This study examines the effect of board diversity on the financial performance of manufacturing firms in Nigeria. The motivation for the study lies in the increased quest to establish the most appropriate board with the optimum mix needed to guarantee the absence of corporate failure. The study comprises of 64 listed manufacturing firms as at 31st December 2020, and sample size of 20 listed manufacturing firms were selected using purposive sampling technique. Data were obtained from annual reports of the selected firms from 2011 to 2020. Descriptive statistics and panel regression estimation techniques were used to analyze the data collected. The findings shown that board diversity has an insignificant effect on performance except for financial expertise diversity with a positive effect on financial performance, and there is a presence of long run relationship with firm performance. Based on these findings, the study therefore concludes that diversity on the board in terms of gender, ethnicity and educational background will not really improve or reduce performance of the firms while diversity in terms of financial expertise will do. Thus, it is recommended that greater measures need to be taken by manufacturing firms in Nigeria to have a higher percentage of board members with financial expertise, and directors with certified financial expertise should be allowed to stay longer on the boards to guarantee improved performance in the long run.

Competition in the business environment and rapid global developments have created great challenges for organizations, which increases the importance of strategic planning to ensure business continuity despite any potential crises and competitions. This study aims to clarify the impact of strategic planning on the performance of Jordanian telecom companies. In order to achieve the aim of the study, a comparison approach was adopted by reviewing previous studies that dealt with the subject and discussing the most important results that they reached. Accordingly, he concluded that strategic planning has an active and important role in developing the work of organizations so that it will be reflected positively on them. Therefore, we recommend through this study to activate strategic planning in the departments of Jordanian telecommunications companies to ensure more innovation and creativity in light of the intense competition for telecommunications services in the Jordanian market, with the need to develop a strategic plan to be evaluated periodically in line with the organization's mission and vision to ensure that it remains on the path. The correct approach that you seek in addition to the need to set short and long-term goals and strive to achieve them within the set strategic plan, in addition to the scientific contribution, there must be some obstacles represented in Research because this study during the Corona pandemic there was difficulty in collecting data or conducting interviews, so it is possible in the future to conduct this study by addressing a proposed model that addresses the variables that highlight strategic planning strategies on the performance of Jordanian telecom services companies and collect and analyze data to reach a more comprehensive scientific contribution.

The impact of advertisement on financial performance of a company is manifold and it plays as a leverage to increase net sales which have created positive effect on profit. The present study tries to examine how advertisement expenditure affects the variables like net sales of the product, retained earnings, earnings per share and profit after tax by a representative study on Maruti Suzuki India Limited from 2009-10 to 2019-20. It is seen that all the variables have a positive correlation with advertisement which implies that cost of advertisement have a causal relationship with the variables. It is found that advertisement expenses of the company have motivated the target customers’ buying behavior and is reflected through the increase in net sales and profits of the product over a period of time.

This research was conducted to gain confidence in a number of factors such as convenience, trust and security that affect people's interest in transacting using internet banking amid the increasing threat of cybercrime attacks on the theft of account owner assets. The data collection method used a questionnaire with research samples taken from government and private banks using convenience sampling technique and the results obtained were 120 respondents. The results of the study concluded that the convenience and security factors had a positive and significant effect on asking people to use internet banking, while trust had no significant effect.