Adult education encompasses basic literacy that caters for beginners, post literacy for literacy sustainability and Non-formal education for primary and secondary level. This study was limited to Basic and post-literacy programmes. Despite efforts made by the government in awareness creation and recruitment drives of adult learners; participation in ACE centres has been evasive and quite low. The objective of this study was to establish the extent to which economic structures affect learners participation in adult education. This study was guided by Herzberg’s. Theory of Motivation .The population of this study was 58 ACE centres government sponsored ACE centres with their adult education teachers and a total of 838 adult learners. Purposive sampling technique was used to get a sample of 52 government sponsored ACE centres with its 52 teachers and systematic sampling of 10% of the sample of adult learners, thus 251 adult learners sample. This study used mixed research design to collect and analyse data.

The empowerment of women is a crucial focus of gender policies in many countries. The issue has become a focal point because in their efforts towards being socially productive, women irrespective of social or economic background are confronted with constraints at different points by different natural and cultural conditions. By nature, an average woman will menstruate, perhaps get pregnant and even experience menopause at some point in her life. These conditions, coupled with housework, which in most cultures is exclusively allocated to women as their primary and traditional role, are not without physical and emotional health implications. This paper explores the constraints posed by these conditions to employed women in their performance and labour productivity. The paper further stresses the need for women-sensitive employment benefits and incentives such as domestic servants, specialist medical and counseling services, as well as holiday periods in organizations, highlighting how they can function to empower employed women to weather the constraints they face, and still optimize performance and productivity at work.

The study investigates infrastructural resource provision in university libraries in Nigeria’s North Central Zone with reference to managerial variable of planning as influence factor via an Ex post facto research. The Cronbach Alpha method was used to determine the internal consistency of the items of the instrument. Data were collected by means of a questionnaire complemented by observation of infrastructural resources and interview of university librarians. From the 124 copies of questionnaire distributed 109 (76.76%) copies were returned. Data collected were analyzed by use of mean, standard deviation Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (PPMC). The method of testing the hypothesis was by means of Multiple Regression Analysis in which the Statistical Package for the Social Science (SSPS) was employed at 005 level of significance. The study found that infrastructural resources were provided to a large extent and planning was found to have a significant influence on the provision of infrastructural resources in the university libraries. The study consequently recommended that in order for Nigerian University Libraries to ensure even provision of adequate infrastructural early and effective planning should be implemented.

This study investigated on the influence of food provision on pupils‘ participation in learning across 130 Primary Schools in Babati Rural District. A total of 120 pupils and 101 teachers were randomly selected to participate in the study through the questionnaire. Data was analyzed through descriptive statistics, t-test and Pearson Product Moment Correlational Coefficient. Reliability of questionnaire items ranged between .887 and 0.962 Cronbach‘s Alpha meaning the instrument was reliable for data collection. The study established that provision of food is limited to some schools where the distribution of food is fairly done; the amount of food is sufficient and is prepared in clean environment. However, the food provided does not cater for balance diet and there is no variety of food given. Pupils in schools that offer food services have significantly higher mean score in learning participation than pupils in schools where food service is not offered. Thus, the rate of learning participation is significantly influenced by food provision. The more effective food provision, the more pupils‘ participation in learning takes place. The study recommends that effective provision of food should be extended to all schools across the District. School administration should ensure provision of balanced diet so that learners can enjoy the food and have better health. Government authority and other interested groups should also strive to sustain effective food provision in order to raise the level of pupils‘ participation in learning.

