In this paper the author tried to find out the long run association between unemployment rate, GDP growth rate and income inequality in the post independent period in India from 1951 to 2023 by applying cointegration and vector error correction model. The paper found out that there is one cointegrating equation among the three variables where VECM implies that the change of unemployment rate and GDP growth rate is inversely related while the change of unemployment and the change of income inequality is positively related in the long run. The former is significant and the latter is insignificant in case of cointegrating equation which is convergent towards equilibrium with a speed of adjustment of 2.4% per year. There is short run causality between unemployment rate, GDP growth rate and income inequality. The VECM is stable and non-stationary having autocorrelation and multivariate normality problems.

This study examines the implications of exchange rate gaps on key macroeconomic indicators in Nigeria, focusing on foreign exchange reserves, GDP growth rates, and the current account balance. Using empirical analysis over a time series framework from 1980 to 2022, the study implements linear and non-linear ARDL methodologies. Findings indicate that exchange rate gaps significantly negatively impact Nigeria's foreign exchange reserves, GDP growth, and current account balance. Policy recommendations include infrastructure investment, sectoral diversification, and sound monetary policies to mitigate inflationary pressures exacerbated by exchange rate volatility.

Objective study This is for analyze influence communication and cooperation team to performance employee with motivation Work as intervening variable, Sample study This is Apparatus State Civil Servants (ASN) in Organizations Regional Apparatus (OPD) in the environment Government Regency Pekalongan. Totaling 100 respondents, with tool analysis Partial Least Square Structural Equation Model (PLS-SEM) Smart PLS 3.0. Findings from study this show that communication influential positive and significant to performance employees, while cooperation the team also has an influence positive and significant to performance employee. Besides that, motivation Work show influence positive and significant to performance employee. More continue, communication influential positive and significant to motivation work and cooperation the team also has an influence positive and significant to motivation work. Can observed that motivation Work play a role as a mediator variable communication and cooperation team in influence performance employee.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of competency development and compensation through motivation on the performance of health workers at the Karanganyar and Kajen District Health Centers. The sample of this study was midwives and nurses at each health center in Karanganyar and Kajen Districts totaling 84 respondents. With SEM PLS analysis tools. The findings of this study are that there is a positive and significant influence between competency and performance; there is a positive and significant influence between compensation and performance and there is a significant positive influence between motivation and performance.

The aim of this research is to analyze efforts to improve employee performance by using IT, work discipline with organizational commitment as an intervening case study at the Central Java Province BKKBN office. The sample for this research is the Pekalongan Residency Family Planning Counselor with a total of 90 respondents, using the SEM PLS analysis tool. The findings of this research are that there is a positive and significant influence between the use of IT on employee performance; There is a positive and significant influence between work discipline on employee performance and there is a significant positive influence between organizational commitment on employee performance.

This study aims to analyse the effect of intrinsic motivation and work discipline on employee performance with organisational commitment as an intervening variable at Puskesmas Siwalan, Pekalongan Regency. The research sample consisted of 58 employees, and the data were analysed using the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) method with the Smart PLS tool. The results showed that intrinsic motivation and work discipline had a positive and significant effect on employee performance. Organisational commitment also proved to be a variable that mediates the relationship significantly. The findings underscore the importance of strengthening intrinsic motivation and work discipline as key factors for improving performance in the healthcare work environment. This study provides practical implications for health centre management to develop performance improvement strategies through strengthening employee motivation and commitment.

Technologies such as Artificial Intelligence and Automation are shifting the human workforce to new roles, creating the need for new skills. This research aimed to understand the expectations of companies in Chihuahua, Mexico, regarding the skills required for the future of work and compare them with the results presented by the World Economic Forum in its 2018 Future of Jobs Report. A survey was conducted among 359 companies on this topic. The main findings reveal a 60% match between the top 10 skill groups prioritized globally and locally. However, skills such as "Technology Design and Programming," "Emotional Intelligence," "Reasoning, Problem-Solving, and Ideation," and "System Analysis and Evaluation" are considered crucial globally but not locally.

Wheat is a critical staple crop in Pakistan, contributing significantly to food security and the national economy. However, the adoption of modern sustainable wheat production practices (SWPP) remains low, leading to suboptimal yields and persistent food insecurity. Therefore, this study is conducted to investigate the socio-economic factors influencing the adoption of sustainable wheat production practices among smallholder farmers in Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Using a multistage sampling technique, data were collected from 268 farm households in the Charsadda district. Descriptive statistics and econometric models were employed to analyze the data, with an adoption index constructed to measure the extent of SWPP. The results reveal that education, farm size, farming experience, income, and access to extension services are significant determinants of SWPP adoption. Older farmers and those with larger families also showed a propensity to adopt SWPP, though to a lesser extent. The regression model explained 65.1% of the variation in adoption, highlighting the importance of these factors in enhancing wheat productivity. Barriers to adoption include limited access to credit, inadequate extension services, and low education levels. The study concludes that targeted interventions are needed to promote the adoption of SWPP. Recommendations include enhancing farmer education and training, strengthening extension services, improving access to credit, and implementing policies that support SWPP.

This research investigates the empirical linkage between trade openness and poverty in India through a comprehensive three-stage model approach. In first stage descriptive statistics, correlation matrix analysis and unit root tests are used to analyse the characteristics, nature and stationarity of the selected variables. Further, in the study Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) co-integration model to explore both long-run and short-run relationships between trade openness and poverty. Some post estimation test including the Breusch-Godfrey LM test, White heteroskedasticity test, and the Ramsey RESET test in the last stage. The empirical findings of the study show that there is positive correlation between trade openness and poverty (HDI). In the long run, trade openness, foreign direct investment (FDI), and exchange rate have significant impacts on poverty reduction, while inflation rate and GDP per capita exhibit mixed effects. Impact of FDI and Trade Openness (TO) is positive on poverty reduction, while exchange rate, inflation rate, and GDP per capita show varying impact on poverty. The study suggests that policymakers should consider fostering trade openness and addressing other economic factors to effectively reduce poverty in the country.