Background: Nurses’ job satisfaction is a very important issue that determines the stability of the workforce, quality of treatment provided, and performance of a given organization. The level of demand in hospitals, staffing issues, and dependence on expatriate nurses in Saudi Arabia, especially in the Eastern Region, are growing, which is why the level of job satisfaction is crucial to assess. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the extent of job satisfaction among nurses at major hospitals in the Eastern Region of Saudi Arabia and further determine institutional, job, and family related factors that affect job satisfaction based on Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory. Methods: A cross-sectional quantitative design was used. A total of 390 registered nurses from four large hospitals were used as the data source using a structured self-administered questionnaire. The measures were institutional characteristics, job characteristics, family support, job satisfaction, absenteeism, and intention to leave. They were done using Descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression were used. Results: The results showed moderate to high levels of overall job satisfaction among nurses. Job characteristics were found to be the best predictor of job satisfaction (b = 0.48, p < 0.001), followed by institutional characteristics (b = 0.34, p < 0.001) and family support (b = 0.16, p = 0.001). Major differences in job satisfaction were found in terms of age, experience, and clinical department. Conclusion: The Two-Factor Theory of Herzberg is in line with the findings that indicate that intrinsic job-related factors are the most determining factors in the job satisfaction of nurses in major hospitals in Eastern Saudi Arabia. Nurse satisfaction, retention, and quality of healthcare services can be enhanced through improvements in recognition, professional growth, and working environments.

Congenital hypothyroidism is the first endocrinopathy found in newborns. it is a pathology subject to systematic screening in most countries around the world. Pendrid syndrome is a genetic cause of HC with thyroid gland in situ. It is a genetic condition in “SLC26A4 gene” (OMIM 605646) encoding Pendrin protein, and resulting in neurosensory deafness with congenital hypothyroidism and goiter. The presence of the 2 major symptoms; deafness and CH, consolidates the diagnosis while genetic sequencing is an element of confirmation. We report the observation of an infant who is a candidate for cochlear implant surgery and who was referred to us for hypothyroidism, in whom there is a history of severe pneumonia on bronchiectasis, which is a manifestation directly related to pendrid syndrome. An adequate thyroid biological and morphological evaluation, as well as screening for other malformations that may be associated with pendrid syndrome are extremely important in a holistic management of this genetic disease. To also recall the vital role that systematic screening for HC can play in preventing neurological disability among children, a procedure that is still not systematic in our country and that we fight to implement it.

Background: Albuminuria and poor glycemic control drive kidney and cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetes. Dapagliflozin lowers glucose and reduces albuminuria through renal mechanisms. Evidence from trials is strong, yet data from routine care in Dubai are limited. Objective: To evaluate changes in urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio and HbA1c over 24 months after dapagliflozin initiation in Dubai primary care. Methods: We performed a retrospective longitudinal study using the Salama electronic record across Dubai Health Authority clinics. Adults with type 2 diabetes who started dapagliflozin contributed measurements at baseline, 3, 6, 12 and 24 months. The primary outcome was change in UACR. Secondary outcome was change in HbA1c. Paired comparisons used baseline vs each follow-up. Longitudinal trends used repeated measures analyses. Prespecified subgroups assessed UACR by age group and HbA1c by sex, age and metformin use. Results: Two hundred adults were included. Mean age was 61 years, range 21 to 87 years. UACR fell from 123 mg/g at baseline to 52 mg/g at 24 months, a 57.7% reduction, p<0.001. The decline appeared by 3 months and progressed at each visit. The 24-month UACR was 52 mg/g with 95% CI 50 to 54. HbA1c decreased from 8.2% to 6.8% at 24 months, p<0.001, with 24-month HbA1c 95% CI 6.7 to 6.9. By age subgroup, UACR reduction at 12 months ranged from 25% in patients 40–50 years to 50% in those 70–80 years and at 24 months ranged from 35% to 70%. HbA1c improved across subgroups. Larger absolute HbA1c drops were seen in younger patients and in those treated with metformin at baseline. HbA1c patterns by sex were similar. Conclusion: In Dubai primary care, dapagliflozin was associated with large and sustained reductions in albuminuria and a meaningful fall in HbA1c over 24 months. Early change at 3 months and continued improvement through 2 years support routine monitoring at these intervals. These results suggest that expected renal and glycemic benefits can be achieved in day-to-day care across diverse patients.

