Introduction: Patient falls are a global concern that has been identified as one of the most common adverse events affecting patient safety in healthcare institutions around the world. In this study, factors associated with the occurrence of patients falling were investigated and classified into three categories: patient-related factors, environment conditions and nurse-related factors. Methods: The study was descriptive and cross-sectional. It was conducted between 15 February and 15 March 2024 in King Saud Medical City. A self-administered questionnaire was personally sent to staff nurses. The total nurses participating in the study was 504. Results: The most common factors leading to patient falls are wet floors, an absence of warning signs, a lack of safety grab bars, unsafe corridors, and a shortage of staff nurses, as well as distributing patients in different rooms, making it difficult to observe all of them simultaneously. Moreover, a patient who starts walking after an extended period in bed will be at increased risk of falling. Nurses also agreed that polypharmacy can be a risk factor for patient falls. Conclusion: The results present a clear picture of the various factors that healthcare professionals perceive as contributing to patient falls. Environmental conditions, operational issues and patient-related factors all play significant roles.

Background: Discharge Against Medical Advice (DAMA) is considered one of the worldwide concerns of the healthcare sector. DAMA is the condition when the patient or caregiver in the case of pediatrics, leaves the hospital against the recommendation or agreement of the treating physician. This study aims to assess DAMA prevalence among pediatrics in two tertiary hospitals in Saudi Arabia and explore demographic data related to DAMA in pediatric patients. Methodology: A retrospective study was conducted in two tertiary hospitals (KFMC, Dr. Suliman Al-Habib) using the medical records of all DAMA from 2021 to 2022. All analyses were performed using SPSS. Descriptive statistics and chi-square were used. P-values of less than 0.05 were statistically significant for all analyses. Result: The total number of discharges among the two hospitals was 10,707, with 264 DAMA cases. The prevalence of DAMA was found to be 2.47%. Most DAMA cases had a more extended stay at the hospital, exceeding 22 days, with a prevalence rate of 5.14. There was no significant difference in DAMA cases between males and females, with rates of 2.46% and 2.48% respectively. Conclusion: The study found that the rate of DAMA in two tertiary hospitals is within the range in Saudi Arabia. Also, DAMA was linked to more extended hospital stays, significantly impacting patients and the healthcare system.