REVIEW ARTICLE | March 3, 2026
Pakhala- The Gut Wonder Food & Bowel Nosodes in Homoeopathy of AYUSH
Tridibesh Tripathy, Byomakesh Tripathy, Sahu, Sanskriti Tripathy, Anjali Tripathy, Sovesh Chandra Tripathy
Page no 38-42 |
https://doi.org/10.36348/sijtcm.2026.v09i03.001
Since ancient times Odisha or Kalinga as known in that era, the state in eastern part of the nation is a rice eating state. Rice is the staple food as it is cultivated as the main cereal. Further, the healthy technique of boiling the rice partially is also age old. In common parlance, it is called as the brown rice as it looks brown in color. The brown color is because of the coating of the rice bran that comes out from the paddy when it is boiled. The process involves boiling the rice twice. First the paddy is boiled and dried in the sun after spreading out in the open. After drying once, the paddy is boiled again and dried again. Thereafter, the twice boiled & dried paddy is de-husked & the final product is obtained in the form of brown rice or par boiled rice. The article focuses on celebration of this rice in the state of Odisha of India. The literature review cites studies related to the Fermented Rice Water (FRW) that links its benefits to gut health & its related issues. The study emphasizes on fermenting in earthen pots overnight for optimal benefits. The article links the gut bacteria related to the article to the Bowel Nosodes of Homoeopathy that are a group of medicines prepared from the gut bacteria. There after it further links ‘Butyrate’ a product of soaking the Fermented Rice Water to Homoeopathy. In the last section, it reinforces the integration of homoeopathy on a large scale to deal with gut related issues that affect both mental and physical levels.
REVIEW ARTICLE | March 19, 2026
Etiopathogenesis and Pharmacological Management of Legionnaires Disease
Kakunuri Lakshmi, Ch. Aruna Kumar, Y. Rahul Babu, SK. Mahaboob Sharif, L. Mohana Rupasri, M. Pujitha, J. Divya
Page no 43-56 |
https://doi.org/10.36348/sijtcm.2026.v09i03.002
Legionnaires’ disease is a severe form of atypical pneumonia caused primarily by Legionella pneumophila. The disease was first identified following a 1976 outbreak at an American Legion convention in Philadelphia. It is transmitted through inhalation of contaminated aerosols from water sources such as cooling towers, air-conditioning systems, hot water systems, and decorative fountains. The incubation period typically ranges from 2 to 10 days. Clinical manifestations include fever, cough, dyspnea, headache, gastrointestinal symptoms, and confusion, with severe cases leading to respiratory failure, septic shock, or multiorgan dysfunction. Diagnosis is primarily based on urinary antigen testing, culture, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Prompt treatment with macrolides or fluoroquinolones significantly reduces morbidity and mortality. Preventive strategies focus on proper maintenance and disinfection of water systems to control bacterial growth. Early diagnosis, appropriate antibiotic therapy, and effective public health measures are essential for reducing disease burden and preventing outbreaks.