The formation of an open, democratic, progressive and modern school is the pursuit of the entire educational community. In this paper, the opinions of prospective teachers are being explored on how they envision the school in which they wish to work. From their answers, it can be concluded that their main concern is the formation of a space with perfect infrastructure, equipment, and staffing. In addition, a school that will plan and implement innovative actions and programs will aim on the one hand at the all-around development of each student's personality and on the other hand at creating good working conditions for all teachers. In such an environment, which will be characterized by good interpersonal relations, respect and mutual understanding, the moral values and ideals that should accompany the citizens of a society could be cultivated.

The signing of the Nigerian Petroleum Industry Act in 2021 by the Buhari administration signified a paradigm shift from voluntary to statutory mandated community investment strategy of oil and gas companies in Nigeria. In order words, the discretionary Community investment strategies (Memorandum of Understanding) hitherto employed by oil and gas production and exploration companies to ameliorate the squabbles between them and their respective host community, and thereby gain unhindered access to operate no longer obtains. The deployment framework, processes and procedures to guide its (PIA) implementation is stated in the ACT. Also, further clarifications on gray areas in the ACT were expounded in the Nigeria Upstream Petroleum Regulatory Commission (NUPRC) guidelines. However, despite the robustness of the ACT and the NUPRC guidelines, settlors and host communities alike have raised pertinent questions regarding its implementation. The paper is aimed at objectively identifying the existing gaps in the Petroleum Industry Act and the NUPRC guideline as it relates to the host community component with a view to suggests/recommends possible solutions.

With the continuous development of globalization, English has become one of the important languages of China and international communication, playing an important role in our life. English has always been the traditional main subject of education at all levels in China, whether primary school, middle school, high school and university, all occupy a pivotal position. And in middle school education, English performance can affect the situation of admission, and English is also a subject with a huge gap. Middle school is a key period to learn English. How should we learn English well? As we all know, the important condition for learning English well is vocabulary. Only by mastering vocabulary can we learn English well. Vocabulary is the basis of learning English well. However, from the current situation of junior high school students learning vocabulary, it is not optimistic, and students face many difficulties to master vocabulary. The main difficulties we have include: firstly, students, only have single memory method and insufficient memory s in vocabulary memory skills, which make them difficult to master the vocabulary. secondly, the traditional classroom teaching approach is single, boring and inefficient; thirdly, many teachers ignore thinking and interest cultivation, and students can only memorize words and phrases, difficult to use flexibly in life, so that students often lack interest in vocabulary, and will be afraid when they face with vocabulary. we can’t learn English well in such a situation. Now, it is a common challenge for teachers and students to change the situation at present. In order that students can better master vocabulary, for this reason, teachers can find more appropriate teaching methods to change the dilemma they face. With the further research on the theories of vocabulary teaching, we understand some relevant teaching approaches and theories gradually, such as situational language teaching (SLT). Due to introduction of SLT, it has played a great influence in China’s basic education and made great progress in China’s education. Although the current situational teaching method is often used in English teaching, it has not always been applied to vocabulary teaching. It is unclear whether SLT is suitable for vocabulary teaching and can improve the efficiency of vocabulary teaching and change the current situation. Therefore, this article studies whether SLT is applicable to English vocabulary teaching in middle schools and verifies whether it is effective. However, SLT through the data analysis of post-trial test and questionnaire is suitable and feasible. By creating a real situation, let the students experience the true feelings, and then master the vocabulary, improve the interest in learning, improve the classroom efficiency. By creating a real situation, let the students experience the true feelings, and then master the vocabulary, improve the interest in learning, improve the classroom efficiency.

Cloud computing is a widely recognized innovative technology that has influenced various organizations including SMEs. It has emerged as one of the most debated themes among industrialists and technocrats worldwide to keep them abreast in the competitive environment. This research employs a comprehensive literature review to analyze research theories and frameworks, data collection methods, cloud-based services, and especially key adoption determinants of cloud computing services by SMEs. By analyzing the TOE framework this study has found a strong bond among the three elements that are technological, organizational, and environmental of this framework. The key determinants that played a major role in the adoption of cloud computing services by SMEs were: relative advantage, top management support, technical readiness, and competitive pressure.

The West African country called Niger is blessed with seven neighbouring countries which surrounded all its frontiers in spite of the fact that it is a landlocked country with no direct access to the sea. The rich natural resources like uranium attracted several Multinational Corporations (MNCs) to set up for the Exploration, Expropriation and Exploitation (3Es). Yet, the country remains one of the poorest and under developed for 63 years after independence but was crowned in the position of Heavily Indebted Poor Country Initiatives (HIPC). Unfortunately for France as the main consumer of Niger’s resources through the use of pro-French leaders of the country, the 21st Century was not going to be the same as it recently happened in the previous four decades of the 20th Century. To that effect, a New Generation of West African Leaders (NGWAL) from Mali, Burkina-Faso and Mali individual decided to take the bull by the horns with main objective to overthrow Purported Pro- French Civilian Leaders (PPFCL) in order to end all the mechanisms and networks of neo-colonialism as impediments to National Development and Unity (NDU) which in turns fuelled periods of social unrest and political instabilities since the 1960s. Therefore, Niger was not left out in this neo-colonial dance of the third decade of the 21st Century as it happened in 2023 with strong sentimental feelings in favour of the suffering Nigeriens. The scrutinized of specialized sources of information enable us to use a historical approach with our findings that Niger is on good footing towards new structural developmental agenda without any single dictatorial prescriptions from the neo-colonial men of Western Europe.