The fitness centre is the rapidly growth industrial in providing a leisure time services (Industrial leisure). Specifically so many trade mark in fitness centre, like Olympic Gym, Fitness First, Celebrity Fitness, Fit By Beat, Gold‘s Gym, ATLAS Athletic, and Ade Rai‘s Club make the tight competition in the industrial leisure, so that it needs the optimal effort from every fitness centre to survive, so that a firm in the industrial leisure should make a strategic planning for getting the comparative advantages. By looking for a new customer, the fitness center takes so much time and human resource to simulate the customer‘s behavior. To attract a new customer, the fitness centre must design the interesting program for keeping the customer‘s loyalty effectively and efficiently.. Simultaneously The customer retention reflects how much the customer‘s loyalty can attain, this retention gives a sign for management to build the brand image in customer‘s heart emotionally. Commonly The customer‘s behavior points how much their loyalty to take retention purchase. By increasing quality and services, absolutely the customer’s loyalty can be maximized for getting this retention more and more. The important key for increasing corporate services is to design an interactive program between customer and employee. By firing the trouble maker employee, the management must improve the interaction quality. To keep an environment quality, the standard of services can be established objectively. By reviewing the customer‘s participant in daily activity, the management can structure the result‘s quality.

Along with the rapid development of information technology the existence of the museum must also follow the existing changes, which must adapt to the needs and wants and young people. Youth segment is a huge market potential in Indonesia. This research is to explain about the implementation of experiential marketing strategy to make museum as one of tourist destination in Surabaya. Data collection techniques based on interviews with museum managers as well as from the observation of museums in the field, with attention to aspects of sense, feel, think, act and relate. The population in this study is the existing museum in Surabaya, where there are 18 museums in Surabaya, and the sample of this research is 6 museums in Surabaya (Museum of Cancer, Museum Of Sampoerna, Submarine Monument, Surabaya Museum, Health Museum, and Ethnographic Museum). This research uses qualitative research method with analytic descriptive approach, where this research only describes and analyzes existing variable that is implementation of experiential marketing at museum in Surabaya. The results showed that almost all the museums in Surabaya have not applied the concept of experiential marketing completely. In addition, almost all museums are in poor condition and still old-fashioned, and this is not suitable for the youth market. From this study it is also known that the museums in Surabaya have not been able to touch the emotional and psychological aspects of the visitors, whereas completing the visit to the museum does not feel an emotional touch and the latter will not encourage visitors to re-visit.

The purpose of this paper is to identify the factors that influence the customers' Attitude to patronise Islamic bank by applying theory of planned behaviour. The literature on Islamic banking is extensive and focuses on customers‟ behaviour, yet it is still unclear what variables may have a potential impact on customers‟ attitude. The Islamic bank customers‟ patronising factors were long discussed in the literature, but the predictors of customers‟ attitude toward Islamic banks according to the theory of planned behaviour has not been thoroughly discussed. The predictors of attitude were examined within theoretical framework. This study proposed and developed a framework using the Islamic bank customers selection criteria (product features, service quality, social responsibility practices and trust) as determinant of attitude. The framework is open for quantitative test which can form a genera for future researches in the area of determinates of Islamic bank customers Attitude. The theoretical framework incorporates customers selection criteria that are likely determine the customers attitude to patronise Islamic banks. The framework suggests that selection criterias‟ namely: product features, service quality, social responsibility practices and trust determine the customers attitude to patronise Islamic banks. This study integrates the selection criteria (product features, service quality, social responsibility practices and trust) to determine the attitude in the theoretical framework. The previous studies untapped the integration of customers selection criteria to patronise Islamic banks in the theory of planned behaviour.

The objective of this paper is to assess the impact of microcredit on the socio-economic performance of microenterprises in Morocco. It is also to examine the determinants of granting loans by microcredit institutions. The approach used consists on developing a model based on the Probit model for its flexibility and analytical empirical validation using data from a survey undertaken on forty microenterprises which benefited from micro credit financing in the northern region of Morocco.

Company as an entity that operates by applying economic principles strives for the achievement of maximum profit and seeks to increase the value of companies as well as the prosperity of its owner. One of the main tasks of the financial manager in the operating activities of the company is funding decisions. A good company funding decision can be seen from the capital structure, namely the financial decisions related to the composition of the debt. Research Purposes - To determine whether factors such as: Tangibility, Growth, Size of the firm, Liquidity, Non-debt tax shield, Income variability and the Age of the firm influence on Leverage. In this study, the sample and population are from SME companies ever registered in Pefindo25 year of 2009-2014. Sampling was done by purposive sampling technique in order to obtain 72 samples. The hypothesis tests of the study were performed using the SPSS 19. The results of this study indicate that Tangibilty, Growth, Size and Liquidity have significant influence to leverage with the 95% confidence level. The implications of this study to determine the factors that influence the improvement of the company's assets, the capital increase of the company, the increase in sales of the company and decisions obtain funding from external parties (investors) to consider the risks of investing.

