Therapeutic Role of Piper nigrum L (Black Pepper) and Pharmacological Activities
Aisha Saleem, Irum Naureen, Muhammad Naeem, Gulnaz Tasleem, Hassam Ahmed, Umar Farooq
Page Numbers : 15-21
DOI : 10.36348/sijb.2022.v05i01.003
Black pepper, the King of spices (Piper nigrum L.), is a widely used spice, known for its pungent odour. From time immemorial, plant sources were used in traditional systems of medicine and day-to-day common use, such as in meal preparation and cosmetic purposes. This is due to their vast pharmacological potential with beneficial effects. Among the various species of the Piperaceae family, black pepper is one of the most popular due to its principle pharmacological component, piperine. Which is an alkaloid that has diverse pharmacological activities like antioxidant, antiobesity, antitumor, antipyretic, anticonvulsant, antithyroid, antifungal, antibacterial, insecticidal, hepatoprotective, antiasthmatic, larvicidal, antihypertensive, antiinflammatory, antidiabetic, antidiarrheal, bioavailability enhancer, immunomodulatory, antiepileptic, antifertility, GI stimulant, lipid metabolism accelerator, anticancer, CNS stimulant, diuretic, aphrodisiac, blood purifier and antiplatelet activities, etc. Due to the some religious values of black pepper, its being popular from ancient times which is beneficial to modern generation. This review is aimed to provide a literature review on recent advancement of chemistry, pharmacognosy, pharmacological activities, new Piperine based formulations and other general use of Piper nigrum.
Review Article
Jan. 21, 2022
Intrinsically Disordered Proteins, Structural and Functional Dynamics
Irum Naureen, Aisha Saleem, Hafiza Hira Rehman, Umar farooq, Iqra Iqbal, Tayyaba Sehar, Tahir Ali
Page Numbers : 8-14
DOI : 10.36348/sijb.2022.v05i01.002
The classical theory is that before being biologically active, proteins are assembled into a unique three-dimensional structure in terms of quality. These Intrinsically Disordered Proteins (IDPs) are very common in many genomes, including humans and play a key role in central cell processes such as transcription and translation, cell cycle, and cell signaling regulation. In addition, the proportion of proteins associated with various diseases such as cancer and neurodegenerative diseases is very high in IDPs. Therefore, considerable efforts have been made to elucidate the molecular mechanisms supporting the role of IDPs in Biology and disease through the use of experimental and computational methods. Animal models are needed for human genetic anatomy and better treatment options. Genetic disease Although some animals are used key models in academic and industrial research .There is a lot of stress in the anatomy of genetic diseases. The Genetic resemblance of rats and the humans from which is naturally occurring genetic disease, unique population. The availability of structure and complete genomic sequencing has made purebred dogs a powerful model. Used for disease research. The main advantage of dogs is that they suffer from about 450 genetic diseases, of which about half show significant medical symptoms, Similar to the same human disease. Therefore, these two facts make dogs an ideal medical practice, and a genetic model. This review sheds light on some of them, common genetic disease, in dog model. In this article plays an important role in identifying the genes responsible for the disease and / or the use of new genes, treatment of interest for dogs and humans.
Review Article
Jan. 7, 2022
Perspectives in the Emergence and Re-Emergence of Infectious Diseases, Geopolitics and Gain-of-Function Research
Dr. Chrysanthus Chukwuma Sr
Page Numbers : 1-7
DOI : 10.36348/sijb.2022.v05i01.001
This paper attempts to present the dissemination and transmission dynamics of emerging and reemerging infectious diseases and the underlying features of gain-of-function research and geopolitics in the ambient within and across borders. Research and publication are relevant from perspectives in the management of local and global health because disease is perspicuously a geopolitical issue ostensibly linked to gain-of-function research where health diplomacy undergirds present and future global functionalities regarding the emergence and reemergence of infectious diseases. These have generated vehement reactions with propensity for extreme geopolitics and gain-of-function natural and anthropogenic activities. Geopolitical parameters and gain-of-function issues impact on the social determinants of health and vice versa. The convening and convergence of countries for unprecented epidemic or pandemic treaty settings or other formulations to confront emerging and reemerging infectious diseases will afford considerable opportunities concerning challenges in action, preparedness and response. Provisions are pertinent for legal instruments, effective and efficient systems to curb future threats and outbreaks of infectious diseases.
Review Article
Dec. 14, 2021
Adverse Effect of Tobacco Smoking (Nicotiana tabacum) on the Bone Health
Hafiza Safoora Murad, Irum Naureen, Aisha Saleem, Muhammad Naeem
Page Numbers : 112-116
DOI : 10.36348/sijb.2021.v04i10.001
Tobacco smoke is complex mixture, which is major source of toxic chemicals. Smoking is a risk factor for osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures. According to WHO estimations, 5.4 million premature deaths are derivative to tobacco smoking. The most frequent causes of tobacco-related death are chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, heart disease and several types of cancer. Smoking negatively associated with the bone mineral density of the entire hip and femoral neck, and the exposure time was negatively associated with the bone mineral density of the total hip, femoral neck, spine, lumbar and the whole body. Smoking decreases the mechanical strength of the regenerating bone and postpones the mineralization, Indirect actions on adrenocortical hormones, sex, intestinal calcium absorption, vessels, oxygen supply, vitamin D, increased incidence of fractures and the loss of bone mineral content.
