Artificial Intelligence (AI) and sports analytics are game-changers in the world of sports, offering the potential to make data-driven decisions and optimize performance, prevent injuries, and tailor training strategies to individual athletes. In this study, we will explore how AI and sports analytics can be used to improve the performance and training effectiveness of athletes. The research design used was quantitative, descriptive and explanatory with the primary data obtained from 220 athletes of Telangana with different sports disciplines and competitive level by using a structured questionnaire. The instrument consisted of eight statements on a 5-point Likert scale which assesses athletes' perceptions of AI and sports analytics as well as demographic variables. Analysis of data collected was carried out using descriptive statistics, One-Sample t-test and Simple Linear Regression Analysis using SPSS Version 29.0. The results showed that most respondents had positive attitudes towards the use of AI and sports analytics to optimize sports performance, identify strengths and weaknesses, aid in decision making, minimize injury risk, and promote overall athlete development. The results from the One-Sample t-test showed that overall, athletes' perception of the role of AI and sports analytics compared to the neutral point was significantly higher with a t value of 23.62 and a p value of <0.001, indicating the positive impact of these technologies in enhancing sports performance. Moreover, regression analysis showed that, the use of AI was significantly associated with training effectiveness (β = 0.782, R² = 0.611, p < 0.001), accounting for 61.1% of the variance in training effectiveness. Overall, the study demonstrates that Artificial Intelligence and sports analytics are powerful tools in modern sports that can be used to great effect to benefit athletes, coaches, and sports organizations. Results give some real-world considerations for the promotion of AI-powered training systems and data-informed coaching practices to boost athlete performance and sports development outcomes.

This study examined the physicochemical characteristics of water from the Tshopo River before it entered the REGIDESO SA/Kisangani treatment plant in the Democratic Republic of Congo during the year 2024. Sixty samples were collected and analyzed, with five samples taken each month at five- to seven-day intervals. Temperature (in situ), pH, turbidity, color, conductivity, oxidizable matter content, total alkalimetric titration, total hardness, free chlorine, nitrite ion content, and chloride ion content were evaluated. The following annual average values were obtained from these physicochemical analyses: temperature 26.97 ± 0.78°C; pH 6.5 ± 0.34; total alkalimetric titration 0,0± 0,0; turbidity 2.42 ± 0.30 NTU. colour 8.4±0.30PtCo; conductivity 32.65±3.96µS/Cm; oxidizable matter content 1.75, ±0.26mg/L, alkalimetric titer 0.33±0.12°F, total hardness 0.07±2.03°F, free chlorine 1.13±0.38 mg/L, nitrite ion content 0.02±0.01mg/L and chloride ion content 3.78±0.43mg/L. These water quality parameters showed highly significant differences between the four rainfall seasons of 2024, except for pH, simple alkali-sensitivity, oxidizable solids content, total hardness, nitrite ion content, and chloride ion content (respective p-values of 0.216, 0.441, 0.925, 0.598, and 0.483). This work contributed to highlighting the impact of treatment by REGIDESO SA/Kisangani on the physicochemical quality of the Tshopo River water at the REGIDESO SA/Kisangani plant. It would be important to replicate this study over three years to assess the plant's performance.

Digital Smile Design [DSD] has transformed esthetic dentistry by integrating digital technology, facial analysis, and restorative planning to improve treatment predictability and patient satisfaction. Conventional smile design techniques often lacked precision, reproducibility, and effective communication. The development of DSD has addressed these limitations through the use of digital photography, intraoral scanning, CAD-CAM systems, virtual simulations, and artificial intelligence. This review discusses the evolution, principles, technological foundations, clinical workflow, applications, advantages, limitations, and future perspectives of DSD. The technology has enhanced interdisciplinary treatment planning in esthetic rehabilitation, orthodontics, implant dentistry, and full-mouth reconstruction while improving patient communication and diagnostic accuracy. Emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence, augmented reality, and cloud-based workflows are expected to further expand its role in personalized dentistry. Despite its advantages, challenges including high costs, technical complexity, and the need for long-term clinical validation remain. Overall, DSD represents a significant advancement toward a more precise, patient-centered, and digitally driven approach in modern esthetic dentistry.

Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) has emerged as a vital component of modern justice delivery systems worldwide. Dissatisfaction with the adversarial nature, cost, and delay of litigation has led to increased reliance on ADR mechanisms that emphasize party autonomy, confidentiality, and preservation of relationships. This paper examines the major forms of ADR, including negotiation, mediation, conciliation, arbitration, and hybrid processes such as med-arb and early neutral evaluation. It outlines the defining features, procedural frameworks, advantages, and limitations of each form. The paper argues that no single form of ADR is universally superior. Rather, the choice depends on the nature of the dispute, the relationship between parties, and the desired outcome. It concludes that a clear understanding of the forms of ADR is essential for disputants, lawyers, and policymakers to promote access to justice and decongest formal courts. The paper recommends continuous legal education, institutional support, and harmonization of ADR processes with cultural realities to maximize their effectiveness.

One of the most important parasitic diseases in freshwater fish farming due to its clinical and economic importance, ichthyophthiriasis results from I. multifiliis (a ciliate obligate parasite) infection, also known as "white spot disease" or simply "Ich." This literature review is aimed at compiling the existing knowledge about the taxonomical position, biological features, and three-stage life cycle (consisting of the theront, trophont, and tomont) of the parasite under the influence of various environmental parameters such as temperature, salinity, and pH. In addition, the epidemiological features of the infection (host specificity, susceptibility factors, transmission methods, and seasonal prevalence) as well as host-parasite relationships (mechanisms of parasite entry, i-antigen-induced immune evasion, and host response) will be considered. Clinical features and histopathological changes for various cultured species are reviewed along with the diagnosis, which includes both traditional methods as well as molecular diagnostics like qPCR and ddPCR. It is emphasized that the disease creates significant financial loss, costing more than USD 1 billion annually on a worldwide basis. The effect of the disease is significant in aquacultures from Europe, China, and North America. Prevention and management of this disease include chemical treatment, salt treatment, biological control, immunostimulants, vaccine, and biosecurity. There is no method available which gives total protection. Latest innovations in the fields of genomics, transcriptomics, novel treatment methods and DNA vaccines are also mentioned. The conclusion made by the authors is that sustainable management of I. multifiliis calls for an integration of various measures such as decreased use of chemicals, increased biosecurity, biological control, genetic resistance and precision aquaculture, with vaccine efficacy, drug resistance and climate change adaptation highlighted as key research areas.

Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) is often framed within the received English common law system in Nigeria, with emphasis on arbitration, mediation, and conciliation as statutory or court-annexed procedures. Yet, long before the introduction of English law, indigenous Nigerian societies developed sophisticated mechanisms for managing conflict that prioritized restoration, social cohesion, and communal harmony. This paper examines ADR through the lens of Nigerian customary law. The study examined that customary ADR, characterized by flexibility, accessibility, voluntariness, and restorative outcomes, remains relevant and widely utilized, especially in rural and semi-urban communities. However, challenges including lack of formal enforcement, repugnancy tests, gender bias, and conflict with constitutional rights persist. The paper concludes that a pluralistic approach which integrates customary ADR into the formal justice system will enhance access to justice, decolonize dispute resolution, and preserve indigenous jurisprudence. Recommendations include statutory recognition, capacity building for traditional adjudicators, and harmonization with human rights standards.

Corporate social responsibility disclosure (CSRD) has gained prominence due to growing stakeholders’ expectations for transparency and accountability in companies. This study, therefore, investigates the effect of corporate social responsibility disclosure on economic value added of financial services firms listed in Nigeria. A longitudinal research design was used on data obtained from companies with a population of forty-nine (49) firms publicly listed in financial services in Nigeria as at 31st December 2025, whose audited financial statements were available from 2013 to 2015. The total population was also purposely selected as the sample. The results revealed that the education initiative (EIND) and community responsibility disclosure (CMRD) have a negative effect on ECVA; EIND was not statistically significant, whereas CMRD was. However, there is an affirmative and statistically insignificant effect of health and safety disclosure (HSFD) on the economic value added of sample firms. In consonance with the results, this study recommends that corporate managers and directors align corporate responsibility with the host community's expectations to meet needs and enhance their reputation, thereby improving economic value.