Introduction: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a most common cause of death in developed as well as developing countries. Inflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of CAD. Aim and Objective: To identify the hsCRP levels in established CAD patients and its correlation with angiographic severity. Research Design and Methods: A cross sectional study conducted on 72 patients of established CAD aged between 35 and 55 years. The coronary angiographic severity was assessed by number of coronary vessels involved and Gensini scoring system. The serum hsCRP was estimated by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay. Results: The mean hsCRP level was 14.85 mg/dL. Among the total 72 study participants 33 had single vessel disease, 13 and 25 had double vessel and triple vessel involvement respectively. There was no significant correlation of hsCRP with angiographic finding (r=0.103, p=0.385). Conclusion: We found that hsCRP was highly elevated but not a predictor of angiographic severity among established CAD with presence of other cardiovascular risk factors.

Helicobacter pylori infection, in patients with classic risk factors of coronary heart disease, can present with typical clinical manifestations of ischemic heart disease without characteristic electrocardiographic changes or elevation of serum cardiac biomarkers. H. pylori does not participate in the initiation of inflammatory process of coronary atherosclerotic plaque. Instead, a commensal bacterium increases the coronary blood flow even in presence of classic risk factors of coronary heart disease. Under certain circumstances, Helicobacter pylori may aggravate an already existing inflammatory atherosclerotic process of coronary vasculature with consequent rupture and development of ischemic heart disease. This is in analogy with the physiologic role of platelet in primary haemostatic plug versus its undesired role in formation of vascular thrombosis. The factors that lead to shifting of Helicobacter pylori from a commensal promoter of coronary blood flow to a pathogenic organism activating the inflammatory response of atherosclerotic plaque remain to be elucidated.

Diabetes Mellitus (DM), especially type II; represents a major health problem in Saudi Arabia, due to the dramatic changes in the lifestyles of Saudi population. As per the report of World Health Organization (WHO) for the occurrence of diabetes, Saudi Arabia ranked the second in the Middle East and seventh in the world. The increasing trends of diabetes in Saudi Arabia are more worrying in the last few years. Type II DM is generally characterized by peripheral insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency. Quercetin is a natural flavonoid which belongs to a group of natural substances with variable phenolic structures, found naturally in vegetables, fruits and especially in high amounts in onions, apples, tea and grape juice. Self-emulsifying drug delivery system (SEDDS) were prepared following the component ratios. Then, the Quercetin was dissolved and the components were mixed and heated at 37 ºC until the drug perfectly has dissolved. The mixture prepared stored at room temperature. The aim of this study was to optimize concentration of Quercetin leading to efficient decrease in blood glucose level in streptozotocin induced diabetes among the treated rats as compared to the reference drug e.g. glibenclamide. The results showed that the blood glucose lowering activity of flavonoid compounds may be due to stimulating β-cells to release more insulin. The comparative analysis of natural flavonoids showed that the Quercetin was more effective anti-diabetic and hypoglycemic compound.