Sokoto Province was created over the territory of an Islamic polity called the Sokoto Caliphate. The Caliphate emerged as a product of the Sokoto Jihad of 1804. A number of Caliphs ruled the polity before it was occupied by the British colonial administrators. After the occupation and the subsequent consolidation of colonial rule, Sokoto Province was created and the Caliphal system was changed to Sultanate. Consequently, a number of Sultans ruled contributed significantly to the development of their subjects and or the Province as whole. Of all the Sultans, Sir Saddiq Abubakar III is considered to be longest and most contributory Sultan throughout the colonial and post-colonial periods. This paper examined the role and contributions of Abubakar III in the economic development of Sokoto Province.

This study examined the impact of financial sector reforms on agricultural output in Nigeria. The specific Objectives were to; compare the output of the different agricultural subsectors in the different reform era, compare the contribution of loans to output of the different agricultural subsectors and toanalyze the impact of reforms on farmer’s output. Data for the study were obtained from Central Bank of Nigeria Statistical bulletin, annual report, federal budget allocation report, annual reports. Data obtained were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. The results showed that agricultural output of the crop sector was consistently higher than that of other agricultural subsectors in virtually all the reform periods; the contribution of loan to output in the livestock and fisheries subsectors were consistently below 12% and 3% respectively all through the financial reform periods; the volume of loan disbursed by bank to agricultural sector and the reforms had a significant impact on farmers’ output.

This study investigated the influence of Information Communication Technology (ICT) in teaching and learning Geography in selected tertiary institutions in Adamawa State, Nigeria. The study specifically sought to determine if Geography teachers in tertiary institutions are exposed to new technologies, establish whether new technologies are available for teaching Geography, investigate the extent of integration of these new technologies into teaching Geography and examine the factors that inhibit teachers from using new technologies in teaching Geography in selected tertiary institutions in Adamawa State. The study adopted a descriptive survey design and the population consisted of students of three tertiary institutions in Adamawa State. Three hundred respondents were selected using stratified random sampling technique. The instrument titled: „Information and Communication Technology in Teaching and Learning Geography Questionnaire‟ was validated by an expert in Guidance and Counselling from the Department of Science Education. The reliability value was calculated using Kudden Richardson formular (KR-21) which yielded reliability co-efficient of 0.87.

This paper with use descriptive-analytic method intends to explain spatial injustice in Iran. Spatial injustice refers to the imbalanced distribution of valuable political, social and economic power, wealth, infrastructures and opportunity resources. From political geography point of view, spatial injustice can be a threat to the national integrity, national & domestic security and creation of critical areas in the state. Spatial injustice is an important feature of spatial organization in Iran, which is formulated on a core-periphery structure from the local to national scale. This paper seek to address the following questions: what are the effective factors in spatial injustice in Iran? What are the consequences of spatial injustice on Iran? The results show that the most important foundations of spatial injustice in Iran are inequality in the distribution of power, wealth and opportunity resources, weakness of the budgeting system, weakness of management of regional and local systems, the absence of spatial justice as a general demand and institutionalized centralization.Spatial injustice, on one hand, endangers peace and stability of the country and threatens legitimacy of the political system on the other hand. Issues such as divergence, armed conflict, drugs, terrorism are the main reflections of spatial injustice that Iran is involved on the national scale.

This study aims to examine and analyze the effect of satisfaction and e-service quality on consumer trust towards repurchase intention in e-commerce industry. Research data is primary data derived from online questionnaires sent to consumers which at least had done transaction in Lazada E-commerce. Sampling numbers in this research are 180 respondents and the analysis method used is SEM (Structural Equation Modelling) with AMOS 24 Software. Trust is able to mediate satisfaction and e-service quality with repurchase intention in e-commerce industry. Repurchase intentions is key value of e-commerce success. The study provide evidence that trust can is built through customer satisfaction and e-service quality.

The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of physical material distribution on service delivery at the British Army Training Unit, Nanyuki, Kenya. This study was pegged on the human systems dynamics and the institutional theory. A descriptive research design was adopted to analyze the effect of materials management on service delivery. The target population was 535, from which a sample of 229 respondents was used to obtain information. A stratified random sampling technique was used to ensure that there are no biases in the selection of the respondents. The respondents were divided into two strata; the industrial and non-industrial employees. Data was collected using a questionnaire, which contained open and closed-ended questions. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire was tested using content validity and Cronbach’s Alpha, respectively. A pilot study was undertaken at the Kahawa Barracks. The data collected was analyzed using SPSS software. Descriptive statistics enabled the researcher to present data in a meaningful way, while inferential statistics helped to deduce meaning to the findings. A regression analysis was conducted to test the hypothesis presented in the study. Presentation of the findings was done with tables and graphs. On the effect of physical material distribution, the study found out that there is a strong transportation system in the organization, however; no regulations had been put in place to select the transportation modes also the study uncovered that the organization had made sufficient investments for warehousing infrastructure. In addition, physical material distribution was found to have a positive correlation with service delivery (r= 0.319; p= 0.000). There was a demonstration that a statistically significant relationship exists between physical material distribution and service delivery at BATUK. The study recommended that a similar study should be conducted in other organizations in the public and private sectors in Kenya.