Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly transforming healthcare delivery worldwide, offering promising solutions to improve diagnostics, treatment, and administrative efficiency. This study assessed the level of awareness and extent of utilisation of AI-based tools among healthcare professionals in South-East Nigeria. A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted using a structured questionnaire distributed via Google Forms to 450 healthcare workers, including doctors, nurses, laboratory scientists, physiotherapists, radiographers, and health information officers. Descriptive statistics and chi-square analysis were employed to analyse the data. Results showed that while 64.4% of respondents were aware of AI technologies, only 30% reported actively utilising these tools in clinical or administrative practice. A significant association was found between professional role and AI awareness (χ² = 12.35, p = 0.02), with doctors exhibiting higher awareness than other groups. Key barriers to adoption included inadequate infrastructure (66.7%), insufficient funding (60%), limited technical expertise (55.6%), data privacy concerns (44.4%), and lack of regulatory frameworks (33.3%). These findings highlight the need for targeted investments in infrastructure, capacity building, and policy development to accelerate AI integration into healthcare in resource-constrained settings. The study provides valuable insights for policymakers, healthcare administrators, and technology developers aiming to harness AI’s potential to improve health outcomes in Nigeria and similar contexts.

Hernias remain one of the most frequently encountered surgical conditions worldwide, with more than 20 million hernia repairs performed annually. Inguinal hernias constitute nearly 75% of all abdominal wall hernias, with a significantly higher lifetime risk in men (27%) than in women (3%). Innovations in mesh technology, minimally invasive techniques, and enhanced recovery pathways have transformed outcomes, reducing recurrence rates from 20–30% in the pre-mesh era to approximately 1–5% with contemporary mesh-based repairs. Despite these advances, complications such as chronic postoperative pain still affect 10–12% of patients. This review synthesizes current evidence on the epidemiology, pathophysiology, risk factors, diagnostic strategies, and evolving surgical approaches in hernia management, highlighting global trends and future directions.

Preventive nursing plays a vital role in strengthening public health by promoting wellness and reducing the spread of infectious diseases. This study highlights the most effective strategies used in preventive nursing and examines current challenges that limit their impact. Key approaches include comprehensive health education that empowers communities, vaccination programs that reduce disease incidence, and epidemiological surveillance that enables early detection and response. Strict infection control protocols also remain essential in minimizing transmission within healthcare and community settings. Despite its importance, preventive nursing faces several obstacles. These include limited public awareness, rising antimicrobial resistance, and shortages in financial and human resources. Additionally, healthcare providers often require enhanced cultural competence to effectively address diverse community needs. To overcome these challenges, the study recommends strengthening health policies, increasing investment in preventive services, and adopting technological solutions such as telehealth to expand access to care. Continuous professional development for nurses and strong multidisciplinary collaboration are also crucial in improving preventive practices. Supporting further research in preventive nursing can help create more resilient health systems capable of responding to future infectious threats. Overall, reinforcing preventive nursing efforts Is essential for enhancing global health security and improving population health outcomes.

Lutein has a range of nutritional and health-enhancing characteristics, based on its multifaceted biological action in people, which comprise antioxidative, immunomodulatory, and anti-inflammatory properties. This study explored the effect of repeated of lutein on cerebral antioxidants (Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Glutathione (GSH)) in the animals that were subjected to memory impairment by Diazepam. Thirty (30) Wistar rats was used for this study and the rats were acclimatized for a period of 14 days, and was then divided into six groups; Group 1: Control, Group 2: Diazepam Only (5mg/kg) , Group 3: Diazepam + Lutein (20mg/kg) , Group 4: Diazepam + Lutein (40mg/kg), Group 5: Diazepam + Lutein (60mg/kg), Group 6: Diazepam + Donpenzil (Standard Drug). Administration was done for a period of 21 days. Diazepam significantly disrupted working memory, spatial learning, and retention, which were reflected by a decrease in spontaneous alternation in the Y-maze and longer escape latencies and increased errors in the Barnes maze. It also lowered SOD and GSH activities in the brain. These deficits were being restored by lutein treatment in a dose-dependent manner, restoring spontaneous alternation, shortening escape latency and error rates, and increasing retention performance. Biochemically, lutein had significant restorative effect on brain SOD and GSH levels which were comparable to donepezil. This research concluded that lutein can mitigate diazepam-induced memory impairment by boosting antioxidant levels in a dose-dependent manner, with medium to high doses being particularly effective. These findings support lutein’s potential as a dietary neuroprotective agent against drug-induced cognitive impairment.