The present study attempted to investigate on the paradox of Religious Education in Mara Region through qualitative approach. Twelve schools composed the population and purposive sampling came up with 17 students and 4 teachers from three schools to release information through Focus Group Discussion and Interview Schedule. Expert judgment established validity of research instruments. To maintain ethical considerations, anonymity, confidentiality and privacy of respondents were maximized during data collection. The study established that Divinity Subject has peculiar features which are not found in other academic subjects. Failure to integrate Religious Education is influenced by scarcity of teachers, lack of textbooks and non-availability of syllabus to guide the teaching and learning of the subject. Excluding Divinity in selection for tertiary education leads students and teachers to disregard the subject regardless of its benefits. Researchers recommend that Secondary Schools in Mara Region should integrate Religious Education by making it compulsory. Availability of teachers for CRE and good supply of textbooks and syllabus must be ensured in order to enhance proper learning. Divinity should be considered in selection for tertiary education in order to encourage teachers and students to teach and learn the subject. Finally, the government should make efforts to prepare experts to teach Christian Religious Education.

The present study was conducted to find out the occupational stressors towards organizational change with reference to government boys +2 school teachers working in Delhi and New Delhi. It is because of the fact that change is inevitable in the present day world of work; hence, it is often observed that each and every organization is undergoing the process of change. Change in any organization causes stress. Thus, there may be various sources of job/occupational stress that may affect the human working life. Therefore, the present study is of utmost value in the area concerned. The sample area chosen for the present investigation was still an unexplored area. Although, Delhi as a capital of India is making rapid head way especially in academics based on high-info-tech. Total sample consisted of one hundred fifty teachers (N=150), selected randomly from different Government Boys +Schools located in different places of Delhi and New Delhi. Data collected through questionnaires schedules. Having tabulated the data obtained, data were analyzed using standard multiple regression analysis to determine the determinants of organizational change. Results clearly revealed the picture that out of 12 dimensions of occupational stress only two dimensions, viz., „responsibility for persons‟ and „unprofitability‟ have been found predicting organizational change and moreover, two demographic variables, viz., „age‟ and „experience in the present position‟ have also been found as the important determinants of organizational change, although, all the group of teachers working in Government Boys +2 Schools have shown positive inclination towards change. Finally obtained results have been discussed in detail by giving probable reasons in the exigency of situations prevailing in Government Boys +2 Schools from where the present sample has been drawn.

English movies can be effective supplementary teaching materials to make up for the lack of communicative use in daily life for English learners. However, the application of the movies is not so sufficient and it is not suitable to use a whole movie in class for college students because of their limited English level. The paper analyze the current situation of English class based on movies, and put forward some points for attention. These include the movie chosen should do some help to set up correct outlook on life and the world of the students; teachers are required to apply suitable movie clips instead of the entire movie to English class and use task-driven approach and cooperative learning. At last, the paper introduces teaching methods for listening and speaking class based on movies in higher-vocational college in detail by an example.

This essay wants to rescue the concept of phaneroscopy, created by Charles Sanders Peirce, to adapt it in a phenomenological condition of multiple realities. Therefore, in addition to review the reflection of Peirce, we visited the approach of phenomenology of multiple realities proposed by Alfred Schutz in his reading of William James. The idea is to seek a phenomenology that goes beyond the human consciousness to other research subjects.

Bidi rolling is a popular home based work at Purulia. It provides employment for more than two lakhs bidi workers, particularly in the Purulia west region. Purulia comes under extended part of Chhotonagpur Platue, where agriculture is not prosperous. Industry is not developed either. Large number of population is dependent on nonagricultural activities for their survival. Household industries are important employment providers. A descriptive cross-sectional study has been used to assess the impact of access to sanitation facilities and to safe usable water on the health expenditure of bidi workers. A total of 124 household containing 663 people were selected from five villages with highest concentration of Bidi workers of Jhalda II Block. We have used a predesigned, pretested questionnaire for collection of data to be analysed by appropriate statistical method. Most of the bidi workers were living in poor environmental and housing conditions. Around 80% of these workers are suffering from water crisis for domestic use and/or drinking purposes. It was observed that almost 70% of the workers developed occupational health problems as reported by the male and female bidi workers. Our empirical study shows that occupational health hazards are lessened by the access to sanitation facilities and to safe usable water among bidi workers.

