Non-High-Density-Lipoprotein Cholesterol in Morocco Hemodialysis Patients
A. Marou, A. Laraqui, L. Balouche, Y. Bamou, F. El Boukhrissi
Page Numbers : 52-56
DOI : 10.36348/sijb.2021.v04i05.001
Introduction: Disturbances in lipid profile are very common in hemodialysis patients. Non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-c) has been proposed as a good predictor of atherogenic potential in the general population, but there is little data on this parameter in hemodialysis patients. The objective of this study is to assess the prevalence of lipid abnormalities in a series of hemodialysis patients and to appreciate the contribution of non-HDL-c in the identification of non-traditional risk factors related to lipoprotein subclasses. Materials and methods: we performed a case-control study which included 100 chronic hemodialysis patients, from October 2014 to February 2015. We evaluated anthropometric markers and lipids parameters in HD patients and control patients, and the correlation between them was investigated. Results: One hundred chronic hemodialysis patients with a mean age of 48 ± 17 years participated in this study. The most common lipid abnormality was a decrease in HDL-c (47%), followed by an increase in HDL-c (27%) and hypertriglyceridemia (20%). Total cholesterol (TC), LDL-c, and CT/HDL-C ratio are significantly higher in the group of patients with high non-HDL-c compared to the low non-HDL-c group. In addition, a significant correlation was demonstrated between the levels of non-HDL-c and either LDL-C (r = 0.917, p = 0.000) or TC (r = 0.941, p = 0.000). Conclusion: Our study suggests that non-HDL cholesterol is an indicator valuable in the diagnosis, monitoring of dyslipidemia and assessment of cardiovascular risk in hemodialysis patients. It amply deserves to be included in the parameters of the lipid balance within the framework of the follow-up of hemodialysis patients.
Review Article
May 23, 2021
Enzyme Vs Chemotherapy for the Treatment of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Hadia Naseem, Iqra Kanwal, Muhammad Haseeb Anwar Tarar, Sabahat Irfan, Taiyyibah Basharat, Muhammad Adnan, Nabeela Fatima, Usman Ghani
Page Numbers : 42-51
DOI : 10.36348/sijb.2021.v04i04.002
Cancer is re-unowned by production of neoplastic cells. In cancer, un-developed cells are produced by bone marrow. After their entry into the blood normal cells are un-able to produce and cause anemia. Several oncogenes, including the p53, c-fms and Ras genes, can be activated by point mutations that change the amino acid sequence in the critical portion of protein. L-asparaginase is an enzyme which, by hydrolysis, produces aspartic acid and ammonia. It is used as medicine and in the food industry. It acts as a chemo-therapeutic agent to diagnose the ALL and lymphoproliferative syndrome. The level of Asparagine reduced in plasma decreases the formation of Deoxy ribonucleic acid and Ribonucleic acid. In ALL, asparaginase used in chemotherapy medicines for dealing the patients. it donates the important development in therapy results and helps achieve reform sullener approximately 90% of patients.
Original Research Article
May 22, 2021
Phosphocalcic Status of Morocco Chronic Hemodialysis Patients and Adherence to Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Recommendations
S. Khlil, L. El Akkari, N. El Hammoumi, Z. Bennani, L. Balouche, Y. Bamou, F. El Boukhrissi
Page Numbers : 37-41
DOI : 10.36348/sijb.2021.v04i04.001
Introduction: Phospho-calcium balance disorders are very common in chronic hemodialysis. They are accompanied by a high risk of mortality, mainly due to cardiovascular complications. In this context, the KDIGO finalized recommendations updated to improve the quality of life of chronic hemodialysis and warn the complications which can engage the prognosis for survival. The objective of our study was to analyze the phosphocalcic status in Morocco chronic hemodialysis patients and to estimate the conformity of the results with the recommendations KDIGO. Materials and methods: This is a retrospective study over a period of 8 months from January to August 2018 which includes chronic hemodialysis patients followed at the laboratory of Biochemistry-Toxicology of the Moulay Ismail military hospital and the nephrology-hemodialysis clinic from Meknes. The biochemical parameters evaluated were determined on Cobas®6000 from Roche Diagnostics and then compared to the targets of the KDIGO recommendations. Results: A total of 86 patients were enrolled in the study. The average age of our patients was 44.86 ±12.65 years, with a sex ratio of 1.38. The percentages of patients with phosphocalcic data consistent with the KDIGO recommended targets for calcemia, phosphoremia and PTH1-84 were 75.5%, 50% and 43% respectively. Finally, 17.4% of patients met the KDIGO 2009 recommendations by combining all three criteria. Conclusion: The results obtained during this study should encourage clinicians to improve management of chronic hemodialysis patients.
