Pakistan, especially NWFP, possesses huge marble reservoirs. The promotion and development of marble industry could bring prosperity and development for the country. Swat, Buner, Chitral, Kohistan, Mardan, Hazara, Nowshera and Kohat divisions are high potential areas for quality marble in the province. Mohmand, Khyber, Bajaur, Orakzai and Kurram Agencies from Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) have huge marble reservoirs. Pakistan offers big investment opportunities in mining, value addition and manpower development in the sector. Recent reports suggest that Saudi Arabia is interested in Pakistani marble to build its new cities with an expenditure of around $260 billion. Italy and other countries, it is learnt, want barter trade of their marble machinery & technology in exchange for the Pakistani marble. All this shows great investment potential in Pakistan’s marble and granite sector. As an estimate of Pakistan Stone Development Company (PASDEC), 297 billion tons of Marble and Granite reserves are available in the country. More than 1,225 quarries and 2,000 processing units are operational. A group of committed business men agreed to form a Strategy Working Group (SWOG) to address how the industry can reposition itself through a better strategy. Marble is gaining popularity due to its increasing usage in construction industry. Nowadays in the modern architectural designs of houses and plazas include the final touch of marble in exterior as well as interior portions due to its attractive look. The research purpose of the study is to investigate the mechanical properties of concrete with different replacement levels of ordinary Portland Cement with Waste marble powder and natural coarse aggregates with recycled coarse aggregates. The standard cubes (150mmX150mmX150mm) were casted. Laboratory experimentation was carried out to analyze the performance of M25 grade mix cases were casted and tested. The compressive strength effect of concrete of various amount of replacement of cement viz., 5%, 10%, 15% with Waste marble powder and various amount of replacement of natural coarse aggregates with 15%, 30% and 45% with Recycled coarse aggregates. The resultant concrete was tested for parameters like compressive strength, slump and workability and compared with conventional concrete.

The worldwide production of coal ashes is estimated to more than 800 million tonnes in 2012. Coal use is forecast to rise over 50% to 2030, with developing countries responsible for 97% of this increase worldwide. The estimated worldwide production of coal ashes is around 13.33 billion tonnes in 2030. The reuse rate for fly ash is around 47% whereas the reuse of bottom ash is only around 5.28%. It has contributed to environmental problems such as contaminating ground and surface water due to the limitation of dumping space, where it is still treated as waste and put in impoundment ponds, silos or landfills. By using Coal waste to replace cement production, the environmental benefits will occur and lead to a decrease in CO2 emissions by 0.9 tonnes for each ton of fly Ash used. According to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), living next to a coal ash disposal site can increase the human health risk of cancer or other diseases. It can also affect drinking water from a well where humans may get cancer from drinking water contaminated with arsenic. In Malaysia, there is seven coal-fired electric power station for the time being. In Peninsular Malaysia, there is four coalfired electric power station that produced at least 1400 MW of electric power. Coal waste is produced which includes coal ash in the fraction of about 75-85 % Fly Ash (FA) and 15-25 % Bottom Ash (BA). The study was conducted using the waste products from Tanjung Bin power plant which located in Mukim Serkat, Daerah Pontian, Johor, Malaysia that started operation in September 2006 with a capacity of (2100MW) electricity generating capacity. It is one of the four thermal power plants that utilize pulverized coal in the generation of electricity. Tanjung Bin power station produces 180 tonnes per day of bottom ash and 1,620 tonnes per day of fly ash from 18,000 tonnes per day of coal. This study presents the results of an experimental investigation on the probability of using Bottom-ash products in producing Fly-Ash bricks. By substituting 20% of cement with FA and fine aggregate (river sand) with partial replacement of 5%,10%,15% and 20% of BA where sand replacement can save the natural sand resources from depletion and also reduce the coal ash (CA) in Malaysia which classified under the Scheduled Waste (SW 104) Environmental Quality Act. The results of compressive strength at 7,14 & 28 days of air curing showed that the compressive strength and flexural strength decrease with the increasing of sand replacement of the bottom ash while noticed a visible increment of the water absorption ratio with increasing BA percentage wheras density shows the opposite of that.