Access to safe and clean water is a major challenge in many rural communities of Abia State, Nigeria. Due to the absence of adequate water treatment facilities, residents in these areas depend largely on untreated surface water from rivers, streams, and ponds for domestic, agricultural, and sometimes industrial purposes. This study investigates the environmental effects of untreated surface water in selected rural areas of Abia State, with emphasis on its physical, chemical, and microbiological qualities, and their implications for public health and the ecosystem. Field sampling and laboratory analyses were conducted on multiple surface water sources in rural communities. The results reveal that these waters contain significant levels of turbidity, suspended solids, and colouration exceeding World Health Organization (WHO) permissible limits. Chemical analyses indicated the presence of undesirable mineral concentrations, including high nitrate and phosphate levels from agricultural runoff, and traces of heavy metals such as lead and cadmium. Microbiological tests confirmed the presence of Escherichia coli, total coliforms, and other pathogenic organisms, indicating faecal contamination. These findings suggest that the continued use of untreated surface water poses a dual threat: increased risk of waterborne diseases such as cholera and typhoid, and environmental degradation including eutrophication, biodiversity loss, and soil contamination. The study concludes that urgent interventions—including community-level treatment systems, stricter water protection policies, and sustained public health education—are necessary to mitigate the negative impacts and promote sustainable water management in rural Abia State.

Tourism is a strategic sector for Indonesia’s economy but remains vulnerable to global and domestic crises. This study aims to analyse the implementation of sustainable tourism practices and their relationship with the financial resilience of tourism destinations in Jakarta and West Java. Using a mixed methods approach, data were collected through surveys of 150 respondents (tourism enterprises, destination managers, and local communities) and in-depth interviews with stakeholders. The research instruments measured three dimensions of sustainable tourism (economic, socio-cultural, environmental) and five dimensions of financial resilience (revenue stability, diversification, cost efficiency, adaptation and innovation, institutional support). Results from Structural Equation Modelling–Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) reveal that sustainable tourism practices significantly and positively influence financial resilience (β = 0.62; p < 0.01). The economic dimension contributed the most, followed by socio-cultural, while environmental was positive but not significant. These findings highlight that sustainability not only addresses socio-ecological concerns but also serves as a key strategy to strengthen the financial resilience of tourism destinations. Theoretically, this study reinforces the Resource-Based View and Stakeholder Theory within the Indonesian tourism context. Practically, it provides recommendations for policymakers and practitioners, including strengthening policy support, diversifying tourism products, enhancing digital innovation, and engaging local communities. Thus, sustainable tourism practices can form a foundation for developing resilient and competitive destinations in the future.

This study aims to analyze the influence of organizational structure and transactional leadership on teacher performance at SDI Sahabat Ilmu, with work motivation as a mediating variable. An explanatory quantitative method was used in this study, with a census sampling method involving all 30 teachers who were active in the school. Data analysis was carried out using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) based on SmartPLS software. The research instruments were compiled based on organizational structure theory, transactional leadership concepts, work motivation, and teacher performance indicators, using a five-point Likert scale. The findings of the study show that organizational structure has a positive impact on work motivation, but the effect is indirect on teacher performance. Meanwhile, transactional leadership has been proven to have a positive and significant impact on teachers' performance and work motivation. However, the results of the analysis showed that work motivation did not mediate the relationship between organizational structure and transactional leadership and teacher performance. This study makes an important contribution to the development of human resource management and leadership strategies in educational institutions, especially in an effort to increase teacher productivity.

This study investigates the effect of environmental, social and governance (ESG) reporting on the market performance of listed firms operating in the oil and gas sector in Nigeria. An ex post facto research design was employed to select seven firms from the period of 2014 to 2023. Share price performance was used to measure market performance. The study conducted both descriptive statistics and inferential statistics to analyze the data sourced. The model is analyzed using Generalized method of moments (GMM). The results of this study disclosed that environmental disclosure (p<0.01) and social disclosure (p<0.05) have positive and significant effect on share price performance. Although, governance disclosure showed no statistically significant effect. These findings imply that disclosure of information on social and environmental practices in the Nigeria oil and gas industry favorably influenced the value of the share thus enhance market performance; whereas, governance disclosure is viewed as having less impact.

