Understanding online consumers and their buying behavior had been the major focus for marketers and gained special attention among the marketing science researchers for over three decades. The purpose of this research is to investigate the past and current trends in online consumer behavior domain, by highlighting the research themes through bibliometric analysis and provide an agenda for future research. The study carried out a systematic literature review of online consumer behavior research with the help of bibliometric analysis from 1999 to 2020, and the bibliographic data of 1254 documents were obtained from the Scopus, one of the popular academic indexing databases. The study performed various bibliometric analysis using open-source software tools, including Biblioshiny, VOS Viewer, and Sci2 tool. This paper is unique in applying a variety of quantitative and scientific mapping tools for better understanding and visualization of the research field. The analysis of scientific research will be a reference guide for research scholars in the academic community for understanding the intellectual structure, theoretical foundations of online consumer behavior research and identify the knowledge gaps and recommend future research directions. It can also help the marketing practitioners to understand the dynamic characteristics of online consumers and their buying behavior, through various contributions made by the scientific literature.

This thesis is a report on the E-C translation project of a popular science books on renewable energy. In the perspective of the project manager, the author summarizes the strategies used in each stage of project management. General speaking, this translation practice report can be divided into four parts, the first part is the description of the translation task, including the background of the task, the client requirements, and task details. The second part shows the project process, including Project Start-up Phase, Project Plan Phase, Project Implementation Phase, Project Monitoring Phase and Project Final Phase. The third part showcases some typical problems in this translation project. The fourth part summarizes the deficiencies in the translation practice and related thinking as well as inspirations. In this translation practice report, the author combines practical translation experience with project management theories, and learns from mistakes, in order to optimize the translation project management process.

The Kaizen concept introduced to the world by Imai is a resource that can be used for improvement anywhere. The benefits of this concept are immense, especially for developing countries, as the investment costs considered zero or minimal. Thus, the concept has now spread to the East and the West with many academic studies. However, it is doubtful whether this concept has been used to the fullest as the concept is based on the Japanese socio-economic background. Furthermore, this concept emerges especially in a context where middle management is seen as the driving force. Similarly, a centralised thought pattern can be seen throughout East Asia. The mediation procedure is the way of thinking of Asians. That may be due to their inspiration from Buddhist philosophy from 5 B.C. onwards. This study aims to consider how the Kaizen concept adapts to different organisational structures. The study further explores what needs to be done at the middle management level to maximise the Kaizen concept. However, this study is limited to conceptualisation. Here especially, the triangular organisational structure model and the smooth curve are used for analysis. For in-depth analysis uses positive and negative skewness. This study revealed that the Kaizen concept is satisfied in different ways within tall, flat and symmetrical organisational structures. Accordingly, it became clear that the Kaizen concept in a symmetrical organisational structure would satisfy middle management. It was further demonstrated that the introduction of Kaizen as negative skew and positive skew in high and flat organisational structures, respectively, can satisfy it in middle management. Thus, it is clear that the concept of Kaizen has the potential to be more effective in introducing the organisational structure in particular than in general. However, since this conceptualisation is done more simply, I suggest that further mathematical analysis is appropriate for this.

New trend sports are emerging which satisfy people’s hunger for fun, experience, adventure and enjoyment, but also address health concerns. A prime example of this development is fitness sports. All human addictions and cravings are concentrated in it: youth mania, personality development, self-expression, but also the striving to maintain and promote health. Findings from studies on motives in fitness sports can help, on the one hand, to take into account the special wishes of athletes in the design of offers and, on the other hand, to implement the marketing more effectively due to the more specific target group orientation. The present study provides an orientation framework for the field of fitness sports with regard to the exercise motivation of long-term participants. Members of a health-oriented fitness club in a large city were surveyed. The questionnaire consisted of 15 items that can be grouped into seven motivational domains. The questionnaires were available at the fitness club and could either be filled out directly on site or taken away and filled out at home. A total of 350 questionnaires were laid out, of which 278 were returned completed. The response rate was 79.4 %. The respondents were members who trained exclusively on equipment. The gender distribution is approximately equal with a slight surplus (just under 53%) of male respondents. The average age of respondents is 56.6 years with a spread around the mean of 13.1 years. Male respondents are, on average, slightly more than two years older than female respondents and the age distribution is slightly more homogeneous among males than females. Among respondents with membership of more than one year, the average duration of membership is 11.6 years (dispersion: 7.5 years). The results show demonstrable gender differences in motive mentions in only three of the 17 significance tests. In general, all gender differences are in the range of weak to very weak effect sizes, even for the highly significant differences. From a purely descriptive point of view, there are still further recognizable gender differences in the motive mentions. What is striking here is that, in general, women mention almost all motives more frequently and that the gender difference is mostly in a direction that is not expected? In detail, the following reliable gender differences can be found, which are not to be regarded as purely random effects of this specific sampling: a) Women name the motive "Continuous guidance and training control" more frequently than men (51.9% to 25.2%), b) Women name the motive "Bodybuilding" more frequently than men (52.7% to 35.4%) and c) Women name the motive "Special body shaping" more frequently than men (26.0% to 16.3%). Continuous support is obviously more important for women than for men. Women feel safer during training with professional advice, as they want to avoid mistakes when exercising. They attach importance to the conscientious and correct execution of the exercises, because they fear possible consequences of a wrongly executed training. Men also often have a longer sports biography than women, which is why they are more self-confident and have less fear of contact with the equipment. The results for women reflect society's expectations of today's women, who are expected to be slim, toned and fit. Being fit is in and those who are fit are also socially recognized. Fit, however, can hardly be separated from beautiful. Fitness is becoming a prerequisite for beauty. The results confirm that women place a high value on the status symbol of the body in order to find social acceptance.

