serves as the application domain and management functions of management for HRIS. Tacit knowledge refers to the understanding and interpretation of actions that render leadership activities both nuanced and effective. The theoretical framework examines the types of information systems generated by different modes of thought and action. The framework is predicated on traditional, regular, and stereotypical thinking and behavior, which obstructs the ability to observe, discover, implement, and use alternate thoughts and actions that might yield valuable and distinctive ideas or activities for information systems design. The primary objective is to comprehend, analyze, and articulate the phenomena associated with effective leadership and the function of HRIS inside organizations.

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic progressive disease characterized by a progressive decline in pancreatic beta-cell function and insulin resistance. Multiple blood glucose-lowering agents targeting the main pathogenic mechanisms of insulin deficiency and insulin resistance are available for the management of type 2 diabetes. However, many patients do not achieve or maintain recommended blood glucose targets even with combination therapies, which are often delayed. Therefore, this study aimed to observe the effects of Empagliflozin as an add-on to Metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: This was a retrospective observational study and was conducted in the Department of Medicine, Popular Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from January 2023 to December 2023. In our study, we included 255 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients who came to receive treatment at the outdoor department of medicine of our hospital. The patients were divided into three groups- Group A (Patients who received the combination of Empagliflozin 10 mg and Metformin 1000 mg), Group B (Patients who received Empagliflozin 10 mg), and Group C (Patients who received Metformin 1000 mg). Result: We found the mean age was 55.8 ± 11.3 years. Most of our patients were male (60%). Among our patients, the majority (57.25%) of them had HbA1c of 8% to 9%. Most patients (60%) got < 8% HbA1c level in Empagliflozin 10 mg combined with metformin 1000 mg group at the end of our study. The majority (9.41%) of patients in the Empagliflozin 10 mg group had >9% HbA1c level compared to other groups. Dizziness, dyspepsia, diarrhea, nasopharyngitis, hyperglycemia, and hypoglycemia were the most common adverse events. Conclusion: The findings of the study showed that in people with Type 2 diabetes and insufficient glycaemic control, 52 weeks’ treatment with empagliflozin 10 mg as an add-on to metformin 1000 mg resulted in sustained and clinically substantial decreases in HbA1c, body weight,FPG, systolic and diastolic blood pressure.