The seeming non autonomy of work in the studied organization necessitated this study. The study examined the type of relationship between job enrichment and employee commitment in selected brewing firms in Anambra State. A survey research design was adopted. A sample of 156 respondents was selected from the population size of 543 using Taro Yamani Formula. A 12-item questionnaire with close ended questions was used for data collection. Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient was used for data analysis. Finding showed that there is a significant positive relationship between job autonomy and affective commitment among the employees in the selected brewing firms. It was also found that when the jobs of the employees are enriched, their commitment level would increase positively and that would ultimately increases their productivity level in the organization. The study recommended that organizations should focus on giving employees a considerable level of job autonomy, this would enable them to utilize their skills and ability to complete assigned tasks and take responsibility for their actions, as well as maintaining strong loyalty and commitment level to the organization.

On the basis of defining the connotation of the transformation and upgrading of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), combining with the practice of the SMEs transformation and upgrading in Shaanxi province, with the intention of solving financing demand in the process of transformation and upgrading of SMEs, this paper analyzes emphatically four common transformation and upgrading connotations of the and its financing demand characteristics including management transformation, business model transformation, industry transformation and enterprise upgrading for SMEs in Shaanxi province, and discusses the characteristics and advantages of Internet finance means including P2P (Peer to Peer) lending, crowd funding and e-commerce finance when solving the problem of the financing demand and proposes a feasible strategy for the bottle-neck of financing from a new perspective. Based on this analysis, this paper further proposes the policy advice of making full use of Internet finance as means, and combing SMEs, Internet finance enterprises and government working together to promote the transformation and upgrading of SMEs.

This study intends to describe the global knowledge of senior high school students at Cilegon City and Serang City. This study aimed to describe the level of global knowledge high school students at Cilegon and Serang City, and compare the level of global knowledge among high school students at Cilegon City with high school students at Serang City by using „t‟ test for large sample group. The authors performed the statistical analysis in order to find a comparison of global knowledge among senior high school students in the study site by using 't' test for large sample group. With 208 degrees of freedom, and at the trustworthiness level of 95%, it obtained the value of t table about 1.67. The t value of Comparison on Global Knowledge between senior high school student at Cilegon City and senior high school students at Serang City of 0.216 is smaller than t table value of 1.67. According to this condition, there is no significant difference between Global Knowledge of senior high school students at Cilegon City with senior high school students at Serang City. However, in a simple, based on the difference of the average score (mean) between the two groups of respondents, in fact it can be seen that there is the differentiation of Global Knowledge between senior high school students at Cilegon City with senior high school students at Serang City. Actually, the mean score of Y group (senior high school students at Serang City) is slightly larger than the mean score of X group (senior high school students at Cilegon City). The meaning of Global Knowledge of senior high school students at Serang City is slightly better than Global Knowledge of senior high school students at Cilegon City. Global Insight senior high school students in the city of Cilegon and Serang did not show a significant difference. This happens because of an environmental socio-cultural students in the two cities have in common as autonomous cities, with characteristic primary as a center of heavy industry and service business in the city of Cilegon, as well as industrial center services, central government activities city, county, and also the province of Banten.

The purpose of this paper is to explore the best practice of small medium enterprises (SMEs) from Japan. Japan has been proven to be successful lesson to be followed by Malaysia. Japan’s SMEs began after World War II in 1945. Thus, it has shown that the development process has intricacies and can be studied by Malaysian SMEs, which began in the 1970s due to the revolution of new economic policies. This paper provides the understanding of the development of SMEs between Japan and Malaysia. Further, we identify a gap between SMEs in Malaysia and SMEs in Japan as best practice. The challenges SMEs face might be different in their respective countries—it might be from the perspective of cultural aspects, market environments, and more, but with the initiative measures, pro and cons of both countries’ SMEs can enhance their duty as the backbone of a country’s economy.

This study examines non-linear effect of fiscal policy (represented by increases in government consumption) on private consumption. Actually, it suggests that this effect depends on the nature of fiscal policy changes. Using a STR (Smooth Transition Regression) model on Tunisia data over the 1975-2010 period, this paper provides evidence that the expansionary effect of higher government consumption decreases when fiscal policy is expansive.

Institutions of higher learning in Kenya are faced with a multiplicity of challenges due to policy shifts that have led to massification of education. The structural adjustment programmes (SAPS) together with other neoliberal policies introduced by Britton wood institutions has had major implications for the education sector in Kenya. The greatest effect has been on the human resource working in institutions of higher learning that have been faced by various challenges including career stagnation. These has led to a pool of demotivated staff which has a spiral effect on the quality of service provision thus leading to frequent and persistent strikes by both the staff and the students. All these are linked to organizational politics and specifically its subset the politics of information. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to examine the influence of information power on career development among administrative staff in public universities: a case of University of Eldoret (UOE) in Eldoret, Kenya. The specific objective of the study was to determine the influence of Information power on career development among administrative staff in public universities .The research design employed was a case study to enhance collection of extensive and detailed information on the research objective. The target population comprised of 134 permanent administrative employees of University of Eldoret. This also formed the sample size since the population was not big enough the researcher employed a census technique in the selection of respondents for the study. However only 130 respondents were able to fill their questionnaires and return. Closed ended questionnaires with the aid of likert scales were employed as the data collection instrument for the study. Data was analysed with the aid of both descriptive and inferential statistics specifically correlation to test the effect of information power on career development. This data was then presented using tables, charts and graphs to enhance analysis of data. This study is of great significance to policy makers, Human resource practitioners in universities, as well as the University management who are able to make clear and effective policies on the issue of information power and career development.

