The emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria poses a critical challenge to global public health, necessitating the exploration of alternative therapeutic strategies. This study investigates the antimicrobial potential of bioactive compounds derived from four medicinal plants: Chrysopogon zizanioides, Asteracantha longifolia, Asparagus racemosus, and Tinospora cordifolia. These plants, traditionally used in various medicinal systems, contain compounds such as khusimol, stigmasterol, lupeol, shatavarin IV, asparagamine A, tinosporin, and cordifolioside A, which have shown promising antimicrobial properties against resistant pathogens. Two formulations were developed: Formulation 1, designed for oral administration, and Formulation 2, a topical cream, both targeting antibiotic-resistant strains like methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli (MDR E. coli). The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of each extract and formulation was determined using a microdilution method. Results indicate that these plant-based formulations exhibit significant inhibitory effects on bacterial growth, with potential applications as complementary therapies to conventional antibiotics. This study highlights the potential of these medicinal plants as sources of novel antimicrobial agents, providing a sustainable approach to combating antibiotic resistance.

Thymol (2-isopropyl-5-methyl-phenol) is a natural monoterpene phenolic antioxidant that has anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic potentials in experimental studies. Literatures are scarce on effects of hexachlorobenzene-induced hepatic damage. Therefore, this study investigated the ameliorating potential of thymol (THY) on hexachlorobenzene (HCB)-induced hepatic damage as well as the effects on the antioxidant status, polyamine catabolism, inflammatory and apoptotic processes. Thirty-two adult male rats were daily treated orally by gavage for 25 days and allocated into four groups; control group received corn oil, HCB alone group (15 mg/kg b.wt), THY-treated group (100 mg/kg b.wt) and HCB + THY-treated group. The results showed that HCB significantly reduced the body weight with concurrent increase in relative liver weight accompanied by widespread histological aberrations. Furthermore, HCB-treated rats revealed increases in hepatic putrescine oxidase, spermine oxidase, and myeloperoxidase activities, tumor necrosis-α and interleukin-1β levels, caspase-3 activity, induced oxidative damage as evidenced by elevated malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and significant reduction in antioxidant enzyme activities and reduced glutathione (GSH). However, co-administration of THY with HBC abated the hepatic damage by preventing the generation and release of reactive oxygen species, improving the antioxidant system, down-regulated polyamine catabolism, inflammatory and apoptotic responses. The findings of this study revealed that HCB acts as a hepatotoxicant and thymol might be a possible future therapeutic agent for HCB-induced hepatic damage.

Background: This study investigated the relationship between family planning and health of women in Owan West Local Government Area of Edo State. Materials and Methods: the population of the study was 280,000 inhabitants with sample size of 140, Taro Yamane formula was used in determining the sample size with a significant level of 0.05%. The data analysis technique used for this study is simple percentage for questions by the respondents. Results & Discussion: This study has succeeded in identifying the impact of family planning on woman. The process of family planning prevents unwanted pregnancy and reverses the complications of pregnancy. Family planning has positive impact on the health of women. In view of the research and importance of family planning on women. Conclusion & Recommendation: The following recommendations were made, that government should encourage the use of contraceptives for the good of it involving reduction in population growth as well as its positive impacts and roles in the society. It is also recommended that seminars or public lectures be organized to educate the public on the significance of contraceptive use and its application effectiveness.