Background: Al-Hijama is an ancestral treatment option used in different societies for the cure of various diseases. Depression is now become epidemic in in several countries. Objectives: In this pilot study we have investigated the probable effects of Al-Hijama on improving depression symptoms with the score of geriatric depression scale (GDS) in local population. Methods: 132 eligible participants were enrolled in this open label single arm pre and post clinical trial for 3 months. Depression was assessed by using geriatric depression scale (GDS) before and after Al-Hijama therapy. Results: The mean score of depression calculated by GDS in study group were 8.95 ± 2.09 before intervention and 6.05 ± 1.54 after one month and 4.63 ± 1.47 after 3 months of continue Al-Hijama sessions. The decrease in depression scale between pre and post intervention was statistically significant (p< 0.001). Conclusion: Our study showed statically significant improvement in depression after Al-Hijama therapy. In future more studies should be conducted on larger scale to assess the effectiveness of this treatment option.
Original Research Article
Oct. 25, 2021
Clinical Profile of Right Ventricular Infarction in Patients with Acute Inferior Wall Myocardial Infarction
Md. Sohel Khan, Md. Shahabuddin Khan, Md. Hanif Hossain, A. K. Al Miraj
Page Numbers : 175-180
DOI : 10.36348/sijtcm.2021.v04i10.002
Introduction: Coronary artery disease is the commonest form of heart disease and the leading cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. Its prevalence among Bangladeshi has doubled during the past two decades. Myocardial infarction is one of the most common diagnosis in hospitalized patients. Objective: To find out the clinical profile of right ventricular infarction in patients with inferior wall MI. Methods: The study was a hospital based observational cross sectional study. 30 consecutive patients of Inferior wall myocardial infarction as proved by E.C.G. admitted from June 2019 to June 2020 to the ICCU, Department of Cardiology, Al-Helal Specialized Hospital Ltd. Mirpur, Dhaka, Bangladesh. All the Patients were studied at the time of admission, during management in hospital and followed up in the hospital until recovery or death. Criteria only patients with definite evidence of IMI in 12 lead standard ECG were included in this study. For these patient’s additional Right Precordial leads were taken at the time of admission and repeated at 12 hours, 24 hours and 48 hours. Result: Out of the total 150 cases of acute MI admitted in Al-Helal Specialized Hospital Ltd. Dhaka, Bangladesh. The incidence of IMI among all the cases of AMI was 20.0% our study showed a peak incidence of RVI in the age group of 51 – 60 years but the peak incidence of IMI was in the age group of 61 years above. Our study showed a very high incidence of IMI and as well as RVI in males compared to females. This may be due to association of many risk factors which is more common in males. Our study shows percentage of various risk factors associated with MI. In most of cases multiple risk factors co-existed. In our study chest pain was the commonest symptom followed by sweating. Syncope was essentially an important presenting symptom in RVI. Palpitation was the least presenting symptom in IMI. In our study ST segment, ST of RV4 was elevated in all the 15 cases of RVI, ST elevation in all four leads (RV3, RV4, RV5 and RV6) was in 8 cases, ST elevation in any lead in 7 cases and ST of V1 was elevated in 9 cases. The incidence of VF was significantly high in cases of RVI and it was a major cause for mortality. Mortality is significantly high in RVI were as it is lower in IMI without RVI. Conclusion: The incidence of mortality and complications can be reduced only when we are fully aware of the diagnosis and the complications that can occur in RVI. So in all cases of IMI, RVI should be looked for by using simple and specific investigation like RPLs of ECG. Clinically RVI can be suspected when there is bradycardia, irregular pulse, hypotension and elevated JVP with clear lungs in a setting of Acute MI. ECG is a very simple investigative tool. The Advantage of ECG is it is easily available, noninvasive, cost effective, specific and sensitive. Involvement of the right ventricle in inferior wall myocardial infarction significantly affects the mortality and morbidity and complications.
