This paper investigates the macroeconomic determinants of household consumption in 37 Sub-Saharan African economies with annual time series from 2000 to 2023. The determinants include income, wealth, exchange rate, and population. Using a battery of econometric techniques, the result suggested the existence of a long-run relationship between the household consumption and its determinants. However, only income exerted positive and significant influence on household consumption in SSA countries. Therefore, the paper recommended that policymakers in the SSA countries should focus more on the improvement of households’ income base in the region. Also, since income is an important determinant of household consumption in the region, expansionary fiscal policies (such as public investment in infrastructure, tax incentives for businesses, and support for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs)) should be aimed at, so as to increase employment opportunities, income and wealth creation.

The Indian pharmaceutical industry has demonstrated incredible tenacity and dedication in the face of the pandemic's devastation. Indian medications are popular all throughout the world, but particularly in the US because of their excellent quality and reasonable rates. India had a substantial growth in pharmaceutical exports relative to its overall exports during the pandemic period. This article aims to examine India's pharmaceutical product exports during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. To fulfil the study ,it used the literature from sources such as, Aaheli Ahmed et al.'s 2020 study, "The recent Coronavirus (COVID-19)Pandemic: A Review of issues for Indian Pharmaceuticals Exports," which highlighted potential trade opportunities for India's pharmaceutical sector in light of recent export policy interventions, RBI Bulletin July 15, 2021 (Drivers of Indian Pharmaceutical Exports), the Department of Pharmaceuticals' Annual Report, Government of India, 2021-22, the ITC Trade Map Data, etc., were among the other publications reviewed for this study. To achieve the objectives, the study utilized some indices. The BRCA index has been evaluated to analyze the export pattern of India with world at the disaggregate level (HS-6 digits) for Pharma sector. The RCA of a particular commodity is measured by the share of that commodity in the country's total exports relative to the country's share in the total world exports. The paper`s findings highlight that India’s RCA index is above 1 for API’s, Bulk Drugs and Formulations for the past many years. Whereas the value of this index is below 1 for other pharmaceuticals category over the period.

The present study examines the relationship between GDP growth and the IT-BPM sector in digital transformation, highlighting its importance for the economic development of India. The current research is an analytical study, and it also presents the three phases: the growth phase, the acceleration phase and the stabilization phase. Secondary data, like annual reports from IBEF and Statista websites, have been used to identify a three-phase growth trajectory in the IT-BPM sector. The results of the current study demonstrate that improvements in digital technologies, notably AI and Fintech, are driving the growth in the domestic market.