In the context of prompt and imminent digital acceleration and the rise of generative artificial intelligence (AI), leadership theory is shifting toward what this study defines as Syncretic Leadership. This emerging framework integrates and combines cognitive agility, algorithmic collaboration, and a culturally fused workforce as foundational attributes for navigating hybrid human-machine environments. Moving beyond classical paradigms embedded in human-centred rationality, cultural or emotional intelligence, Syncretic leadership reflects a convergence of artificial knowledge, digital fluency, data-informed judgment, and transcultural adaptability, within a fast and continuously changing environment. Through a comparative conceptual analysis and bibliometric mapping of recent scholarly discourse on AI-enabled decision-making and cross-cultural leadership dynamics—conducted using the VOSviewer software —this paper identifies key thematic clusters and intellectual trajectories that signal the formation of this new and unique model. The conclusions point to a growing consensus that effective leadership in the AI era requires harmonising human intuition with machine precision while cultivating inclusive, globally resonant management practices and a new approach to knowledge dynamics. This article contributes to the continuous academic and business debates by articulating the ontological boundaries and ethical tensions posed by the newly launched syncretic leadership model, offering a forward-looking perspective for scholars and practitioners.

The study charts the evolution of research on supply chain efficiency, vendor selection, cost optimization, and risk mitigation from 2005 to 2025. It undertakes a combined bibliometric analysis and structured literature review (SLR) on a dataset of 289 Scopus-indexed articles. Using performance indicators, science mapping, and the TCCM framework (theory, context, characteristics, methodology), the study inquiries into publication trends, eminently visited journals, most cited works, and emerging research themes. The study shows a paradigm shift from a cost approach that is narrower to a multidimensional approach that integrates sustainability, resilience, and digital transformation. Among other key enablers which document the approach include blockchain, big data analytics, AI, and Industry 4.0 technologies. China and the United States are leading countries with respect to research outputs and citation impacts, but India is emerging as a developing contributor in procurement and vendor selection, especially since the power and energy sector remains underexplored. Furthermore, the study highlights the predominant use of a cross-sectional quantitative approach and calls for longitudinal and mixed-method approaches. The paper contributes to the literature by charting the intellectual evolution of SCM efficiency research, unearthing sectoral and methodological gaps, and providing actionable recommendations for industrial players and policymakers.

The performance of a bank serves as a guarantee in maintaining its market position amid the intense competition among banks, further intensified by the increasingly widespread issue of green banking. The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of Green Human Resource Management and Leadership on Employee Performance mediated by Organizational Culture: A study at PT Bank X in Jakarta. The research design used is causal, which explains the relationships between variables. The research was conducted at PT Bank X in the Jakarta area, involving 155 employees as the sample. The sample was selected using simple random sampling. The data used are primary data obtained from respondents’ questionnaire responses. The research methods employed are descriptive statistics and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis using Partial Least Square (PLS) version 3.0. The results of the study show that Green Human Resource Management has a positive and significant influence on Organizational Culture; Green Human Resource Management has a positive and significant influence on Employee Performance; Leadership has a positive and significant influence on Organizational Culture; Leadership has a positive and significant influence on Employee Performance; Organizational Culture has a positive and significant influence on Employee Performance; Green Human Resource Management has a positive and significant influence on Employee Performance mediated by Organizational Culture; and Leadership has a positive and significant influence on Employee Performance mediated by Organizational Culture. Descriptive analysis results indicate that respondents’ assessment levels of Green Human Resource Management, Leadership, Organizational Culture, and Employee Performance at PT Bank X in Jakarta are at a positive level.

During the "14th five year plan" period, Beijing has made achievements in the artificial intelligence industry foundation, talent scale, education policy and international talent introduction, but in the face of the practical difficulties of employment, there are still structural bottlenecks such as the lack of refinement of talent classification, the disconnection between evaluation mechanism and industrial demand, and the lack of policy coordination. During the "15th five year plan" period, it is suggested to build systematic countermeasures from the three dimensions of "classified allocation, evaluation and incentive, and ecological optimization", including the establishment of "four levels and nine categories" dynamic talent map, the improvement of multiple evaluation and risk tolerance mechanism, and the strengthening of top-level design and regional collaboration, aiming to enhance the global competitiveness of Beijing's digital talent development, support the country's high-level scientific and technological self-reliance and high-quality development, so as to promote the high-quality development of employment.

This study investigates the relationship between sustainable business strategies, climate change adaptation, and competitive advantage in emerging markets, with a focus on North Central Nigeria. The research adopts a mixed-methods approach, combining surveys, interviews, and case studies to assess how businesses respond to climate-related challenges. Findings reveal that many firms have begun integrating sustainability practices such as energy efficiency, waste reduction, and eco-friendly innovations to mitigate climate risks. However, adoption levels remain uneven due to financial constraints, limited awareness, and inadequate policy support. The results further demonstrate that businesses actively engaging in climate adaptation strategies experience improved market positioning, resilience, and stakeholder trust, thereby enhancing their competitive advantage. Government policies, technological innovation, and collaborative networks are identified as critical enablers, while weak regulatory enforcement and infrastructural gaps serve as persistent barriers. The study concludes that fostering climate-resilient business models is essential for long-term sustainability in the region and recommends targeted policy interventions, capacity building, and private–public partnerships to strengthen resilience and competitiveness in North Central Nigeria.