Review Article
April 19, 2021
The Effects of Thyroid Hormones and Their Abnormalities on Intestinal and Hepatic Glucose Metabolism
Dr. Ali Abdulateef Hasan Al-bayati, Dr. Shatha MJ AL-Khateeb
Page Numbers : 26-36
DOI : 10.36348/sijb.2021.v04i03.002
Thyroid diseases are a common endocrine disorder, and thyroid hormones physiologically are well-known to have direct and indirect effects on metabolic abnormalities. Disorders of carbohydrates (glucose) metabolism are frequently reported in both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. This review considered to examine and analyze the role of thyroid hormones and their abnormalities in different level of glucose metabolism in intestinal and liver cells. A broad literature search been performed on Google Scholar and PubMed for the periods between 01/01/2021 and 25/03/2021. The search includes the followings key words; thyroid hormones, glucose metabolism, hepatocytes, hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, thyroid receptors. Liver represents a major organ that involves in both consumption, storage and production of glucose. The expression of thyroid hormones receptors in the hepatocytes are often recoded. Thyroid hormones facilitate glucose absorption from gastrointestinal system. In hyperthyroidism, hepatic glucose intake, glucokinase activity, mitochondrial activity and biogenesis, gluconeogenesis, glycogenolysis and hepatic glucose production all shown to increase. In hypothyroidism, intestinal Glucose Absorption, GLUT2 expression in hepatocytes, hepatic glucose intake, glucokinase activity, mitochondrial activity and biogenesis, gluconeogenesis, glycogenolysis are all seeming to reduced. In conclusion; Thyroid hormones represents a major regulator of glucose metabolism, and achieve their effects through promotion or demotion of expression or activation of enzymes responsible for regulation of different metabolic pathways. Thyroid disorders is associated with abnormal metabolism that could disturb the metabolic pathways and contributes or exacerbate other concomitant disease such as diabetes and metabolic syndrome.
Original Research Article
April 13, 2021
Hypoglycaemic Effects of Decoction of Camelia Sinensis (Lipton Tea) and Citrus Aurantifolia (Lime) On Plasma Glucose Concentration and Weight of Normal Albino Rats
Kasia Benedicta E, Ebieri James, Prohp the Prophet
Page Numbers : 20-25
DOI : 10.36348/sijb.2021.v04i03.001
Camellia sinensis (Lipton tea) contains polyphenols responsible for antioxidant, antidiabetic and anticancer effects. Citrus aurauntifolia is one of the major fruit trees that grows throughout the world and is known for its refreshing juice and health benefits. Some attributes of Citrus aurauntifolia (Lime) include pharmacological properties such as antitumor, anti-inflammatory, and anti-obesity activities. Lime contains phytochemicals such as flavonoids, pectins, vitamin C and vitamin E. The study was aimed at determining the effects of the decoction of lime and lipton tea on plasma glucose concentration and weight of normal albino rats. Twenty four (24) female albino normal rats of average body weight of 150g were randomly placed into two (2) groups of twelve rats each. The plasma glucose concentration was determined by spectrophotometry. The result showed that the plasma glucose decreased significantly (p<0.05) in test group compared to the controls. The rats in the test group experienced some weight loss compared to the control group with no statistical significance (p<0.05). The histological report showed that the decoction of lime and lipton tea, affected the liver, kidney adversely but had no effect on the heart after two weeks of administration. The decoction of lime and lipton tea in moderate dosage can be clinically significant in the reduction of high plasma glucose levels, hence may be beneficial in the management of diabetes mellitus.
