The main purpose of this research is to find out the relationship between capital structure (debt-equity) as and Profitability of the listed cement companies in Pakistan Stock Exchange. Further specific objective is to find out relation of debt equity with gross profit, earning per share, and return on capital and return on equity. The sample is taken from 10 cement companies which are listed on Pakistan stock exchange. The secondary data is taken from 2011 to 2018 (i.e. 8 years). Mean and standard deviation of all ratios and Pearson product correlation analysis is performed with the help of Eviews 9 to find the relationship between capital structure and profitability. This research determines that debt / equity (Capital Structure) is adversely linked with the profitability, it suggests that decrease in the profitability of the organizations is due to increase in debt capital & vice versa.

The transformation of the Ministry of Defense's budget policy, the Indonesian National Armed Forces Headquarters and three other departments (Army Headquarters, Navy Headquarters and Air Force Headquarters) from the money follow function to money follow approach requires the implementation and development of holistic financial planning, budgeting and management information systems. thematic and integrative. The pattern of relationships between variables concerning human resources in organizations, such as user participation, user satisfaction, user perceptions of task complexity, perceptions of system complexity and perceptions of system performance determine the effectiveness and efficiency of information systems. This study aims to find out what the overall level of compatibility of the model explains the direct and indirect relationship between participation, task complexity, system complexity, satisfaction with performance. Using a single cross-sectional survey design, data collection through face-to-face interviews with 209 information system users with a questionnaire as the main data collection tool and data analysis applying the structural equation model (Structural Equation Model) with the help of LISREL 8.5 software, this study concluded that there were compatibility of the whole model, measurement model and structural model hypothesized by research with data obtained from research (survey).

The study examined the impact of the external sector aggregates on economic growth in Nigeria for the period 1980- 2016. The external sector aggregates used were external debt, exchange rate and export. A combination of correlation analysis and Error correction mechanism was employed in this study. Pre-estimation tests showed no evidence of multicollinearity and all the variables were integrated of order one, I (1). Johansens cointegration test showed four cointegrating equations indicating the existence a long-run relationship which provides a reason for error correction modeling. The error correction results showed that EXR had a negative and significant impact on economic growth while external debt (EXD) and export (EPP) had positive and significant impact on GDP, respectively. The ECM term had the hypothesized negative sign and was statistically significant at 5% level. Economic growth adjusts to long-run at the speed of 29.98% per annum. There was no serial correlation problem. Results are therefore appropriatre for policy analysis. The study concluded that external sector aggregates have significant impact on economic growth in Nigeria but the impact could be positive or negative depending on the variable of interest. Among other things the study recommended that there should be promotion of the country’s export trade and stimulation of domestic production.

The purpose of this study was to find out and test whether wages affect regional investment, whether inflation affects regional investment, whether exchange rates affect regional investment, and which between wages, inflation, and exchange rates are very dominant influence on regional investment. This study uses a quantitative approach, while the object of research is all labor in Malang. And researchers took data from the Central Bureau of Statistics in the city of Malang which numbered 1,273,579 workers. The results of data analysis using multiple linear regressions with the help of SPSS version 20.0 and the discussion that has been done, all variables affect regional investment.