This study aims to prove empirically the effect of profitability, solvability, and liquidity on financial distress in transportation and logistics companies in Indonesia. The study population consisted of transportation and logistics companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for 2018 and 2019 compared to 2020 and 2021. The research sample of 22 companies was obtained by purposive sampling method. This study uses an associative quantitative study method by testing the effect of the dependent variable independently and conducting a comparative test before and during covid 19. The results show that profitability, solvability, and liquidity variables have a significant effect on financial distress before covid 19. The results are different during the period Observations during covid 19, profitability and liquidity variables have a significant effect, but solvability variables have no significant effect on financial distress in transportation and logistics companies in Indonesia. This research shows that the conditions during covid 19 affect the company's solvency along with changes in macroeconomic conditions in Indonesia.

Financial inclusion is an effort to give access and make sure that the usage of financial services by underserved population. Formers financial inclusion is very important for increasing the standard of living and it’s an important tool for empowerment of farmers. There are many financial services which are available exclusively to farmers Like KCC, PMFBY, Crop Loan etc. but the usage of those services is not satisfactory among the farmers. In this paper, we are analyzing whether the financial services to farmers are influencing the financial inclusion of famers. The primary data is collected from 160 farmers and data is analyzed by using various statistical techniques like correlation, parametric test by using statistical software called SPSS and MS Excel. The study reveals that the digital financial services are increasing the financial inclusion among farmers and there is lack of awareness about most of the financial services available to the farmers.

When the HR job is considered in terms of its any constituents, it becomes noticeable that in every organization there are many different interacting groups that HR managers must gratify, or who have rights or a stake in what HR does. Furthermore, each comes with different and sometimes conflicting needs. It costs money and time. The most organizations try to economize with maximal effect. A way how to eliminate or reduce unnecessary expenses is making internal processes more efficient. The most expensive even the most productive factor is labor force. This paper deals with evaluating of human resource effectiveness like potential source of competitive advantage.

The Indian telecom market is the second-largest telecommunication market in the world. The market is fiercely competitive due to the rising subscriber base and increasing demand for network connectivity. The present study tries to analyze the strategies and policies that determine the survival of the mobile telecom operators of India. The focus is also on the benefits and drawbacks of various factors that eventually lead to the success or failure of these companies. The study is based on an exploratory research method where 30 doctoral theses have been reviewed, and secondary sources, namely valuable reports, and websites, have been referred to. Gleaned from the literature review, it is found that with efficient policy-making, the Indian telecom industry deliberated on infrastructural support, technological advancement, and industrial development. The success of an organization depends not only on effective telecom policy structure but also on customer loyalty, customer retention, marketing mix, service quality, and corporate image of the telecom operators. All these factors positively influenced customer perception and satisfaction and motivated customers’ buying decision to have a competitive edge in the telecom market.

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the impact of Total Quality Management (TQM) practices on employees' satisfaction in the Saudi Arabian health sector. It aimed to contribute to economic development from a microeconomic perspective. The research used primary cross-sectional data from various companies in the Saudi health sector to address major research hypotheses. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to capture the information. A five-point Likert-type scale was used. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 21. Scale validity was determined, and the scale of reliability was estimated by the Cronbach alpha scale. Regression and correlation analysis were used. The findings showed customer focus, continuous improvement, process management, employee involvement, leadership, good vision, communication, and integrated systems are positively and significantly linked with employee satisfaction. In conclusion, the health sector in Saudi Arabia has a high level of various TQM practices, a high level of customer focus, a high level of continuous improvement, a high level of process management, a high level of employee involvement, leadership, a good vision, a high level of communication, and a high level of integrated systems. The study also concludes that the higher the level of TQM practices, the more the employees’ satisfaction level has increased by 0.204%, and the higher the level of customer focus, continuous improvement, process management, employee involvement, leadership with a good vision, communication, and integrated systems. It was recommended that leaders and managers in the health sector utilize more interactive technologies to promote improved employee engagement with the institutions.