The objective of this study was to reveal the effects of opportunity, internal control, and management commitment on fraud opportunities. The samples were taken at some companies in Palembang, including PT. PLN UIP Sumbagsel, PT. PLN WS2JB, PT. Surveyor Indonesia and the Regional Mining and Energy Company totalling 154 respondents. Out of 154 questionnaires sent, 148 questionnaires were returned. The sampling was done using the purposive sampling technique. The data collected were the primary data which were first tested for their validity and reliability. The data analysis method used was the multiple regression analysis that had met the classical assumption testing requirements. The results of the study indicate that the opportunities have a significant effect on the fraudulent actions in the selected companies. Whereas the internal control and the management commitment have a negative effect on the fraudulent actions

Language teachers in India continue to struggle with effective development and successful implementation of a task-based lesson. The current paper presents a template for teachers to frame and execute language tasks to achieve desired outcomes. The paper begins with a brief discussion of tasks, and then follows a discussion on three-tier task-based learning framework, model and lesson. A teaching unit/ sample lesson is also included to illustrate the method. The sample lesson presented was developed for elementary stage students studying in schools of India. The developed plan focused on vocabulary and structures needed to make reservations in different paid establishments. Any task-based lesson primarily includes pedagogical tasks that mirror the real-world tasks. Owing to its usability outside the boundaries of the classroom, a task-based lesson becomes more meaningful and apropos to students. Such basic lesson can be used as a model to teach relevant vocabulary and sentence structures pertaining to other real world tasks including talking about clothes and fashion, calling customer care for help, other telephonic conversations etc.

Solid waste management has emerged as one of the greatest challenges facing environmentalprotection agencies and the communities in developing countries and the increasing waste generation has become a topic of water pollution and environmental concern in the metropolis.This study seeks to evaluate the management of solid waste in Lagos State and proffers workable solutions to these challenges which will improve environmental sustainability.In this study, solid waste management challenges are characterized by inefficient collection methods, insufficient coverage of the collection system and some level of improper waste disposal. Observation of the environment, and direct interviews with people in the area was also conducted. The data obtained were analyzed and the study indicates that wastes generation, sorting, handling and disposal were mostly implicated, and that dumping and landfill are some of the current methods being adopted in the disposal of wastes within Lagos, composting and incineration are less often adopted just as industry best practice methods like recycling and re-use are less frequently used. It was also seen that the main type of waste disposal system used in Ajah is the PSP, which is meant to make waste management better, but due to challenges in pick up times, it seems to have a drawback. The analysis shows us that the use of PSP is the most prominent waste disposal system practiced but with a challenge of pick up timing. The most generated type of waste within the study area happens to be the food waste. To this effect, recommendations were given to bring solutions as follows;People should be treated as active partners in the process of change, there will be a more likely successful situation of waste management; Relevant information should be presented to the people and even with an increase of awareness to a certain level, additional monitoring and sustained management over a long period of time is necessary; The monthly environmental sanitation practice should be taken more seriously and the waste collection trucks from LAWMA should immediately after the sanitation if not during the sanitation, go round to collect the refuse that will be heaped on roads during the sanitation practice; The state assembly should formulate laws on waste management which will go as far as individual waste practice and ensure that the laws are enforced by government agencies; Monthly awards to neatest areas should be instituted to encourage the people of the areas to keep their environment clean always by properly handling and storing their wastes. Government should not only make laws, but sponsor public health and environmental education programmes regularly and also make environmental education part of the education curriculum at all school levels.

In equality in girl’s education has been a subject for many developing countries. The Kenyan government developed the policy of the re-entry of the teenage mothers to school in 2001. The policy allows teenage mothers to re-enter schools after delivery. Despite the policy being in place, very few teenage mothers have been returning to school. This study sought to find out the cultural aspects that affects the implementation of the re-entry policy of teenage mothers to school in Bungoma County. The main objective of the study was to find out the various aspects of culture that affected the re-entry policy of teenage mother to schools in Bungoma County. The critical theory by Habernes was adopted as the theoretical framework. The convergent parallel mixed method research design was used. The research population comprised of teenage mothers, student girls, head teachers, principals, Guiding and Counselling teachers, Sub County Quality Assurance and Standards Officers. The main data collection instruments were Questionnaires and Interview schedules. Questionnaires were administered to the Teenage mothers, school girls, Guidance and counselling teachers, while the interview schedule were administered to Sub County Quality Assurance and Standards Officers and head teachers. Pilot study was carried out in Trans Nzoia County. Reliability index of 0.79 was obtained. Quantitative data was coded and presented using tables and analyzed through frequency distribution and percentages. Qualitative data was organized and broken into themes synthesized to search for patterns and meaning. This study was significant for it identified various cultural factors that affected the implementation of the re-entry policy. The study revealed various cultural factors that hindered the effective implementation of the policy included, attitudes, prejudice, gender discrimination and traditional customs. There is therefore a need to address these cultural factors so as to enable these teenage mothers to reenter school.

