The purpose of this research is to determine the internal and external factors that affect economic growth, then determine strategies to increase economic growth in 6 (six) provinces in Indonesia. The research method uses descriptive analysis with SWOT analysis tools. The results of the study are appropriate strategies to accelerate the economic growth of the Province in Java Island, including: improving infrastructure, developing special economic zones, promoting tourism and cultural heritage, encouraging innovation and technology, regional development planning and sustainable development practices.

This study aims to analyze how return on assets can be influenced by the level of financial leverage and operating efficiency at state-owned commercial banks in Indonesia. Case studies were conducted on 4 (four) state-owned commercial banks in Indonesia based on data from 2011-2022 with a sample size of 48 observation data. Data is collected from the annual report of each state-owned commercial bank which is processed based on accounting metrics. Data analysis was carried out based on a quantitative descriptive approach using panel data regression. The results showed that return on assets is simultaneously influenced by financial leverage. Partially, any increase in return on assets can be explained by increased financial leverage which is managed effectively, and more efficient bank operations.

This study examined the effect of oil price volatility on federal government capital expenditure in Nigeria for the period 1993 to 2022 using secondary data from relevant government agencies. The study specifically examine the impact of Brent UK crude oil price volatility, OPEC spot rate crude oil volatility and West Texas Intermediate crude oil price volatility controlling the disruptions of oil subsidy, corruption and inflation on capital expenditure. The research employed an ex-post facto research design to produce results via Bounds test and Autoregressive Distributed Lag regression test. The long run estimate of the model report that Brent UK crude oil price volatility, OPEC spot rate crude oil volatility and West Texas Intermediate crude oil price volatility failed to report significant effect on the federal government capital expenditure in Nigeria. This shows that the oil price volatility is a short run phenomenon, that will fade out in short period, hence the reason for the high speed of adjustment of the error correction term. There is need for federal government in Nigeria to continually monitor crude oil international price and negotiate with OPEC on production output and quota. There is also need to monitor federal government’s capital expenditure pattern and revenues in critical revenue generating agencies. Federal Government should remain committed to sustaining fiscal adjustments by creating fiscal space for capital and infrastructural development.