The present study is to evaluate the inhibitory activity of α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes in the methanol extracts of marine red alga Tolypiocladia glomerulata. The methanol extract of red alga T. glomerulata showed concentration dependent α-glucosidase inhibitory and with achieved maximum activity of 87.08 ± 0.01% at a concentration of 900 µg/mL in a manner IC50 = 608 µg/mL. Similarly the dose dependent effect was observed against α- amylase enzyme with 81.25 ± 0.02% of inhibition at 900 µg/mL (IC50 = 543 µg/mL). The above results were compared with that of the standard drug Acarbose. It can be concluded that the methanol extracts of red alga T. glomerulata exert an effective antidiabetic activity and considered as a potential candidate for the management of diabetes mellitus.

In Côte d'Ivoire very few studies have been devoted to the exploration of iron status among school-age children. This study aims to evaluate iron status in children aged 5 to 11 years in good health in three canteens of three municipalities in of Abidjan (Côte d'Ivoire). A total of 103 students, including 42 girls and 61 boys were selected for this study. Blood samples were taken in each of these children in order to investigate some parameters of blood count and determine some biochemical parameters of iron status. The mean values of various biological parameters of iron status were normal in accordance to physiological reference values from the literature with the exception of hemoglobin in boys which is below normal rate. All parameters did not indicate significant differences between girls and boys (p > 0.05). Our study indicated that in children about two out of three have abnormal iron status. Abnormal iron status is composed respectively by 3.9% of iron deficiency, 8.7% iron deficiency anaemia, 22.3% of simple inflammatory anemia and 23.3% of inflammatory anaemia associated to deficiency martial. Iron deficiency anemia was the only type of nutritional anaemia noted in this work. In addition, we observed two types of anaemia of inflammatory origin.

Tuberculosis is a chronic infectious disease affecting humans of all ages in all parts of the world. The primary site of infection commonly involves lungs, although it can affect any part of the body, including oral cavity. Although oral manifestations of tuberculosis are very rare, the disease can present itself in a variety of clinical appearances which may mimic malignancy clinically. Thus the oral physician plays a pivotal role in the identification and control of this condition by early recognition of lesions that may precede the detection of pulmonary form. Tuberculous involvement of oral cavity is a very rare finding even in areas and countries where Tuberculosis is endemic. We present one such case of 36 year old female who presented with non-healing ulcer in the right lateral surface of the tongue and floor of the mouth. This paper deals with the case of tuberculosis diagnosed on the basis of oral manifestations, there by emphasizing the importance of the oral physician in diagnosis of multisystem disorder.

Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of some diseases. Smoking may enhance oxidative stress not only through the production of reactive oxygen radicals in smoke but also through weakening of the antioxidant defense systems. Study done To assess the erythrocyte superoxide dismutase activity in cigarette smokers. This is case control study. The study was conducted from February to May 2015, sixty samples from non smokers chosen randomly as control and sixty sample from smoker as test group. All samples were tested for superoxide dismutase activity using fortress diagnostic reagent by spectrophotometer analyzer, and results were analyzed using statistical of package social science. The study result showed that the level of superoxide dismutase activity was significantly decrease (P = 0.00) in smokers. Mean ± SD cases versus controls (907±134.47 versus 1159±93.44). There are a significant moderate negative correlation with the number of cigarettes per day (P = 0.00) also weak negative correlation with duration of smoking (P = 0.048).From this study, concluded that superoxide dismutase level was significantly decreased in smokers and correlated negatively with number of cigarettes and duration.