Sugarcane flowering is a blessing in subtropical and temperate areas. It is intricate process subjected to a complex interaction of physiological and environmental facets chiefly plant maturity, photoperiod and temperature. Though at Murree, later two (environmental) parameters vary to bit extent from optimum, even then flowering does occur among good number of lines. Almost 41% of the lines grown during this study period flowered to different degree at 400m altitude. Lines were categorized as early (early November to July, 20 lines), intermediate (March to July, 45 lines) and late flowering (May to July, 21lines). Late flowering lines have relatively defined flowering period of 6 to 8 weeks. For sugarcane to flower, minimum physiological maturity is observed to be achieved when plant is about 75 days old or has developed 3 to 4 naked internodes. Shortening day length from 12h 30min to 12h was achieved in second week of September at 120 second per day. Average minimum temperature of (12.2oC) prevailed during flower initiation which was much below optimum requirement of 22oC. Low temperature resulted in variation in flowering among genotypes and was also responsible for reduced fuzz viability. Present study was conducted to ascertain factors responsible for sugarcane flowering at particular site. It will also help to plan future hybridization program in sugarcane.

Jatropha oil is considered one of the most important vegetable oil can use as biodiesel. This study was studied the genetic variations of Egyptian Jatropha curcas. Analysis of the five SSR loci with the ten of genotypes detected a total of 10 bands or alleles with 60 % polymorphism. The results showed that genotypes having the allele with the JCDS10 SSR locus (116bp) were 42 times more likely to have a high (above 10%) oleic acid content compared with these without this allele. The same results were obtained with the SSR loci JMDB57 and JCPS20 (alleles 82bp and 108bp) and increased odds to 3.8 and 3.6, respectively). While, allele at the JEM100 (140bp) SSR locus was showed negatively correlated with oleic acid content and exhibits a decreased odds (0.035) of having high (above 10%) oleic acid content. On other hand, Oleic acid content might be independent from the alleles at JCKASII SSR locus (OR=1.0). Moreover, the G9 oil specification was matched with European’s standard. The Values of Oil density, Viscosity and Iodine Value were 0.85 gm/cc, 34 cp and 96.5 mg. I2. g-1, respectively. Altogether, we can conculcated that the 5 SSR loci can use for study the genetic variations of Egyptian Jatropha curcas on a molecular basis. In addition, genotype 9 could be useful parental line for developing mapping population to map EST-SSRs (transcribed regions).