Original Research Article
March 8, 2021
Altered Total Antioxidant Capacity and Malondialdehyde in Cervical Cancer Patients and Effect of Chemoradiation
Shah SR, Shaheen B Shaikh, Shaheena Yassir
Page Numbers : 14-19
DOI : 10.36348/sijb.2021.v04i2.001
Background: One of the leading causes of cancer-related death in women worldwide, that causes an enhancednegative impact on quality of life with regard to social and economic burden, is Cervical cancer (CaCx). Early diagnosis and treatment can plummetassociated mortality and morbidity, by hit hard and early approach. Aim and objective: To estimate serum total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and malondialdehyde (MDA) in CaCx patients and analyse their response to chemoradiation. Materials and Methods: Histopathologically proven CaCx patients (n=50) and age-matched healthy females (n=50) were recruited in case-control study. Estimation of Serum TAC, and MDA was done in recruited subjects. Both of these parameters wasestimated again after chemoradiationin CaCx patients, to scrutinize the effect of chemoradiation. In addition, 84% controls and 34% cervical cancer patients had a history of Vit. C and E supplementation. Results: The mean +SD age of the patients and controls was 43.98±6.38 and 31.56±6.84 years, respectively. The mean level of serum MDA in the patients was significantly higher as compared with the controls, whereas the mean TAC in the patients was reduced in same comparison. After chemoradiation, serum levels of TAC and MDA, increased and decreased, respectively. Conclusion: These analytical data captured suggests that patients with CaCx were in oxidative stress because the chosen oxidative parameters, serum MDA were increased, and the defensive TAC was decreased in them. Chemoradiotherapy improved their antioxidant capacity. Further studies are needed to evaluate the concurrent use of antioxidants with chemoradiotherapy for improving the disease prognosis.
Original Research Article
Feb. 27, 2021
Cymbopogon citratus 80% Methanolic Leaf Extract Inhibit Acetyl-Cholinesterase on Mice Model
Ibrahim Maina Hassan, Bulama Ibrahim
Page Numbers : 6-13
DOI : 10.36348/sijb.2021.v04i01.002
Oxygen is a unique element indispensable for life. Free radicals are forms as a consequence of ATP (adenosine triphosphate) production by the mitochondria in oxidative phosphorylation due to use of oxygen by cells to generate energy. Most of the by-products form as a result of this biochemical changes are reactive oxygen species (ROS) as well as reactive nitrogen species (RNS). Delicate balance between the two antagonistic effects is among the vital aspect of life ROS and RNS exert beneficial effects on cellular responses and immune function at low or moderate concentration. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the cholinesterase inhibitory effect of Cymbopogon citratus 80% (leaf) extract. The leaf was extracted with 80% methanol. A toxicity study was carried out on mice. Cholinesterase inhibitory activities were also evaluated on the same mice using Ellman’s method. Result revealed high cholinesterase inhibitory activities of the crude extract with high significant differences at P<0.001) between the group that were treated with crude extract only, group treated with crude extract and exposed to arsenic and group that were exposed to arsenic only as well as group that are maintained in complete media. It can be concluded that low toxicity and high cholinesterase inhibitory effect of the crude extract is responsible for it therapeutic effects of this crude extract. Toxicity screening of this crude extract on a mammal such as rat to reaffirm their toxicity profile are recommended. Antioxidant screening as well as isolation of bioactive compounds present in this plant part is strongly recommended.