Review Article
Oct. 24, 2021
Cetraria Islandica as a Pulmonary Cytoprotective and Supportive Herbal Remedy for Lung Complications Related to COVID-19
Salama M. El-Darier, Amani W. Nasser
Page Numbers : 168-174
DOI : 10.36348/sijtcm.2021.v04i10.001
At the end of 2019, COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) has become a global pandemic with severe acute respiratory syndrome. The virus started from Wuhan, China on 29 December 2019 and spread widely all over the world in a short period. The present review reports the activity of one striking lichen; Cetraria islandica (L.) Ach. as probable complementary effective treatment for symptoms associated with Covid-19, infection. Many potential treatments have been introduced, which are considered potent antiviral drugs and commonly reported as herbal or traditional and medicinal treatments. Currently, several studies confirmed that herbal medicine plays a major role in the prevention and treatment of many diseases also for the novel coronavirus. As well as, the post-COVID syndromes which have been detected in many people who've "recovered" from COVID-19 but still suffering from its pulmonary symptoms. In the light of findings reported in the present study, C. islandica supplements can add a significant role to protect lung from COVID-19 symptoms and post-COVID syndrome alongside with synthetic drugs or vaccines. Therefore, C. islandica supplements have the potential of being utilized as novel bio-resources for naturally occurring phytotherapies.
Original Research Article
Sept. 30, 2021
Concept of Intestinal Worms (Deedane Ama’a) in Unani Medicine and its Management
M. H. M. Hafeel, Abdul Azeez Rizwana
Page Numbers : 162-167
DOI : 10.36348/sijtcm.2021.v04i09.001
Intestinal worm infestation is the commonest form of helminth infections in human, which affect a great proportion of the world’s population and children are the most vulnerable population among them. Intestinal worm infestation is the major risk to community health which adversely contributes to the prevalence of malnourishment in developing countries. The World Health Organization estimates that over two billion people are affected with helminthiasis. Unani physicians described intestinal worms as Deedan e Ama’a and they are of opinion that the excessive putrefied phlegm is the cause for the formation of intestinal helminthiasis and the presence of worms always depends on mal-temperament or imbalance of phlegmatic temperament and unhealthy living conditions. Exploration for further alternative therapeutic agents for the treatment and control of helminthic infections has become crucial at present. Various single and compound drugs have been described in Unani literature for the treatment of different types of worm infestations and Unani physicians prescribed them since antiquity. It has been observed in routine practice that the compound formulations are more effective compared to the single drug. This systematic study was focused to assess the scope of herbal medicine in the treatment of worm infection.
Original Research Article
Aug. 16, 2021
Phyto-Melatonin and Immunity: A Review
Ghosh S
Page Numbers : 154-161
DOI : 10.36348/sijtcm.2021.v04i08.002
The basic structure of melatonin is evolutionarily conserved. Hence, it was speculated that melatonin may be present in different animals (from unicellular to multi-cellular) and even in plants. Melatonin in plans is generally regarded as phyto-melatonin. Like the role of melatonin in animals, phyto-melatonin can perform a number of functions like attenuation of apoptosis, prevention of free radical generation, protection against UV irradiation etc. But, unlike phyto-estrogen, the role of phyto-melatonin in animals is totally an unexplored area. Hence, aim of the present study was to note the role of phyto-melatonin in maintenance of general health and immunity of goats. To fulfil the aim, we supplemented the goats with phyto-melatonin rich diet i.e. corn (Zea mays) which is having 1.4 ng/gm of dry weight of tissue and they are also edible to goats. We noted significantly high level of body weight, haematological (AST, ALT level, total RBC count and %Hb), immunological (TLC, %LC, %SR of PBMCs), metabolic (plasma glucose, cholesterol, HDL, LDL, protein levels and HDL: LDL ration), free radical (SOD, catalase, GPx levels), hormonal (estrogen, melatonin), cytokine (IL-6 and TNF-α) levels and significantly low level of MDA. However, plasma testosterone was unaffected upon phyto-melatonin treatment. Thus, for the first time role of phyto-melatonin as a protective molecule with improving effect on the health and immunity of Indian goat Capra hircusis being proposed, as the effect of phyto-melatonin supplementation can be brought back to normal and this dietary supplement might be utilizing the similar pathway as commercial melatonin. There are so many less expensive and readily available sources of phyto-melatonin that requires the proper knowledge of exploitation of these sources for extreme benefit for animals as well as for the human beings in near or far future.