This study was designed to investigate the influence of Postate cancer awareness campaigns on the knowledge, attitude and practices of men in SouthEastern Nigeria. The study employed the survey method of enquiry. The population of the study is 8,184,951 adult males in South-Eastern Nigeria. Five research questions guided the study. The data was analysed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS). The result of the data analysed revealed that the awareness and knowledge level on postate cancer is relatively low among the men in South-Eastern Nigeria. Also, most information on postate cancer were made known to the respondents by medical practitioners, however, those respondents that are exposed to the campaigns agreed that the campaigns have influenced their behavior positively. The study recommends that, awareness campaigns should be well structured both in English and the target audience local language to sufficiently and effectively convey the Prostate cancer campaign messages. Thus, the risks and the effects of the negative attitudes of men towards this campaigns must obviously be stated citing relevant examples. Also, campaign planners should involve the target audience/opinion leaders as participants in the campaign and too, lower the age for screening, so that early detection and prevention can be detected before it becomes late. There must always be emotional, physical and psychological appeal in the campaign messages.

The rural milieu of Cameroon is lagging in development infrastructures. Local stake holders via local development committees invest in those areas to uplift the living standards of the populations. It is against this backdrop that this paper aims at making a comparative analysis of the actions of development committees in the Bangang Chientaincy (Bamboutos) since 1977 and in the township of Meskine (Diamare) since 1993, in order to evaluate the level of participation of local stake holders in the development of their land. Primary and secondary data have enabled us to analyze the actions of the development committee of Bangang (including its three subcommittees) with those of the Meskine central committee (including one subcommittee). The evaluation results situate respectively in Bangang and Meskine at 68% against 64% the rate of public actions accomplished by the committees, at 28% against 35% the rate of social actions, and at 4% against 1% the rate of economic actions.

Higher education is not a form of cost but is one form of investment. This form of return can be in the form of a high bargaining value when the relevant person gets a job offer. Higher education not only has economic value in individuals, but in society One of the economic values of higher education is the existence of employment opportunities for the community when higher education is held in a location where economic value can be in the form of employee recruitment or the opening of new jobs in the informal sector for the surrounding community. The challenge for the education sector is to develop educational systems capable of improving basic education equity, education quality and relevance of education to development needs, as well as science and technology education. Because everything that has been proven to have direct and indirect impact on economic growth of the Indonesia Economic.This study uses a qualitative approach with study methods case. The data analyzed is the result of interviews with the field of service and direct observation in the field of services and general fields, and review documents at Private Universities in Surabaya

The social imperatives underlying the naming of the child seereer and the protocol that rules outdoor ceremony remain an original and fascinating research topic. The seereer first name has an informative character on, for instance, the geographical origin, the circumstances of birth, the date of birth, the sex, the character, among others, of the child. This study on the Seereer traditional naming system is semantically oriented to provide a better understanding of such a cultural fact. The article tries also to explore the origin of some seereer names. It also aims to study the process of the traditional way of naming of seereer people, to show how the name is given, who is entitled to give the name, then to draw up the typology of names in the Seereer culture, so as to list the social peculiarities of first names, the social factors of choice, through a decipherment of the semantic content (message to be grasped), the social value and the symbolism that the seereer first name encodes. Through the seereer first name, appears a set of things of a strong sociocultural connotation. The terminology of the Seereer names includes items with value of simulation, conjuration, prayers, etc.

The development challenges of Nigeria’s oil-rich region – the Niger Delta – have remained palpable. It has also necessitated many debates from different ideological perspectives. The much attention received stems from the fact that the Niger Delta is a region blessed (cursed) with huge human and natural resources, but has remained perpetually poor. That is the basis for the now-cacophonic paradox in the region: wealthiest but penurious. Many reasons have been adduced for the existence of this paradox but very little attention has been given to the impacts of the character of Nigerian post-colonial state on the development issues of the region. It is against this backdrop that this paper attempted an investigation into the relationship between the nature of Nigerian state, its form of federalism and the demonstrable development challenges of the Niger Delta. In conducting this investigation, Marxian Political Economy Approach was adopted as the theoretical framework in order to historicise the emergence of Nigerian post-colonial state with a view to ascertaining the factors responsible for its characterisation as deformed-capitalist. As a largely desk study, data were mainly obtained from secondary sources which included such documents as journals, textbooks and articles in addition to internet resource materials. Content analysis of the data revealed that the deformed-capitalist nature of Nigerian post-colonial state partly manifests in its distorted federalism which has furthered the development of underdevelopment in the Niger Delta. The paper therefore recommended the restructuring of Nigeria’s federal system, tantamount to the implementation of real fiscal federal principles which are instrumental to the development of federations like United States of America and states like Alaska. In other words, resource control was highly advocated.

Global interests in both pre and post-colonial periods dominate conservation practices in Africa. The argument that human beings and their activities are the drivers of environmental degradation served as a bedrock for the formation of early-protected areas across the continent. Other stakeholders who do not necessarily bear the costs realize the huge benefits of conservation. Equally important is the fact that, in both the colonized and non-colonized geographies, replication of similar, though not identical conservation policies evolved and dominated the biodiversity conservation patterns and the current scene of policies at least in some East African countries. This paper seeks to analyze the historical incidents that triggered these countries, namely (Ethiopia, Tanzania, and Kenya) to adopt Fortress Conservation approach from the outset and unable to change under growing pressures from local and global stakeholders interested in resource use and conservation alike. To that end, the historical survey of literatures devoted to conservation practices and approaches of these countries, comparative analysis of the actual conservation policies at work, and the different interests mobilized by different actors were identified and systematically analyzed.