In this article we will definite development and its purposes and also introduce main elements of national development. Not with standing, desire of personal and social of grow and develop is one of the common trait in each society, but ideal and extremity in each of them are completely different .However nowadays the meaning of growing and developing is economic in special scales for welfare in country. As a result welfare wont come off, unless with designing and performing in all aspects development with realization of social justice in society and however performing of social justice will bring economic welfare with it self. Although movement of national development has humanity, economical, culture, social and political. Aspects, but, human is main care and pivot in different prospects, and until human doesn’t get a minimum of development disillusion, exploit of other aspects of development isn’t possible. Development of human being is like a bridge for escape of a bulic to animus, disorder to order, division to unity, and insecurity to security; Under employment to improve working, move to community .For resistant expansion we introduce five pillars as columns of nationality development in this article and also them roles in national development in this process. Educational system, Researching system, management system, value system. National security system. Also the process of development needs some devices as connections, transportation, and energy.

The social sciences are certified by many experts as one of the educational institutions that affect the formation of social capital. The aim of this research is developing a teaching model in the field of medical sciences for undergraduate students to strengthen their social capital. To answer the question of what type of teaching method can be offered for undergraduate students in the field of medical science to strengthen their social capital? This qualitative research employed Grounded theory methodology. It was conducted in 2015 in Tehran and the data collection tool was interview. The medical sciences undergraduate students (n = 20) participated in the study. Sampling was purposeful and encoding method was used to analyze the data. After identifying the main categories of research (teaching method) the obstacles, strategies and outcomes were drawn in the final research model. Thus, it is worth that the teaching methods in undergraduate level of medical sciences are reviewed and implemented according to the proposed model.

After the world war II in 1920s there has been created the void situation in the society. The desolate condition has found by the modern people. They were having the predicament life with stranded fate and the consequence has came negatively upon their life which was called the moral degradation. Most of the critics felt to write about their disrupt feelings towards the immoral sides of the fashioned people with empty hearts. T. S Eliot was a scintillating figure who did attempt to write and depicted the picture of modernism and dilemma of actual morality. To show the disposition about his ideologies regarding moral dilemma and voidness in modern people’s life, Eliot has been written his magnificent piece of poem named The Waste Land (1922). After the publication of this remarkable poem, the modern society of that time has been shaken like anything. Because this poem did deconstruct the structure of modernism and the concoctation of other elements. After the postwar the emptiness in modern people has been presented as like the disease of the age. However Eliot did divide this poem into five incredibly meaningful parts where he did use some mythical elements. The effort of this paper is to show how the poem The West Land symbolically suggested the death of spiritual quest of men. Therefore asked some dispute kind of questions on modernism. Through this paper i will attempt to expose the picture of modern people’s void life which has given by the name of west land. Eliot actually tried to tie the uncomfortable zone with the human’s universal problems and also he intended to discern a possible way of coming out from that eternal malaise in human life.

This study aims to provide an analysis of al-Qabisy‟s ideas based on his book, “Ar-Risala Mufassaah Liahwali Al-Mutaalimin Wa-Ahkam Al-Muaalimin Wal-Mutaalimin” (Detailed letter to the conditions of students and rules for teachers and students). This study is carried out to examine Al-Qabisy‟s main ideas in teaching the Quran, and the implications of his ideas in improving the Qur‟anic teaching among children. A content analysis method has been used to obtain all research objectives. There are eight key components of Quranic teaching that have been discovered from this study. They are student, teacher, intention, teacher's responsibility, syllabus, schedule, stages of learning, and assessment. These components are very useful in improving the Qur‟anic teaching among children. The concepts presented in this article is hoped to be beneficial in improving the teaching of Qur‟an among children.

This article presents an original concept of establishment of international regional law as a branch of international law at the present stage of social development. The legal system is constantly being updated with new branches and sub-branches of law, institutions, and norms, which makes it more efficient overall. The study of integrational processes in the conditions of development of geopolitical competitiveness, active formation of new regional economic, social, and military-political spaces, demands mobilization of not only political, social, and economic resources, but also legal. A complex analysis of integrational processes within the framework of current regional formations allowed the author to determine a number of signs such as fusion and interconnection of national interests, which ensures balance of national interests of the member-states of regional formation on one hand, and the interests of the regional formation itself on the other. The author substantiates the conclusion that creation and functionality of such regional formations is impossible without presence of international regional law, the element of which can possess certain level of autonomy with regards to both, national law of the member-states, as well as the international law.