Original Research Article
Aug. 10, 2021
Identification of Bioactive Compound, Phytochemical Analysis and Antimicrobial Activity of Lippia adoensis var. koseret from Ethiopia
Yordanos Germame, Tegenu Mekuria
Page Numbers : 139-153
DOI : 10.36348/sijtcm.2021.v04i08.001
Lippia adoensis var. koseret is a well- known medicinal plant endemic to Ethiopia. It has been traditionally used to treat different infectious diseases and also in food preparation as condiment. The focuse of the present paper was to evaluate antibacterial activities of methanol, petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol and aqueous extracts of leave of L. adoensis var. koseret against S. aureus E.coli and P. aeruginosa at two concentration level (5 and 10mg/ml) and Phytochemical and Thin Layer Chromatography analysis of the extracts showed antibacterial activity. The antibacterial assay was carried out using agar well diffusion method. Broth dilution method was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration. Phytochemical analysis was carried out using the standard phytochemical assays. Thin Layer Chromatography analysis of the methanol, petroleum ether and ethyl acetate extracts of the leaves was carried out using the solvent system Hexane: Ethyl acetate (in 7:3 ratios). The results of antibacterial assay revealed that methanol, petroleum ether and ethyl acetate extracts active against E.coli and P. aeruginosa. Among the tested microorganism S. aureus, was resistant to all extracts. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of various chemical compounds like alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins and tannins. While, carbohydrate and amino acid were absent. Thin Layer Chromatography analysis of the methanol, petroleum ether and ethyl acetate fraction of the leaves of Lippia adoensis var. koseret revealed bands indicating the presence of various compounds that could act as potential antimicrobial agents.
Case Report
July 14, 2021
Case Report: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (Ziabetus shakari)
Abdul Azeez Rizwana, MHM Hafeel
Page Numbers : 136-138
DOI : 10.36348/sijtcm.2021.v04i07.002
A 42 year old lady approached OPD of the Ayurveda hospital, Aniyakanda, Kandana, Sri Lanka and got registered in OPD in February, 2016. She was seeking leach therapy for bluish, dilated and twisted varicose vein at the right poplitial fossa. She reported no history of diabetes mellitus on the past but on advice she did basic laboratory investigations prior to leach therapy i.e FBS, BT and CT. The blood report showed FBS of 220 mg/dl dated on 1st of March 2016. This patient was investigated as recently diagnosed case of diabetes mellitus and laboratory test was repeated 03/03/2016 to confirm diagnosis which revealed FBS of 201 mg/dl and PPBS of 240 mg/dl. Patient was advised not to take any allopathic medicine. Treatment was employed according to ilaj bil dawa (Pharmacotherapy) , half a cup of decoction was prescribed twice a day which consisted 15g of Amla (Phyllanthus embilica),15g of Gilo (Tinospora cordifolia),15g of posth e Neem (Azadirechta indica), and 15g of Darhaldi (Coscinium fenestratum) along with appropriate ilaj bil ghiza (Dietotherapy) prescribed. Patient was assessed every other week with repeated FBS for a period of 3 months. The observed mean FBS during the course of treatment was 136 mg/dl. At the end of this case study the FBS was found to be 108 mg/dl. Efficacy of variety of mufrat advia (single drug) has been already established by some studies. We need to conduct randomized clinical trial in larger sample size in order to establish the effective management for DM.
