This study investigates the economic contributions of Dalit entrepreneurship to the development of Rajasthan, aiming to challenge stereotypes surrounding Dalit capabilities and to highlight their role in job creation and economic sustainability. Utilising a descriptive research methodology, data was collected through surveys, interviews, and government statistics, focusing on 740 Dalit enterprises. By employing Solow’s Growth Model and regression analysis, the findings reveal that Dalit entrepreneurs contribute approximately 0.97% to the State’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP), with an average annual contribution of ₹571,500 per entrepreneur. Despite significant challenges, including inadequate access to capital and infrastructure, the study emphasises that Dalit businesses play a crucial role in local economies by providing essential goods and services. This research underscores the importance of recognising Dalit entrepreneurship as a vehicle for social equity, economic resilience, and community upliftment. The originality of this study lies in its comprehensive analysis of Dalit entrepreneurship within the context of economic liberalisation, offering insights that can inform policy-making and support systems aimed at empowering marginalised communities.

This study investigates how Saudi Arabia's economic diversification objectives under Vision 2030 might be complemented by a specialized seating and positioning solutions industry development. Saudi Arabia now mostly depends on imports for mobility aids, which drives expensive prices and restricted access. Decreasing healthcare costs, local manufacturing, enabling research and development (R&D) and allowing for exports contributes to a robust and globally aligned industry in Saudi. Moreover, the social and economic implications of better mobility solutions also lead to improved productivity in the workplace and a better quality of life. This research highlights the opportunity for a new industry that depends less on oil revenues, generates jobs, and improves health outcomes.

The purpose of this article is to test the existence of the systematic illiquidity component on the Regional Securities Exchange (Bourse Régionale des Valeurs Mobilières). To achieve this goal, we used a time-series analysis of shares listed on the BRVM (2000-2020). The Method of Ordinary Least Square and Generalized Least Square are used to verify the existence of this component. The findings support the conclusion that there exists a systematic component of illiquidity, specifically indicating that market illiquidity concurrently affects the illiquidity of equities.

Purpose: The paper has as objective to examine the effect of e-banking services (ATM, internet, mobile phone and POS banking) on customer satisfaction with reference to commercial banks in Douala, Cameroon. Methodology: After exploring related theoretical and empirical literature, the study adopted a descriptive survey research design with a quantitative research approach. The structured Likert scale-based questionnaires were distributed and collected from 150 e-banking service users. Multivariate regression modelling techniques was employed. The study was a descriptive survey research design with a quantitative research approach. The structured Likert scale-based questionnaires were distributed and collected from 150 e-banking service users. Multivariate regression modelling techniques was employed. Findings: The results of the study revealed that the model is globally significant with over 83 percent of customers satisfactions been accounted by ebanking services. Among the four constructs of ebanking, ATM service have the highest response effect followed by mobile banking and lastly internet banking which has a positive effect on customer satisfaction respectively. The effect of point of sales was positive as hypothesised but not insignificants a result, the researcher concludes that e-banking services has a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction. Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: Based on the findings, it is recommended that commercial banks should increase the number of ATM dispensers at their bank branches, effectively implement mobile devices, internet and point of sales banking to enhance greater reliability, assurance, tangibles, empathy and responsiveness of ebanking services so as to maximize customer satisfaction.

This paper compares corporate governance frameworks in Saudi Arabia, Germany, the United Kingdom, and the United States, highlighting key similarities and differences. Saudi Arabia’s governance framework is shaped by Shariah principles and emphasizes shareholder protection, while Germany employs a dual-board system that prioritizes stakeholder engagement. The UK follows a principles-based approach, promoting flexibility, whereas the US adopts a rules-based system with strict regulatory oversight and shareholder accountability. The study examines key governance aspects, including board structures, shareholder rights, transparency, and regulatory compliance. Findings indicate that Saudi Arabia has made significant progress in aligning with international governance standards but still faces challenges in areas such as board independence, transparency, and investor protection. Compared to Germany’s stakeholder-oriented approach and the shareholder-centric models of the UK and US, Saudi governance remains more conservative, with room for improvement in corporate disclosure and regulatory enforcement. The paper concludes by identifying areas for reform in Saudi Arabia’s corporate governance, such as enhancing board independence, improving reporting standards, and increasing regulatory oversight. Aligning governance practices with global standards could strengthen investor confidence and corporate sustainability in the region.

In the contemporary marketing landscape, visually engaging content has become indispensable. With the proliferation of communication devices and advancements in visual technology, companies are increasingly prioritizing visual materials. Simultaneously, artificial intelligence (AI) is emerging as a transformative force. Fusing visual content with AI is crucial for attracting and retaining customers; neglecting this integration in marketing strategies can lead to reduced market share.

This research reveals the effect of corporate social responsibility (CSR) reporting on sustainability performance (SP). Moreover, the study investigates the moderating role of board financial expertise (BFEX) between CSR reporting and the SP on the Saudi Arabian Exchange. The study used a database of 469 observations from non-financial companies on the Saudi market from 2017 to 2023, using fixed effect models to estimate the study results. The study findings indicate that CSR reporting enhances SP in the long term. The companies that have CSR reporting are associated with higher SP. Furthermore, the results reveal that BFEX moderates the nexus between CSR reporting and SP. The study's originality lies in its exploration of the moderating role of BFEX on the association between CSR reporting and SP by using a sample from Saudi companies. This research offers practical insights for companies, policymakers, and stakeholders to enhance SP. The study provides actionable insights for companies to align CSR reporting with sustainability practices, enhancing their SP.

The study examines the relationship between circular economy practices and supply chain sustainability from the perspective of a country with high potential, like Tanzania. This article reviews the existing literature on circular economy (CE) in a systematic manner and provides a conceptual generalization underlining the distinct principles of reduce, reuse, recycle, attempting to align human activity with global resource scarcity and environmental degradation. Yet, in Tanzanian supply chains per se, scant research has examined the role of CE practices on this common goal. By employing quantitative as well as qualitative analyses in this mixed-methods study, the research explores stakeholders’ awareness and attitudes towards implementation of these circular economy initiatives. Surveys from different sectors obtained quantitative data which showed that 80% of respondents knew about circular economy practices and 65% of them indicated that their organization adopted them. Regression analysis revealed that awareness, perceived benefits, regulatory support, and organizational backing were significant determinants of successful implementation. Alongside these findings, a qualitative thematic analysis examined stakeholder perspectives, outlining themes deemed to be important, such as those relating to education, government regulation, cultural attitudes, community engagement, and enablers and barriers to circular economics. These insights show that although there is growing awareness and potential benefits associated with circularity, cultural threats and financial barriers continue to impede progress.