Inventory management requires high investment in the company, including spare parts companies. Currently, inventory problems at spare-parts Company that is too many types of components (spare parts), some components (spare parts) there are overstock, some others stock-out, and planning the purchasing of components (spare parts) still quite often using intuition. The purpose of this study is to improve inventory management performance solve the inventory problems at Indonesia spare-part company, so the company can establish an economical supply budget by setting safety stock, minimum stock, maximum stock, and order quantities of each components (spare parts) required to Obtain the inventory cost saving. This study was initiated through the stages of ABC analysis to determine the grade of material on each item, and then continued with inventory count minimum, maximum, safety stock, the value of the average inventory, total inventory cost, turnover ratio and inventory turnover, followed by comparing results of a calculation method of the min-max with existing method, The results of applied research with min-max method was found to increased turnover ratio (TOR), inventory turnover (ITO), lower average inventory values and total inventory cost (TIC) to obtain reduce inventory cost.

The widespread use of E-commerce in the world is a new revolution in international trade. But it is regarded as a double-edged sword for the international trade. Some figure that E-commerce has a positive impetus for the development of international trade. The rest holds the view that E-commerce has worsened the trade conditions, especially, in the developing countries, like the massive tax loss. However, there are a few empirical studies on the dynamic relationship between E-commerce and international trade in the developing countries. China as a biggest developing country in the world, therefore, this paper uses the datum from 2000 to 2016 to explore the dynamic relationship between E-commerce and international trade in China via the method of combining theoretical model and empirical analysis. Preforming an empirical analysis under vector error correction model, the empirical analysis results indicate that the long-run relationship between E-commerce and international trade exists in China. More specifically, E-commerce has a positive effect on international trade.

The study presents gamification as a tool for customer engagement. The study empirically attempts to find wards (Story Theme, Feedback, Rewards, Progress, Challenge, Points, Leader Boards, Badges, Levels and Clear Goals) that are mostly preferred by the users and their further interest in continuing with the same website/app/game. With the changing needs of consumers the marketers are finding better ways of engaging customers. As a known fact if an adult is asked his preference of work and games, the answer many times would be games. Now in this digital era an increasing number and variety of business applications are integrating game mechanics, or gamification, to improve user engagement, engage new customers, incent employees, build loyalty, and more. Now, users are competing against each other for points, or badges or to be known as a leader. The study, also attempts to find if the type of motivation (extrinsic and intrinsic) will have any influence on the choice of the awards. This study also focuses on the influence of the demographic variables on the choice of awards.

The world of higher and further education has been changing rapidly and there has been a shift towards online education. Professional and regulatory bodies are indicating the importance of catering for online higher education. However, it is important to consider the effectiveness of online education in the development of skills required by the employers. As South Africa is facing high unemployment, graduating students should be equipped with more than just the qualification they registered to complete; they need to be employable. This article attempts to evaluate the effectiveness of a business related online learning module in order to develop skills in graduates which are desired by employers.

Empowerment of women is a dynamic process through which women gets strength and social stability. Empowered women should have the equal power to take decisions in domestic and social matters and also must have the knowledge about education, health, safety, social and political issues, financial inclusion, skill development and most importantly women have the quality to participate in every field. Economically empowered women are highly inspired by entrepreneurship. Through the entrepreneurship women are able to engage and grow various skills development units which provide self-establishment as well as self-dependence. Entrepreneurship provides ample opportunities to the women to reduce unemployment and to improve their financial status. This study attempts to focus how the women get economically empowered through entrepreneurship. The socio economic status influences on women for engaging entrepreneurship in an effective manner. The findings of this study state that by getting involved in entrepreneurship women is able to improve their financial condition and make themselves as economically empowered women.

The purpose of the research is to analyze the effect of internal factors and external factors on the organizational performance in policy making and regulation drafting. The research is a quantitative descriptive study, using primary data sources derived from questionnaires distributed in the organizational scope and secondary data obtained from organizational performance report. The sample used is 61 of the population of 74. The method of data analysis using the test of validity, reliability and multiple regression analysis. The results showed that internal factors and external factors have a significant positive effect on the performance of policy making and regulation drafting. Internal factor is the most influential variable to the performance. Where the internal factors partially affect the organizational performance of 69.4%, where if the internal factor increases one unit, the performance of the organization will increase by 0.387. While external factor have influence equal to 6,9%,, if the external factor increase one unit, the organizational performance will increase equal to 0,193.