Performance of employee brings organization’s achievements in the business world where rivalry among the organizations is very common. In this connection, the academicians and practitioners do struggle to reach a conclusion about the determinants of employee performance. As a result, the study endeavors to develop a structural equation model with the help of PLS technique in determining the relationship among employee relations with supervisor, employee engagement, and employee performance in the context of developing country. The opinions of 392 employees have been collected through survey method who works in the ready-made garment industry in Bangladesh. The findings of the study revealed that employee relations with supervisor have influence on employee performance and employee engagement; and employee engagement mediates employee relations and employee performance relationship. Therefore, the model is expected to be used in the developing context as a method for increasing employee performance.

The main aim of this study was to determine the influence of consumers‟ awareness and attitude toward interest under Islamic law and Shari‟ah. The study used a target population of peoples of Zanzibar which was a majority Muslim by 99 percent. A descriptive design was adopted in this study for data collection. The descriptive design allows the description of the state of affairs as it exists and draws respondents‟ opinions and views on the influence of the consumer awareness toward prohibited of interest in Islam. The study found out that 68.9 percent of the respondents were aware the interest is one of the dangerous weapons to exploit and extort the poor and needy. We recommended that in order achieve certain economic and social goals, central banks have intervened in the determination of the rate of interest and establish of an interest free banking system because the most important portion of the wealth of a country is captured by a few rich peoples through interest.

The training of the workers in the enterprises allows the development in the skills and knowledge of the employees. As the other Enterprises, the training programs in the petroleum companies got a great importance, which became more cleared through this study. Through the case study on Sonatrach subsidiary employees, and based on selfquestionnaire our paper aims to analyze the training programs contribution in the improvement of the unit productivity level, and on the upgrading of the profitability and efficiency of the workers. Nevertheless, the importance of the training contribution appears undoubtedly in minimizing the lost days caused by the work accidents, which is a huge costs organization must cover Although the luck in decreasing in the rates of this accidents.

Although multifaceted problems are causing the frustrating scenario of the country’s tourism sector, Jordan has the potentials to develop its tourism sector and earn huge foreign currency and generate employment opportunities like the neighbouring countries, such as The Holy Lands, Egypt and Turkey who attract substantial number of tourists every year and thus generates huge amount of foreign currencies. The paper looks at different preferences of the tourist and examines the tour intention in selecting different tour destination. The study utilizes both exploratory and empirical research approach. The study collects data through interview with a structured self-administered questionnaire from 165 tourists, in utilizing convenient sampling technique. A multiple regression model was estimated to examine the effects of different factors on the tourists tour intention where nine factors related to different aspects of tourism such as service quality, natural beauty, known destination, convenient lodging, adventure, security, effective and efficient transportation, safe and quality food and shopping facility were used as indigenous variables where tour intention was used as exogenous variable of the model. The regression result shows that Service quality, Natural Beauty, Security and Shopping Facility are statistically significant indicating 24.6% of the variation in explaining the intention to select a tour destination in Jordan. The study outlines some policy implications.

This study aims to analyze the influence of Competence and Organizational Culture on Job Satisfaction. The design of this research is quantitative by using survey method. The population of this research is all the Regional Device Work Unit (SKPD) in Bekasi City Government, Head of Department, Head of Agency and Head of Division who occupy essay II and III in Bekasi City Government which amounted to 208 people consist of 36 echelon II and 172 people Echelon III officials. The sample size of this study using Slovin formula with α size used is 5%, thus the sample size is 137 people. This research uses multiple linear regression analysis technique. SPSS 20.00 analysis tool. The result of this research is that Competence and Organizational Culture have positive and significant influence to Job Satisfaction. There are still other factors influencing the Performance of the Organization apart from the two Competence and Organizational Culture variables.

This study aims to examine and analyze the effect of variable quality of product, price, promotion, and location on purchase decision product nitchi at PT Jaya Swarasa Agung in Central Jakarta both partially or simultaneously. This statistic parametic study adopted method that use a multiple linear regression in which the data processed by SPSS program. Sample size was 115 buyers product nitchi in Supermarket Rezeki as respondents. The instruments used in the form of a structured questionnaire with Likert scale was used to collect data which consisted of 23 questions arranged based on indicator and dimensions derived from each variable. The result showed that quality of product, price, promotion, and location in influencing the purchasing decision, either partially nor simultaneously.

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This study aims to investigate the reality of marketing policies for the finance companies in Jordan from the employee’s point of views in the finance companies in the northern governorates, by surveying the point of view for (55) employees in these companies .To achieve the objective of the study, it has been distributes questionnaire consisting of (25) paragraphs was distributed in 4 areas: (promotion of the company, loans, location of the company and safety). After applying the study to the sample, the results shows that the marketing polices were very effective on all dimensions, In addition to the absence of differences of statistical significance in all gender variables. While the differences emerged due to the scientific qualification and experience variables. Finally the study concluded a set of recommendations.

Project communication can be defined as the exchange of information aiming to instill knowledge among the stakeholders, thus acting as a binding force which connects many stakeholders of the conceived project and its environment in addition to coupling its activities during the development and execution of the project. Project Communication Management is highly concerned with technology as growing ways of communication are rapidly increasing in the global business world. This research is about understanding the relationship of communication management with Big Data (BD). This research assesses the level of awareness of communication management professionals regarding BD technologies and analyzes the contribution of different factors responsible for the rate of adoption of BD technologies in order to manage communication in large projects.