Review Article
Oct. 16, 2021
Challenges and Opportunities in Accessing Veritable Vaccines and Curbing the Dissemination and Excesses of the SARS-CoV-2 or COVID-19 Variants
Dr. Chrysanthus Chukwuma Sr
Page Numbers : 108-111
DOI : 10.36348/sijb.2021.v04i09.03
SARS-CoV-2, the etiologic agent of the COVID-19 pandemic, spatiotemporally evolves or mutates to its variant with potentialities for adverse opportunistic infections via replications and transmissions or disseminations. The dissemination and transmission of the Delta variant is accelerating more than expected partly due to unvaccinated persons not treating the pandemic as seriously as necessary. The test and tracing service must be effected because a vast proportion ofthe population is unprotected. It is crucial to restrict movements. Vaccinated persons must socialize indoors in well-ventilated ambients, and avoid non-essential foreign travels. The evolution of the COVID-19/SARS-CoV-2 pandemic portends a well-nigh impossible termination of events. It is, therefore, imperative to focus on the cost and not merely the opportunity cost to control the never-ending SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 pandemic. There is the need to make public health system a priority with emphasis on cost sharing and cost saving for vaccines and other healthcare modalities to reach the poor and the vulnerable populations in developing countries and elsewhere for safety and protection of lives through enhanced substantial, restorative and sustainable financing,technical expertise and capacity building.
Original Research Article
Oct. 12, 2021
Bisphenol A Exposure Causes Prolatin Imbalance and alters Progesterone Functions in Rats
Chinenye E. Oguazu, Francis C. Ezeonu, Enemali, M.O, Kingsley I. Ubaoji, Dike C. Charles
Page Numbers : 102-107
DOI : 10.36348/sijb.2021.v04i09.02
The associations between Bisphenol A (BPA) exposure with prolactin and progesterone hormone levels is been considered globally. A three months study was conducted with female albino rats exposed to BPA. The blood samples were collected for assay of prolactin (PRL), and progesterone (PROG). A significant positive association between increased BPA concentration and higher PRL and PROG levels were observed. The results suggest that BPA exposure may lead to alterations in female reproductive hormone levels.
Original Research Article
Oct. 2, 2021
Antihyperlipidemic Activity and Phytochemical Screening of Chromatography Fractions from the Chloroform Extract of the Sclerotia of the Edible Mushroom Pleurotus tuber reguim
Ezea BO, Afieroho OE, Suleiman M, Aprioku JS, Abo KA
Page Numbers : 97-101
DOI : 10.36348/sijb.2021.v04i09.001
Pleurotus tuber reguim is a mushroom widely used as food, and in traditional medicine for weight loss and treatment of headache, fever and stomach pain among other ailments. This present study is aimed at the evaluation of antihyperlipidemic activities of chromatography fractions obtained from an earlier reported anti-hyperlipidemic chloroform extract of Pleurotus tuber reguim using triton X-100 induced hyperlipidemic rat model as well as investigate the phytochemical constituent(s) from the active chromatography fraction(s). The pulverized sclerotia sample was extracted exhaustively by cold maceration with chloroform and the chloroform extract (6.42g) fractionated on a chromatography column(silica gel G, 200 -400 mesh-stationary phase) eluting with a gradient mixtures of n-hexane: chloroform: methanol (4:0:0; 3:1:0; 1:3:0; 0:1:0; 0:3:1; 0:2:2; 0:1:3; 0:4- v/v/v). Fractions with similar chromatography fingerprint on thin layer chromatography examination were pooled. Phytochemical screening was done using standard methods. The chloroform extract afforded four pooled chromatography fractions (F1, F2, F3 and F4). The trend: Total cholesterol [atovastatin (47.5%) > F1 (42.3%) > F2 (37.6%) > F4 (29.9%) > F3 (29.8%)]; Triglyceride [F4 (47.6%) > F1 (44.8%) > Atorvastatin (35.6%) > F3 (32.9%) > F2 (4.3%)]; High density lipoprotein-cholesterol [F2 (101.3%) > F1 (91.2%) > atovastatin (53.7%) > F3 (17.7%) > F4 (14.9%)];Very low density lipoprotein-cholesterol [F4 (47.6%) > F1 (44.8%) > Atorvastatin (35.7%) > F3 (32.9%) > F2 (4.3%)]; Low density lipoprotein-cholesterol [Atorvastatin (12.5%) > F2 (10.0%) > F1 (7.6%) > F3 (3.5%) > F4 (-4.9%)]. Fractions F1 and F2 where found to contain triterpenoids and fatty acids while fractions F3 and F4 were found to contained amino acids or peptide derivatives. Pleurotus tuber reguim exhibited hyperlipidemic activity and the presence of triterpenoids and amino acids or peptide derviatives could be responsible for the observed trend in antihyperlipidemic activity.
