Background: Nurses are the major work force of any health care. Highest incidence rates of work-related low back problems seen among nurses. Thus the present study was conducted with the aim to determine effect of conventional therapeutic exercise on low back pain. Methods: Quasi experimental research design was adopted with 60 samples who met the inclusion criteria. Samples were allocated into experimental group (n=30) and control group (n=30) by convenience sampling technique. Pre-test was conducted by using Numerical pain rating scale and Rolland Morris Low Back Pain and Disability Questionnaire in both experimental and control group. Conventional therapeutic exercise was administered to the experimental group and the control group was continued with the routine procedure. Post-test was conducted after 2 weeks with same tool for both the group. Data were analyzed using SPSS. Results: The study findings revealed that the low back pain and its related disability was present among staff nurses working in intensive care unit and operation theatre. Conventional therapeutic exercise was effective in reducing the level of low back pain at the level of p<0.001 in the experimental group. Conclusion: Conventional therapeutic exercise may be routinely practiced in the hospital thereby preventing the low back pain which in turn makes the nurses efficient to provide productive and quality nursing care.

Callicarpa arborea is a shrub or tree (Family: Verbenaceae) that has been well studied for its antioxidant and antiinflammatory effects. Nevertheless, scientific information on Callicarpa arborea regarding the neuropharmacological effect is limited. The present study was performed to investigate the phytochemical nature and neuropharmacological activities of methanol extract of the Callicarpa arborea (MECA). Phytochemical analysis of Callicarpa arborea extract indicated the presence of flavonoids, tannins, steroid, terpenoid, alkaloids and saponins. The neuropharmacological activity was determined by hole cross and open field test using Swiss albino mice as experimental animal at the doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight. The extract showed significant neuropharmacological activity compared to standard drug. Diazepam at the dose of 1 mg/kg body weight was used as a reference drug in all the experiments. We found that MECA produced a significant dose-dependent inhibition of locomotor activity of mice in both hole cross and open field tests (P<0.05). Our exploration suggests that Callicarpa arborea contains sedative bioactive principle(s).

The Indrabasti Marma is a Mamsa Marma and Kalanthara Pranahara Marma. Its location, size and Viddha Lakshana is mentioned in gross. But the detailed explanation of the anatomical structures is not mentioned. This study is undertaken to ascertain and locate the anatomical entity of Indrabasti Marma. The location of the Marma was determined according to the basis of classical description and anatomical structures were identified by dissection of upper and lower limbs in 3 cadavers available in the Department of Rachana Sharir,Sri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara College of Ayurveda and Hospital. In the upper limb, the Radial artery along with associated neurovascular structures and the overlying Superficial Flexor group of muscles of forearm and in the lower limb, the Posterior Tibial artery, Peroneal artery, Tibial Nerve along with superficial group of calf muscles especially Soleus Muscle with its venous Sinuses are structures located at the point of Indrabasti Marma.

Background: Infectious diseases are the leading cause of death world-wide despite the vigorous campaigns that have been made to combat them. This has been occasioned by drastic growth of drug resistant pathogens. Plant based antimicrobials represent a vast untapped source of medicines and a further exploration of plant antimicrobials is called for. Plant extracts have led to the discovery of many clinically useful drugs such as emetine, berberines and quinine. There is a continuous and urgent need to discover new antimicrobial compounds with diverse chemical structures and novel mechanisms of action for new and re-emerging infectious diseases. Therefore, researchers are increasingly turning their attention to exploring untapped opportunities of natural products, looking for new leads to develop better drugs against microbial infections and other diseases. The objective of the study is to determine In-vitro antibacterial activity of different extracts and fractions of Lophira lanceolata plant. In this study, the plant extracts were screened for their antibacterial activity against selected strains of bacteria, including Gram-negative (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and Gram-positive (Bacillus subtilis and Staphycoccus aureus). The diameter zone of inhibition was determined using agar well diffusion method. Ethanol extract was found to have the highest activity while aqueous extract has the least against the tested strains. The n-hexane, ethylacetate and residual aqueous fraction have no activity whereas the n-butanol fraction has activity. The MIC of ethanol extract was found to be inhibitorier than methanol and aqueous extracts. The MBC of the extracts revealed that methanol, ethanol and aqueous extracts are bactericidal on one or more organisms while n-butanol fraction is bacteriostatic to all test strains at the concentration used. Conclusion: Conclusively, the stem-bark of Lophira lanceolata possessed in-vitro antibacterial activity with highest active observed in ethanol extract.

Backgrounde: Nitrates and nitrites are naturally found in fruits, vegetables and grains. In addition, they are used as food additives, preservatives and colour fixatives. Nitrite toxicity is induced by formation of methaemoglobin, and carcinogenic substances e.g. nitrozoamines. Materials and methods: In the current study we explored the impacts of chronic exposure of albino rats to potassium nitrate. Fourteen rats were randomly divided into 2 groups (n=7), control group and potassium nitrate treated group in dose of 20 mg/kg for 3 months. Subsequently, urine and blood samples were collected at 1, 2 and 3 months. At the end of the experiment (3 months), rats were sacrificed and thyroid glands were harvested. Results: Biochemical analysis exhibited significant decrease in the urinary iodine and blood-based thyroid hormones (T3 and T4), vitamin A compared with matched-time control group. However, calcium, nitric oxide and MDA showed significant increase in potassium nitrite treated rats. Marked thyroid injury was observed in the form of size and shape of the thyroid follicles, some follicles were enlarged and filled with colloid fluids, but other were completely empty upon sodium nitrite exposure. Moreover, in some cases hyperplasia with leukocytic infiltrations in the parafollicular cells replacing the atrophied follicles. Conclusion: Our results provide new evidences that toxic effect of potassium nitrite is possibly mediated by inhibition of iodine absorption,vitamin A level, thyroid destruction and depression of the antioxidant system.

Avipattikar Churna is used in clinical practice in dealing with the case of gastric disorders since the 19th century. Amlapitta is one of the chief disorders of Gastro-intestinal tract. Colloquial term for Amla-pitta is Hyperacidity. Though various scientific researches were performed by varies Ayurvedic researchers, data of their outcome are not compiled to completely understand the pharmacology. This formulation promptly relives from major symptoms like Amlokalesh, Shirovedna, Ura-Pradesh Daha, Aruchi, Amlodgara. Neither, any complication(s)/Side effect(s) were reported so far, nor it produces addiction. 20 times of its normal dose (500mg/Kg body wt.) does not produce any acute toxicity in rats. Maximum numbers of constituents of it have Anti-ulcerogenic and Anti-oxidant property. It is an inference from all clinical study that 21- 45 days period is required to show marked improvement in the disease. Allopathic medicine uses to treat hyperacidity share a good portion of the drug market. Due to its higher safety and efficacy, it may be a good substitute for acid-lowering drugs of today.