This research was conducted at PT. Agung Solusi Trans with the aim to analyze the influence of leadership, work motivation, and compensation on employee job satisfaction. Data collection was obtained through direct questionnaires using a total population of 101 saturated samples, while the data analysis method used Partial Lease Square analysis. The results of data analysis show that: (i) Leadership has a positive and significant impact on employee job satisfaction, (ii) work motivation has a positive and significant effect on employee job satisfaction and (iii) compensation has a positive and significant effect on employee job satisfaction. The three independent variables, leadership, work motivation, and compensation each have a positive and significant effect; it can be proven by all the results of the hypotheses and declared proven.

Water Scarcity is one of the most important environmental hazards world-over associated with atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, and biosphere. In spite of receiving intensive orographic rainfall, different sources of fresh water; most parts of the population is facing increasing water scarcity day by day. It is more prevalent in the under developed as well as developing countries, than in comparison to the developed ones. The water scarcity is having multiple reasons behind it. in the broader sense, the causes behind the water crisis are mainly of two types. They are either natural or anthropological. The present paper tries to focus on the mechanisms of water scarcity from the perspectives of physical processes and anthropogenic processes. Today's water scarcity in the developing and under developed world is mostly triggered by anthropogenic activities decreasing water supply both in relative term and absolute term. This paper finally presents some measures that can be taken to reduce the hazardous effects of water scarcity for sustainable development of the ecologically fragile ecosystems. At the end, this paper also tries to throw some light as a solution to this problem (in a long term way) for betterment of inhabitants of those water scarce regions of the world.

This study focuses on the management of nonperforming loans in Bangladesh's banking industry. A supplementary data set was used to conduct this research project. On a year-to-year basis, the total number of nonperforming loans, gross nonperforming loan ratio, and net nonperforming loan ratio are all considered factors from 2011 to 2018. SCBs, DFIs, PCBs, and FCBs had gross NPLs ratios of 30.0 percent, 19.5 percent, 5.5 percent, and 6.5 percent, respectively, at the end of 2018 according to the research. The NPL ratios of SCBs and DFIs were quite high, as were the ratios of gross NPLs to total loans as well as net NPLs to total loans, although FCBs and PCBs were a high level of NPLs but it was tolerable. As a result of a lack of borrower selection, inadequate monitoring, collateral deficiency, money diversion, CRM absence, Basel III implementation, corruption of bankers and political involvement, Bangladesh has accumulated a large number of nonperforming loans (NPLs) in its banking industry. Management of nonperforming loans in Bangladesh's banking industry comprises credit evaluation, loan monitoring, loss provisioning, regulatory framework, loans transferred to third parties and writing down NPLs in an effort to recoup credit losses, the study found. An intended outcome of this research is a set of rules and suggestions on how to reshape NPLs in Bangladesh's banking industry, improve bank management of NPLs, and ensure responsible lending practices.

This study examined the relationship between job security and organizational citizenship behaviour in Deposit Money Banks in Rivers State. The study adopted a cross-sectional research survey design. Primary source was generated through self- administered questionnaire. The population of the study was 202 employees of 21 Deposit Money Banks in Port Harcourt. The sample size of 134 was determined using the Taro Yamane’s formula for sample size determination. The reliability of the instrument was achieved by the use of the Cronbach Alpha coefficient with all the items scoring above 0.70 to be selected. Data generated was analyzed and presented using both descriptive and inferential statistical techniques. The hypotheses were tested using the Spearman’s Rank Order Correlation Statistics. The finding revealed that there is a significant relationship between job security and organizational citizenship behaviour in Deposit Money Banks in Rivers State. The study thus concludes that job security significantly influences organizational citizenship behaviour in Deposit Money Banks in Rivers State. The study recommends that Deposit Money Banks should strive to provide job security to their employees as it has a positive and significant impact on organizational citizenship behaviour.