Selective abortion following a prenatal diagnosis of Down syndrome presents complex ethical and religious challenges, particularly within the context of Qatar. Advances in prenatal screening enable early detection of chromosomal conditions, prompting debates grounded in the principles of autonomy and non-maleficence. While autonomy emphasizes the pregnant individual’s right to make informed reproductive choices, it does not provide sufficient moral justification for terminating a fetus granted moral personhood. Arguments based on anticipated familial burden or altered expectations fail to demonstrate that lives affected by Down syndrome lack value. From the perspective of non-maleficence, abortion constitutes significant harm by depriving the fetus of a “future like ours,” and claims of psychological harm rely on speculative judgments shaped by societal discrimination rather than intrinsic suffering. Islamic bioethics and Qatari law further restrict abortion, permitting it only under specific conditions, such as severe fetal anomalies before ensoulment or maternal health risks. These frameworks affirm the sanctity of life and reject disability-based termination. Ultimately, ethical responses should prioritize inclusion, reduce stigma, and strengthen support systems for families, aligning medical practice with principles of justice and the equal dignity of all human lives.

Auricular perichondritis is an uncommon but potentially serious complication of ear piercing, particularly when the cartilaginous part of the auricle is involved. It is most often caused by bacterial infection, with Pseudomonas aeruginosa being the predominant pathogen, and may lead to cartilage necrosis and permanent deformity if not promptly treated. We report the case of a patient who developed auricular perichondritis following ear piercing, presenting with painful swelling, erythema, and tenderness of the pinna while sparing the lobule. Clinical diagnosis was supported by physical examination, and management consisted of early systemic antibiotic therapy combined with local care, leading to a favorable outcome. This case highlights the importance of early recognition of auricular perichondritis, appropriate antimicrobial treatment, and awareness of piercing-related risks to prevent functional and cosmetic sequelae.

Introduction: Tuberculosis remains a major public health problem in Senegal and, despite effective treatment, it frequently leaves respiratory sequelae that cause chronic morbidity. This study was conducted to determine the epidemiological, diagnostic, therapeutic and evolutionary aspects of post-tuberculosis respiratory sequelae. Methodology: Retrospective and descriptive study including patients with post-tuberculosis respiratory sequelae followed at the Saint-Jean de-Dieu Hospital in Thiès (Senegal). Results: Over a period of 63 months, we identified 133 cases of post-tuberculosis respiratory sequelae. There was a male predominance (67%) with a sex ratio of 2 and an average age of 51 years. In 83% of cases, a single episode of tuberculosis was sufficient to cause respiratory sequelae. Radiological abnormalities were mainly located in the lung parenchyma (61%) and were bilateral in 86% of cases. The main types of abnormalities were fibrous condensation blocks (15.03%), followed by emphysema (14.2%), pulmonary calcifications (13.53%) and fibrosis (9.02%). The complications found mainly included aspergillosis graft (32%) and chronic pulmonary heart disease (CPC) (32%). Conclusion: Post tuberculosis pulmonary sequelae remain common in vulnerable patients, with persistent symptoms and varied lesions. The lack of targeted functional assessment calls for more comprehensive prospective studies.

Cancer therapy continues to face major challenges due to nonspecific drug distribution, systemic toxicity, and the emergence of drug resistance. Repurposing established drugs in combination with bioactive natural compounds and delivering them through nanocarriers represents a promising strategy to overcome these limitations. The present study focuses on the formulation, characterization, and combined efficacy evaluation of metformin hydrochloride and quinic acid–loaded niosomes for enhanced anticancer activity. Metformin, a widely used antidiabetic agent, exhibits anticancer effects through AMPK activation, mTOR inhibition, and metabolic reprogramming, while quinic acid, a natural polyphenolic compound, possesses antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and pro-apoptotic properties. Co-encapsulation of these agents in niosomal nanocarriers was undertaken to improve bioavailability, ensure synchronized delivery, and achieve synergistic therapeutic effects. The niosomes were prepared using suitable non-ionic surfactants and cholesterol and evaluated for physicochemical characteristics, including particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency, drug content, and in-vitro drug release. Morphological analysis confirmed the formation of uniformly distributed nanosized vesicles. In-vitro cytotoxicity studies demonstrated that the co-loaded niosomes exhibited significantly enhanced anticancer activity compared to individual drugs and their free combination, indicating synergistic efficacy. Overall, the findings suggest that metformin and quinic acid co-loaded niosomes offer a promising, cost-effective, and multi-targeted nanotherapeutic approach for cancer management with potential for further translational development.