This paper discusses whether home language has any effect on the teachers‟ views on code-switching use in the classroom. The paper is based on a quantitative study conducted at four senior secondary schools in the north-eastern Botswana whose teachers and learners had diverse home languages. Their views were solicited about the use of CS in the classroom and its effect on teaching and learning; and the results were analysed quantitatively. The results from the study showed that the teachers, irrespective of home language, code-switched in the classroom yet the country‟s Language in Education Policy (LiEP) states that English is the sole official Language of Instruction (LoI) from the second year of primary school and throughout the entire education system. However, teachers whose home language is Setswana codeswitch more than others. The paper calls for the appreciation of the existence of code-switching in the classrooms of the said senior secondary schools, and that ways of utilizing it should be explored bearing in mind that language diversity exists in the school environment.

This article aimed to examine the relational implications of Computer-Assisted Language Learning (CALL) for the didactic triangle. This examination revealed that the introduction of computer has some impacts on the relations (Pedagogical, Curricular, and Didactic) existing in the didactic triangle which need to be addressed with special care: The indispensable nature of the teacher‟s roles is undermined, for the learner does not necessarily expect his intervention in order to progress in the learning process ; CALL imposes new constraints on the teacher who has to make additional effort in terms of professional skills and research in order to transform and adapt the content offered by technological tool to classroom realities; classroom realities (environmental, linguistic, experiential, representational, intellectual, etc.) might inhibit the learner‟s creative and language potentialities. To improve the implementation of CALL, I suggested a more structured didactic framework which would allow the language teacher to take advantage of this major asset in order to enhance the chances to achieve more dynamic participation of the learner in his own training.

Politic are determined through election, which described as a post and selection made through a vote of a group or ‘constituent body’. Appropriate manifesto will ensure winning seat in general election. This study conduct to determine respondent’s the appropriate manifesto that being applied in the general election. Questionnaire method based quantitative approach are used in targeting 100 respondents in Malacca State, which the questionnaire are divided into two categories namely (1) respondent’s demographic profile, and (2) respondent’s perception towards manifesto designed in general election. Results indicate majority are male with ages from 31 to 40 that working in private sector. Most of respondent studied until secondary level and having monthly income of RM 1501 to RM 2000. On the other hands, education with affecting respondents are more likely towards candidates promises, personality, and issues; education with manifesto influence are positively towards ‘yes’ than ‘no’; education with influencing respondents are more prefer issues and personality; education with attracting issues are more concern for inside the country; and income with getting manifesto information are likely towards candidate, general area, and distribute circular. Conclusion, majority respondents are concerned on surrounding safety, healthy, financially, as well as educationally not only for present day but for the sake of children’s future. Therefore, every voter will have the right to determine the government that they prefer to bring for the bright future.

The objective of the study was to find out whether companies have policies governing the attachment programme. The study was to determine the readiness of companies to accept students on the attachment programme and examined the benefits the students gain from the industrial attachment programme. Descriptive design was used for the study. Students and employees in companies were involved in the study. Questionnaires were used to collect relevant data from companies and students of Takoradi Polytechnic. Data obtained were analyzed using descriptive statistics such as frequencies percentages. The study revealed that majority of the students get placement through personal efforts, intervention of relatives, friends and schoolmates. The government should therefore have a special incentive package (e.g. Tax rebate) to companies which will accept students on industrial attachment. The study further revealed that two months attachment period for the students is woefully inadequate to acquire skills. It therefore recommend that the duration for the industrial attachment should be extended to three months instead of two mouths of the polytechnics so that the students will acquire all the necessary skills before they get back to school.