This study investigates the relationship between globalization and economic growth. Globalization has its effect on economic growth either positively or negatively. Globalization affects positively the economy of countries with welleducated workers and better financial systems. However, low-income countries do not benefit from it. The positive impacts of globalization on economic growth are several. It makes markets more efficient by increasing competition. This creates variety and leads to economic growth. Moreover, it increases foreign direct investment rates by facilitating technology transfer, industrial restructuring and the growth of global companies. A countries‟ economy can benefit from this point through taxes on the foreign investment or the increase of employment rates. However, globalization has some negative impacts on economy. If a country‟s economy become at risk, it may affect large number of countries. During the global financial crisis In 2007and 2008, the United States faced a crisis in the subprime mortgage market and this crisis extended to other countries in Europe and Asia even in the Gulf countries. Some countries‟ economies collapsed because of this crisis. This study is significant because it helps experts and the readers to know more aspects of globalization and economic growth of developing and developed Countries.

This study empirically examines the effects of firm growth on the profitability of listed agricultural and agro allied firms in Nigeria. The population of the study consists of twenty four (24) listed agricultural and agro allied firms in Nigeria as at 31st December 2016. The sample size of the study is (20) twenty for the period of nine years (2008-2016). The judgmental sample technique was applied. The panel data was extracted from the annual report and accounts of the study firms. A multiple regression was used to analysis the data through STATA13 to test the null hypotheses of the study. The Hausman test conducted indicated that the model is fixed effect. The result of findings showed that sales growth has a positive and significant effect on return on asset, also asset growth shows a insignificant negative effect on return on asset, while firm age revealed a significant negative effect on return on asset of the listed agricultural and agro allied firms in Nigeria. It is recommended among others that the management of agricultural and agro allied firms in Nigeria should maintained a level of sales level through market strategies. The firm managers should strike a balance between asset investment and profitability and always maintain reasonable level of profitability has company grow older to prevent liquidation of companies.

Kenyan SACCO segment makes up a considerable percentage of the country’s savings and this has spurred economy and social development. It has been established that internal environment has a great bearing on the performance of SACCOs. This study investigated the relationship between internal control systems and performance in SACCOs in Nyeri Central Sub-County and was guided Restitution and Internal Control Theory, Agency theory and Control theory. Internal controls were looked at from the perspective of Control Environment, control activities, Risk Assessment and Monitoring all focused on the performance which measured profitability and investment returns. The target population was 26 operating SACCOs in Nyeri Central Sub-County and the respondents was 78 employees working in this SACCOs who were categorized into the loan managers, internal auditors and financial analysts. The research was conducted using both quantitative and qualitative approaches; adopting cross-sectional survey research design. The relevant data was collected using questionnaires, out of 78 employees 68 responded representing 87.2% response rate. Collected data was analyzed using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) to generate descriptive statistics. Effects of internal controls on the financial performance of SACCOs in Nyeri central sub-county were measured using multiple regression analysis. The results indicated that internal control environment, risk assessment control and activity control had a positive and statistically significant effect on financial performance of SACCOs. Monitoring had a positive but statistically insignificant effect on financial performance of SACCOs. SACCOs should come up with policy that ensures regular and systematic review of the internal control systems and ensure that issues raised are addressed appropriately.

Genetic modification (GM) technology in food is a new variety of food choices for Malaysian consumers. Majority of the consumers have no or limited knowledge on GM technology and food. However, some of the products in foreign countries are GM food, hence, it is important to understand consumers‟ perception to provide policy makers, government agencies, and industry players a clear view on the effect of imported GM food in Malaysia. Semi structure interview was adopted in this study to have an in-depth understanding on consumers‟ perception on GM food. Consumers with basic knowledge on GM technology and food were involved in this study. The finding indicated that attitude, relative advantage, compatibility, perceived control behaviors (PCB) and observability in term of information were positively related to adoption intention. Complexity has a negative relation with adoption intention. As majority of consumers have no knowledge on GM food and there are no labeling of GM food in Malaysia market, hence subjective norm, trialability and observability of physical products were not obvious at the time of study. Consumers‟ perception toward a new innovation is important which all relevant sectors able to generate better strategy plan to promote the new products as well as provide protection to the consumers, in this case, the uncertainty of long term health issues and transparency of information.

This study aims to analyze the influence of internal control system and internal audit performed by the government on the prevention of corruption mediated using accrual-based accounting. The research is descriptive and causal using survey method by gathering questionnaire from the whole population. There were 102 respondents who are civil servant employees of the Government of North Sumatra Province. For data analysis, the study used PLS SEM aided by software program SmartPLS version 3.0. The results of this study revealed that the government internal control system has a positive effect on the implementation of accrual based accounting, while internal audit has no effect on the accounting implementation. For implementation of accrual-based accounting has a positive effect on prevention of corruption. Likewise, the government internal control system has a positive effect on corruption prevention and also internal audit positively affects the prevention of corruption. The government internal control system influences the prevention of corruption through the implementation of accrual based accounting while the internal audit has no effect on the prevention of corruption through the implementation of accrual-based accounting.